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Toyota offers diverse preferences with flawless
quality at affordable price and at perfect timing.
Toyota has always striven for better cars for more
people. After the world war II most people couldnt afford a
car even at cost.
The Toyota Production System (TPS) aims at
elimination of waste, which snowballed
unnoticeably.
JIT and Jikoda helped in reducing the inventory.
The five whys
TOYOTA
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The 5 whysThis exercise consists of asking a chain of why questions until the root cause
is identified and countermeasures are determined.
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They had increasingsales
Toyota was exporting its
products earlier whichwas not a viable option
now.
The yen was becoming
stronger so investment
in foreign market would
fetch more return.
They had to train people
with regard to the TPS
that they followed.
Also they released a new
version of Camry which
had increased variation
in seats. But there was an
engineering flaw in the
seats.
Why a new plant in US Problems they faced
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Georgetown Ramp Up
Replication of Tsutsumi plant, maintaininghigh quality, low cost.
Selection and training programs reinforcing
TPS basics. Month long trip, Intense personal training,
one to one approach.
TPS isolates problem from people therebyenabling them to focus on solving theproblem.
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Operations Production
Mission
Planning process, example
2 major principles used
Heijunka- evening out
advantages: supplier surge, bottleneck elimination
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Operations
Kanban cards- JIT principle, connects supplier and
workstation, part code number, batch size, delivery address.
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Operations
Assembly Work charts (cycle time, sequence of task, timing).
Red , green ,yellow lines and andon cord.
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Operations
Quality Control
1. Setting tough standards and checking every vehicle against
those.
2. Following through with customersexperiences with shipped
vehicles.
3. Inspecting problematic items amongst other items at the
receiving dock.
4. Providing instant feedback to direct operations including
final assembly by rigorous inspection.
5. Prevention of problems happening in the first place by
working closely with the design team and suppliers.
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Operations
PURCHASING
1. Policy of engaging low cost suppliers over low price
suppliers always.
2. Practice of Cost Estimation by encouraging suppliers toshare their cost data with them.
3. Helping them improve their manufacturing processes with
inputs from Toyota Kaizen experts.
4. Subsequently resulting in reduction in procurement prices.
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THE SEAT
Camry seats consisted of front left and right assemblies, the
rear seat benches and backrests and the bolsters.
For the Assembly, it was a soft part prone to damage as
well as the bulkiest.
For the QC, it was an item of safety.
For the Purchasing, it was the most expensive of the
purchased parts.
The seat was a sensory item for customer satisfactionwithout any precise industry standards.
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THE SEAT TMMs used Sequential Pull to get the delivery of seat sets.
SupplierKentucky Framed Seat (KFS).
Just in time inventory delivered according to make and model
specification.
1. Transmitter attached to car body sent real-time manifest
information to printers at KFS and TMM .
2. The car body and the seat sets simultaneously travelled down the
assembly line in the respective factories.
3. The seat sets are then strapped according to the order.
4. Delivered batches of 58 seats to TMM within 30 minutes
5. Sets waited in TMMs receiving dock and hoisted to the overhead
conveyor according to the manifest prints.
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THE SEAT-Assembly
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Exception to Multivendor policy and in house
assembly of seats.
Locational closeness helped Sequential Pull. Kaizen tips to KFS.
Initial Start up was difficult.
Model Change- Sequential pull till last day ofproduction- 10 days to change over its
process- 10 weeks to build-up capacity.
Kentucky Framed Seats
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Defects
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3 styles 4 Colors were changed to 5 styles 3
colors
Camry Wagon +8 North America +10 Europe+18 Japan and Middle East
Inventory build upDelivery deadlines
missed Without affecting line solution
Problems
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Seat Installation & The Hook
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Andon
A type of visual control
Displays the current
state of work It is one of the main
tools of Jidoka.
Allow speedycorrective action to be
taken by supervisors
when a problem arises
Glossary
.
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Key control tool for Just-in-Time production.
Instruction for production and conveyance to check against
over production and to detect irregular processing speeds
The functional categories of Kanban are:
1-card kanban (referred to as Production Kanban)
2-card kanban (referred to as Withdrawal Kanban)
Part Specific kanban (used for single part family or grouping)
Route Specific kanban (used for mix production)
CONWIP (CONstant Work In Progress)
Kanban
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Kanban card
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Kaizen refers to the seriesof activities or practices
that focus upon continuous
improvement of processes.
Kaizen activities typicallyemphasize manual work
operations rather than
equipment.
Not an activity to beperformed by a specialist,
but can bein fact should
beperformed by all
employees at each job site.
Kaizen
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Manufacturing and conveyance of only what is needed, in the amount
needed.
Enhances efficiency and enables quick responses to change.
Just-In-Time
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Four Ss
Sifting (Seiri):Go through everything in thework area, separating and eliminating what
isnt needed.
Sorting (Seiton): Arrange items that are
needed in a neat and easy-to-use manner. Sweeping Clean (Seiso):Clean up the work
area, equipment, and tools.
Spic and Span (Seiketsu):The overall
cleanliness and order that result fromdisciplined practice of the first three Ss.
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Stop production lines in the event of problems.
This prevents passing on defects.
Build in quality at the production process.
At the same time, since defects are prevented automatically,
inspectors become unnecessary, which in turn results in significant
labor savings.
Jidoka
Heijunka / Leveled Production
Overall levelling in the production schedule with respect tovariety and volume of items produced in given time periods.
This is a prerequisite for Just-in-Time production.
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Unintended Acceleration:
Toyota's Recall Crisis
3.8 million cars recalled
Due to floor mats that could jam the accelerator pedal.
There appear to be two root causes for Toyotas quality problems.
1. Outgrowth of managements ambitions for rapid growth :-
Vision for rapidly increasing global market share
Sales grew faster than the company could manage
Priority over the companys traditional focus on quality
Expansion gave management little opportunity for adjusting
its systems and practices to accommodate such stronggrowth personnel were stretched increasingly thin
New contract engineers to boost engineering capacity as
much 30% of its development work
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2. Increasing complexity of the companys products
Typical auto sold in the United States or Europe has more than 60
electronic control units and more than 10 million lines of
computer code a fourfold increase over what was common a
decade ago
Lead time between exterior design approval and start of sales
was compressed to less than 20 months.
Accelerated design cycles strained the companys development
and production systems and pushed human resources to thelimit, creating the conditions for quality failures.
70% of the value added in Toyotas vehicles comes from parts and
subassemblies produced by its suppliers
On the other hand, quality experts say Toyota proved itself inept at
crisis management and marketing.
Toyota representatives reacted to the complaints in ways that
confounded marketing and crisis management experts.
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References
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global.com/company/vision_philosophy/toyota_production_system/jidoka.html
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167d8}http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/kellogg-case-publishing/case-search/case-detail.aspx?caseid={aba218a8-fb7d-48df-9453-86f4e36167d8}http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/kellogg-case-publishing/case-search/case-detail.aspx?caseid={aba218a8-fb7d-48df-9453-86f4e36167d8}http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/kellogg-case-publishing/case-search/case-detail.aspx?caseid={aba218a8-fb7d-48df-9453-86f4e36167d8}http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/kellogg-case-publishing/case-search/case-detail.aspx?caseid={aba218a8-fb7d-48df-9453-86f4e36167d8}http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/kellogg-case-publishing/case-search/case-detail.aspx?caseid={aba218a8-fb7d-48df-9453-86f4e36167d8}http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/kellogg-case-publishing/case-search/case-detail.aspx?caseid={aba218a8-fb7d-48df-9453-86f4e36167d8}http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/kellogg-case-publishing/case-search/case-detail.aspx?caseid={aba218a8-fb7d-48df-9453-86f4e36167d8}5/26/2018 Toyota Final
29/29THANKS YOU
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