Yes? No? Maybe?
TRANSFER CREDIT FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL
EXAMINATIONS
OVERSEAS ASSOCIATION FOR COLLEGE ADMISSION COUNSELING 2013 ANNUAL CONFERENCE
KATE FREEMAN, International Consultants of Delaware EMILY TSE, International Educational Research Foundation
MARJORIE SMITH, University of Denver
¡ Review credentials that cause the most discussion and confusion
¡ Give suggestions for transfer credit/advanced placement/course transfer
¡ Provide information and data to explain suggestions ¡ Give you more information when reviewing institutional policy
GOALS FOR THIS SESSION
¡ Changes in educational systems ¡ Changes in content of external examinations ¡ We’ve always done it, but we don’t know why
WHY THE CONTROVERSY?
¡ External vs. internal ¡ Mandatory vs. optional
SECONDARY SCHOOL EXAMINATIONS
¡ 13th year ¡ Required for access to university study ¡ Validation by state or national examination board ¡ In-depth study in a limited number of subjects ¡ Indicates high level of academic achievement/rigor
WHY YOU SHOULD CONSIDER CREDIT
¡ 12 years or less ¡ Not always the credential required for university admission ¡ Level of academic rigor not at a post-secondary level ¡ High passing rates (see France)
WHY YOU SHOULDN’T CONSIDER CREDIT
General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) ¡ External examination after completion of secondary school (11 years) ¡ Offered by 7 examining bodies ¡ Sit for 5 – 6 subjects ¡ Comparable to completion of high school in U.S. and Canada TRANSFER CREDIT? Not recommended ¡ Not at a post-secondary level
UNITED KINGDOM GENERAL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION (GCSE)
General Certif icate of Education Advanced Subsidiary Level (GCE “A/S” Levels) ¡ External examination after completion of 1st year of Sixth Form ¡ Usually sit for 2-3 subjects ¡ Grades of A – E (all considered passing) TRANSFER CREDIT? Yes ¡ 3 – 5 semester credits for each subject pass ¡ You must determine acceptable grade for transfer credit ¡ Examining boards provide information on what is covered in each subject
UNITED KINGDOM G EN ERA L C ERT IF ICAT E OF ED U CAT ION A DVA N C ED S U B S ID IA RY LEVEL
( G C E “A/S” LEVELS )
General Certif icate of Education Advanced Level (GCE “A” Levels) ¡ External examination after completion of 2nd year of Sixth Form ¡ Usually sit for 2-3 subjects ¡ Grades of A – E (all considered passing)
TRANSFER CREDIT? Yes ¡ 6 – 10 semester credits for each subject pass ¡ You must determine acceptable grade for transfer credit ¡ Examining boards provide information on what is covered in each subject
UNITED KINGDOM GENERAL CERTIF ICATE OF EDUCATION ADVANCED LEVEL
(GCE “A” LEVELS)
¡ Technical and vocational programs of fered in UK and internationally ¡ Name changed to Pearson as of Apri l 2013 (formerly Edexcel) ¡ Qualifications wil l be known as Pearson BTEC ¡ 30% of UK university admissions BTEC students ¡ 95% of UK higher education institutions accept BTEC students ¡ Admission generally requires a GCSE ¡ List of BTEC qualifications:
http://www.edexcel.com/btec/Pages/Qualifications.aspx BTEC National Cer tif icate ¡ 1 year of post-GCSE study TRANSFER CREDIT? Yes ¡ Up to one year (~30 semester credits) BTEC National Diploma ¡ 2 years of post-GCSE study TRANSFER CREDIT? Yes ¡ Up to two years (~60 semester credits)
UNITED KINGDOM BUSINESS AND TECHNICIAN EDUCATION COUNCIL (BTEC)
UNITED KINGDOM BUSINESS AND TECHNICIAN EDUCATION COUNCIL (BTEC)
BTEC Higher National Certificate ¡ 1 year following BTEC National Certificate TRANSFER CREDIT? Yes ¡ Up to one year (~30 semester credits) BTEC Higher National Diploma ¡ 2 years following BTEC National Diploma TRANSFER CREDIT? Yes ¡ Up to two years (~60 semester credits) if in dif ferent field from BTEC National Diploma ¡ Comparable to a bachelor’s degree if in same field as BTEC National Diploma
FRANCE DIPLÔME DU BACCALAURÉAT
Baccalauréat ¡ External examination after completion secondary school (12 years) ¡ Exam subjects based on track
TRANSFER CREDIT? Not recommended ¡ Passing rate is more than 80% ¡ Credit not awarded at French post-secondary institutions ¡ http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/28/world/europe/a-rite-of-passage-for-french-students-receives-a-poor-grade.html?pagewanted=all
QUÉBEC, CANADA DIPLÔME D’ETUDES COLLÉGIALES
Diplôme d’etudes collégiales/Diploma of Collegiale Studies ¡ Awarded after completion of two-year university preparatory program ¡ Preceded by 11 years of secondary education
TRANSFER CREDIT? Yes ¡ Up to one year of transfer credit ¡ Award credit for courses that are most advantageous to student’s proposed program of study at your school
QUÉBEC, CANADA DIPLÔME D’ETUDES COLLÉGIALES
ALBERTA, CANADA ADVANCED HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA
Advanced High School Diploma ¡ Awarded after completion of three years of secondary school ¡ Enriched courses; more math and science than General High School Diploma ¡ Preferred diploma for university admission
TRANSFER CREDIT? Not recommended ¡ Not at a post-secondary level ¡ Credit not awarded at Alberta colleges and universities
HONG KONG HONG KONG DIPLOMA OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education (HKDSE) ¡ External examination after completion of secondary school (12 years) ¡ First awarded 2012 ¡ Replaces Hong Kong Advanced Level Examination (HKALE)
TRANSFER CREDIT? Not recommended ¡ Not at a post-secondary level ¡ University programs increased to 4 years from 3 years
GERMANY ZEUGNIS DER ALLGEMEINEN HOCHSCHULREIFE
Zeugnis der allgemeinen Hochschulreife (a.k.a. Abitur) ¡ After 12-13 years ¡ Exams coordinated at state level ¡ Uniform Examination Standards TRANSFER CREDIT? Maybe ¡ Depends on year awarded ¡ As of 2012-13 academic year, all lander (states), except Schleswig-Holstein (2016), will have a 12-year system ¡ Identical content (12 vs. 13 yrs)
GERMANY ZEUGNIS DER ALLGEMEINEN HOCHSCHULREIFE
GERMANY ZEUGNIS DER ALLGEMEINEN HOCHSCHULREIFE
ITALY DIPLOMA DI ESAME DI STATO
Diploma di Esame di Stato (Diploma of State Examination) ¡ Commonly awarded after 13 years of study (5 + 3 + 5 structure) ¡ Previously Diploma di Maturità (prior to 1998)
TRANSFER CREDIT? Maybe ¡ “Specializing Tracks/Schools” : Classical, Scientific, Linguistic…
ITALY DIPLOMA DI ESAME DI STATO
ITALY DIPLOMA DI ESAME DI STATO
Marks Noted on Left-Hand Side ¡ Average from the written exams ¡ Oral exam score
¡ Points/credits from internal assessment
ITALY DIPLOMA DI ESAME DI STATO
Explanation on the Right: ¡ 1st written: Official language ¡ 2nd written: Core Area ¡ 3rd written: Ability to integrate knowledge from final year ¡ Oral: Mastery of language and ability to connect knowledge
ITALY DIPLOMA DI ESAME DI STATO
ICELAND STÚDENTSPRÓF
Stúdentspróf (Matriculation Examination) ¡ 14 years (commonly 10 + 4
structure) ¡ Primarily INTERNAL examination ¡ Ministry determines program
objectives, assessment and administrative practices
¡ Schools evaluated every 5 yrs TRANSFER CREDIT? Maybe ¡ 140 credits required for graduation ¡ 4-5 subjects with greatest weight
ICELAND STÚDENTSPRÓF
SWITZERLAND EIDG ENÖS S IS C H MAT URIT ÄT /MAT URIT É FÉDÉRAL
B AC CA LAURÉAT / MAT URIT À FEDERA LE
Eidgenössisch Maturität/Maturité fédéral/Baccalauréat/Maturità federale (Federal Maturity Certif icate) ¡ After 12-13 years ¡ Prior to 1995, academic tracks: classical languages, modern languages, math and sciences, economics… ¡ Federally recognized vs. Cantonal TRANSFER CREDIT? No ¡ Since reforms, no “specialization” ¡ Subjects: 7 core, 1 focal, 1
supplementary
SWITZERLAND EIDG ENÖS S IS C H MAT URIT ÄT /MAT URIT É FÉDÉRAL
B AC CA LAURÉAT / MAT URIT À FEDERA LE
¡ First issued in 1999/2000
NORWAY VITNEMÅL FRA DEN VIDERGÅENDE SKOLEN
Vitnemål fra den vidergående skolen (Certif icate from Upper Secondary School) ¡ Combination of internal and external
assessment ¡ 1997: shift to 13-year structure (7 + 3 + 3) ¡ 3 academic streams: general; sports
and physical education; music, dance and drama
TRANSFER CREDIT? Maybe ¡ Further specializations within
general academic stream ¡ Approximately 4 exam subjects
NORWAY VITNEMÅL FRA DEN VIDERGÅENDE SKOLEN
INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE
International Baccalaureate (IB) ¡ Since the late 1960s, over 140 countries ¡ Common 2-year pre-university
curriculum, regardless of location ¡ Externally validated ¡ 6 subjects: 3 higher, 3 standard ¡ Also extended essay & analytical
reasoning section (TOK)
TRANSFER CREDIT? Yes ¡ For the higher level subjects
¡ Secondary = secondary; credential gives access to post-secondary education
¡ Double dipping: same subjects getting secondary school credits and transfer credit
¡ Suggests that the U.S. system is inferior
COMMENTS FROM THE CUNY SYSTEM
Kate Freeman – [email protected] Emily Tse – [email protected] Marjorie Smith – [email protected] Session posted at http://www.icdeval.com/about/publications
QUESTIONS?
THANK YOU!
Gracias Cảm ơn bạn
Merci 감사합니다
Obrigado 谢谢
Cпасибо Grazie
ششككرراا Danke ध"यवाद
σας ευχαριστώ Salamat ありがとう
Terima kasih
תודה
General Certificate of Education Advanced Level
SURVEY FINDINGS
Other responses: • In process of proposing a
policy to award credit • Only based on credentials
evaluation and department review
GENERAL CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION ADVANCED SUBSIDIARY LEVEL
SURVEY FINDINGS
Other responses: • Case-by-case • Typically award half as much
credit as A levels • No, because we do not
consider them as rigorous
FRANCE – BACCALAURÉAT
SURVEY FINDINGS
Other responses: • Only for coeficients of 4 and
higher with grades of 10 and above
• Varies by school
GERMANY – ABITUR
SURVEY FINDINGS
Other responses: • Only for the 13 year
ITALY – DIPLOMA DI MATURITÀ
SURVEY FINDINGS
Other responses: • Have never seen one • Awarded in rare cases • Credit considered based on student’s major upon faculty review
QUÉBEC – DIPLÔME D’ETUDES COLLÉGIALES
SURVEY FINDINGS
Other responses: • We consider first 12 academic courses to be comparable to Ontario Grade 12; number of credits awarded depends on how many courses completed after first 12 • Only if both years were completed and only for the 2nd year • Only academic subjects awarded transfer credit
OTHER EXAMINATIONS OR DIPLOMAS FOR WHICH STUDENTS REQUEST/DEMAND TRANSFER CREDIT/ADVANCED STANDING
SURVEY FINDINGS
IB diploma Bulgaria: Diploma za Sredno Obrovanie Demark: Studentereksament Finland: Ylioppilastutkinto Lebanon: Baccalauréat Romania: Baccalauréat European: Baccalauréat Malaysia: STPM Scotland: Higher Levels Israel: Bagrut CXC: Caribbean Advanced Proficiency Examinations Anything done at a colegio or other cognate for “college” Cambridge Pre-U Austria: Matura
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