Water in Africa
A political [governance] &
a management challenge
Tony AllanKing’s College & SOAS London
2
The consequences of asymmnetric rainfall Source Nasa
Endowments - including water
DemographicsInfrastructureGovernance
Outcomes
LWRG 2007 4
The consequences of asymmnetric rainfall Source Nasa
Demographics
6
65mn
108mn
145mn
7
65mn
108mn
145mn
LWRG 2007 8
1268mn
1453mn
1424mn
1004mn
1448mn
1808mn
Consequences of different political cultures
LWRG 2007 9
Infrastructure
11
RESPONSE Global Irrigated Area Map Source IWMI.org
Look at the International Water Management Institute [IWMI] website
Government and Governance
Water in Africa - CEAUP - Porto 2008
.Gov
.Com
.Org
Civil society
Government & Governance
Water in Africa - CEAUP - Porto 2008
.Gov
.Com
.Org
Civil society
Government & Governance
Government
Water in Africa - CEAUP - Porto 2008
.Gov
.Com
.Org
Civil society
Government & Governance
Government Governance
Water in Africa - CEAUP - Porto 2008
.Gov
.Com
.Org
Civil society
Governance in a neo-liberal political economies - US, EU etc
Water in Africa - CEAUP - Porto 2008
.Gov
.Com
.Org
Civil society
DemocracyEmploymentPensionsSubsidies
Laws/regulationWelfare stateConscriptionTaxes
Advocacy
MarketsBranding & advertisingEmploymentPensions
Governance in a neo-liberal political economy
Water in Africa - CEAUP - Porto 2008
.Gov
.Com
.Org
Neo-liberal ‘democratic’ regime
.Org
Government/Governance in different political economies
.Gov
.Com
.Org
.Gov
.Com
Common Southern
Authoritarian
Outcomes of Africa’s
endowments - including water demographics,infrastructure
levels of development and governance THE KEY ISSUE
LWRG 2007 20
See FAO website for 1970 to 2000 animation
Data for 2000
Africa does have some of the most advanced infrastructure and water management and regulation in the world
$100000 ppy
Adaptive status of the economy & society
[Annual GDP per head as an indicator]
Waterresourcestatus ofthe economy[m3 ppy asan indicator]
Water richbut
adaptively poor
Water richand
adaptively rich
Water poorand
adaptively poor
Water poorand
adaptively rich
10000m3
1000m3
10m3
$1000 ppy
$10 ppy
The two dimensions of water poverty
$100000 ppy
Adaptive status of the economy & society
[Annual GDP per head as an indicator]
Waterresourcestatus ofthe economy[m3 ppy asan indicator]
Water richbut
adaptively poor
Water richand
adaptively rich
Water poorand
adaptively poor
Water poorand
adaptively rich
10000m3
1000m3
10m3
$1000 ppy
$10 ppy
The Malthusian relationship
Both the water status and the social adaptive capacity are dynamic.
Communities and political economies
have trajectories reflecting worsening local water resource
availability – because of rising populations, and
improving economies – because of adaptive amelioration.
Waterresourcestatus ofthe economy[m3 ppy asan indicator]
Water richbut
adaptively poor
Water richand
adaptively rich
Water poorand
adaptively poor
Water poorand
adaptively rich
$100000 ppy
10000m3
1000m3
10m3
$1000 ppy
$10 ppy
Adaptive status of the economy & society
[Annual GDP per head as an indicator]
Socio-economic development not determined by water status
S KoreaIsraelEgypt S.
Africa
1950
2000
$100000 ppy
Adaptive status of the economy & society
[Annual GDP per head as an indicator]
The focus of WPI monitoring & evaluation
Waterresourcestatus ofthe economy[m3 ppy asan indicator]
Water richbut
adaptively poor
Water richand
adaptively rich
Water poorand
adaptively poor
Water poorand
adaptively rich
10000m3
1000m3
10m3
$1000 ppy
$10 ppy
Water poverty is concerned with the one to two billion facing poor water endowments & poor adaptive capacity
Poverty determines water poverty
Water poverty does not determine poverty
Adaptive capacity is the key resource
More crop per drop
More jobs per drop
More care per drop
Concepts from economics
More crop per drop
More jobs per drop
More care per drop
More stake per drop
Concepts from economics
Environ-metal paradigm
5th paradigm
A politicians prayer‘Some water for everyone for
ever’Kader Asmal 1996
Africa’s prayer‘Enough water for everyone and for the environment for
ever’
Thank you
Top Related