Trachea
Trachea
aka windpipe 11 cm long, 2-2.5 cm in diameter Mobile cartilaginous & membranous
tube
Trachea
Commences at the lower border of cricoid cartilage of larynx
Extends downward in the midline of neck In thorax, ends by dividing into 2 main
bronchi at level of disc between 4th and 5th thoracic vertebrae
Relations in the neck
Anteriorly Skin, fascia, isthmus of thyroid gland,
inferior thyroid veins, jugular arch, thyroidea ima artery & left brachiocephalic vein
Posteriorly Right and Left recurrent laryngeal nerves,
esophagus & vertebral column
Laterally Lobes of thyroid gland, carotid sheath
Function:
main conduit of air to and from the lungs
Connects larynx to bronchi
Blood Supply
The blood supply of trachea is derived mainly from the inferior thyroid arteries
Lymph Drainage
The lymph vessels drain into the pretracheal & paratracheal lymph nodes
Nerve Supply
The nerve supply is from the vagi, the recurrent laryngeal nerves, & sympathetic trunks.
Tracheomalacia
is a condition characterized by flaccidity of the tracheal support cartilage which leads to tracheal collapse especially when increased airflow is demanded.
Tracheomegaly
A collapsed trachea, resulting from defects in the cartilage which makes the cartilage unable to support the trachea, results in a dry hacking cough.
Tracheitis
Aka bacterial tracheitis Bacterial infection of trachea Producing airway obstruction
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