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'THE SUNDAY OREGONlAN, IPOBTLAND, rAPML' 15, 1900.

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rOItTLAXD, SUMJAY, AI'IUL 15.

3ICAXIG OF nASTEILThe Jews of the ancient time had no

.positive belief In the Immortality of theleoul. That belief came to them as aBlow growth, mingled much, according

Ho the custom of thought In the whole' Eastern world, with various notions of

Jmetempsychosls. The Jews of the time,of Jesus, with the possible exceptiontof the Sadducees, believed in the lm- -.mortallty of the soul. According to the.doctrine of the Pharisees, the souls oflinen pass Immediately after death Intosheol, or hades, which Is divided Intotwo parts, paradlso and gehenna, a(place of reward and a placejof punishment. Tet It was no realor vigorous life which existed in' this paradise, which was somewhere Inthe under world, and a return to the

'tipper world, or the resurrection, wassole condition of entering upon the

Hull enjoyment of existence. The doc-jtrl-

was analogous to that of Homer's'tinder world, where Odysseus found the'eouls of his departed companions, fee-'b- le

ghosts, longing to revisit the upperworld. The Pharisees seem to havebelieved in the resurrection of the orig-

inal body; but the question who, ac-

cording to their belief, were to have apart in the resurrection is involved inobscurity. Were the pious Israelites

.only to be raised, or the good and badIsraelites, or all men? According toJoseplius, this fortune was to be thatof the gocd alone, presumably of theJewish people.

The student of the Jewish doctrineof the resurrection, says Dr. OrelloCone, must be on. his guard againstImposing upon It the modern Christianconceptions of the present life and thelife to come. In other words, the Jew-ish doctrine must be regarded as con-nected with the national Messianic ex-

pectations. While the Messiah wasoriginally conceived as merely a tempo-rary ruler descended from David andhaving no connection with a judgmentand resurrection, he is representedabout the time of Jesus-a- s clothed withthe functions of a Judge. To what ex-tent this Idea prevailed among the Jewsin Jesus' time, it Is Impossible to deter-mine; but its presence is plainly indi-cated In the apocalyptic accounts of thesecond coming in the synoptic Gospels,and in Paul's conception of the event.

The teaching of Jesus regarding thelife to come is somewhat differentlyconceived, according to the mental orspiritual constitution of those who con-sider it. It is of greatest importance,continues Dr. Cone, to discriminatebetween the explicit teachings of Jesusand his allusion to and acceptance ofcurrent beliefs of his time without de-veloping them or giving Importance tothem by special sanction or enforce-ment. But it may be set down as asound principle that the sayings ofJesus regarding the condition and for-tune of men after death can only becorrectly interpreted when the currentopinions in his time on the subject aretaken into account, and a discrimina-tion Is made between what Is didacticIn his words and what is a mere refer-ence to or appropriation of these opin-ions without a didactic purpose.

In a penetrating discourse on the an-swer of Jesus to tho Sadducees, Dr.James Martlnenu says, finely, that thisanswer "proclaims as an element of hisreligion the Impossibility of humandeath. It insists that where once tnemoral union is realized between the

God and the spirits which heloves and trains into his likeness anddraws towards himself. It becomes In-credible that he should destroy thatunion and put an end to the very objectof his culture and affection."

Here is the simple yet profound ideaof Immortality. The notion of tho res-urrection of the material body has beenthe scaffolding necessary, no doubt-t- hat

has carried It. The human mindcannot rise at once to sublime heights,without such supports. In this doc-trine of immortality is the significanceof the Easter festival. There is an im-mense land of mystery in the relationsbetween body and spirit. Man has theconsciousness of Immortality, and ever-more is trying to verify It. The maininstrument of the Christian world inthis endeavor is the legend of the res-urrection, which will always be partof the Christian creed; but mankind,more and more, will use its intelligenceIn interpreting it& character.

TOUTO" ItICO AVTJ "MOUXT TA-COMA."

The Boardof Geographic Names re-cently instructed everybody to spell theisland as the Spaniards &pelled It,"Puerto Rico." This board was organ-ized under the act of September, 1890,and under the law all unsettled ques-tions concerning geographic nameswhich arise are referred to it, and thedecisions of the board are to be ac-cepted by the departments as thestandard authority in such mattersCongress, however, declines to followtho decision of boards of Its own crea-tion, for the acts recently passed concerning the Island spell Its name"Porto" Rico. The Foraker bill spelledthe name "Puerto" Rico through all Usstages until the 7th InsU, when, on motion of Senator Foraker, the word"Puerto," wherever It occurred In thebill, was changed to "Porto," and inthat shape the bill passed the Senate.So we have two acts of Congress call-ing the island "Porto" Rico In viola-tion of its name and incontempt of the Board of GeographicNames, created by Congress itself.

This defiance of official orthographyby Congress reminds us that during his.

term of office President Harrison senta message to the Senate insisting thatthe decisions of the board on geo-

graphic names be respected by allofficers of the Government, and one-- ofthese decisions abolished Mount a,

or Tacoma. President Harrisonin this message wrote himself down asa historical and geographical Image-break- er

to the good people of Tacoma,who to this day are not disposed toregard Tacoma as a "lost mountain,"but insist that Mount Rainier, not Ta-coma, was (he "lost mountain," or de-

served to be. Officially, there Is norecognition of any such, mountain as"Tacoma" on the standard UnitedStates maps, geographies or histories,any more than you can locate the lostPleiad on an astronomical chart or"the lost cause" in South Carolina.The people of Tacoma are charged bythe people of Seattle with having in-

vented "Mount Tacoma," and describeit as their only monument of inventiveskill, which President Harrison off-icially demolished by officially denyingIts right to exist. Of course, the Stateof 'Washington suffered nothing abso-lutely by the loss of Mount Tacoma, forMount Rainier remains. Mr. Hyde nolonger walks the fields of earth, but Dr.Jekyll is still a visible presence.

THE CIIATvGB IX NEW ENGLAKDLIFE.

The rapid change in New Englandlife the lost fifty years Is set forth withkeen and forcible pen In the life ofCharles Francis Adams by his son ofthe same name. Mr. Adams, in hisvery interesting book, describes a socialsituation In Boston In 1845 that has ut-

terly disappeared, not only from Boston, but from all the Important cities ofNew England. In those days, wnenBoston had but 150.000 inhabitants, aman was subject to social ostracism ifhis political opinions were at variancewith those of Boston's best society.Charles Francis Adams came of patrician Puritan stock; his father andgrandfather had filled the office ofPresident of the United States withgreat ability and honor: he was a grad-uate ot Harvard; he was cold, reticent,reserved in manner and speech, but,like Wendell Phillips and Charles Sum-ner, In spite of the bearing and appear-ance of an aristocrat, he was at bottoma man of broad, humane sympathiesand democratic principles. He enlistedin the anti-slave- ry struggle at a timewhen few men of his temperament,training and social station were foundon that side. Up to 1816. when Mr. Adams became conspicuous as the advo-

cate of abolition within the TJnlofl andunder the Constitution, he was a welcome figure in the houses of Bostonsbest society, which was then a commu-nity of able, upright merchants, whobelieved in God but believed that Dan-iel Webster was his prophet- - This pe-

culiar Boston, which has gone never toreturn, has been described as "close,hard, consolidated, with a uniformstamp on all, and opinion running ingrooves In politics Whig, In faith Uni-

tarian and Episcopalian."Charles Francis Adams, while his an-

cestral home was In Qulncy, was achild of the Puritan, patrician class asmuch as Phillips, whom Boston couldnot swallow and rejected as early as1837, but Adams, like Sumner, held onto Boston's Whig society until the Mex-ican war of 1816-- 48 brought him Intocollision with Robert'C Wlnthrop andDaniel Webster, and then his social andpolitical fate, was sealed. Mr. Adamswas a leader of the "conscience Whigs"in their contest against the WebsterConservatives, or "cotton Whigs,"which ended at the Whig State Con-vention of 1846 In the total discomfitureof the "conscience" faction, drivingAdams out Into the Free Soil party,whose candidate for Vice-Preside- nt hebecame on the Van Buren ticket In 1848.

In those days, so Intense was the polit-

ical feeling between the Whig factionsthat every rich Boston Whig slammedhis doors In Sumner's face, as he hadten years before in that of WendellPhillips, and George TIcknor wrote aletter to George S. Hilllard defendingthis social ostracism of men who wereof "unsound political faith." It wasnot possible to turn down Charles Fran-cis Adams socially,, as it had beenPhillips and Sumner, but it Is said thatAdams and Rufus Choate, when theymet socially, glared at each other liketwo ugly dogs, for Choate was nevertired of speaking of John Qulncy Ad-- -ams as "the last Adams." Richard H.Dana was treated with the some rude-ness as Sumner, and when he asked anexplanation, was bluntly told that hisfamily, his character and his socialbreeding were excellent, but that hispolitical opinions were so detestable, sovulgar, as to warrant his exclusionfrom good society. How strange thissounds today, when all over the coun-try political differences seldom disturbsocial relations!

The Boston of today Is not distinguished for the social warmth of Itspeople of Puritan lineage, but the Bos-ton of 1845-4- 6 was a repellent city. Itsbest society was narrow, formal,

pedantic, marked by thatabsurd kind of portentous gravitywhich stupid men with long purses In-variably affect to divert attention fromthe shortness of their heads. It wasthis society, utterly despotic over In-

dividual thought, which .branded Phil-lips as a fanatic in 1S35, sent Emersoninto denominational xile In 1S3S, andhis great apostle, Parker, In 1843, whileAdams and Sumner had to go Into po-

litical and social Siberia the momentthey dared to differ politically fromDaniel Webster and Robert C. Wln-throp. Wlnthrop so bitterly resenteda political letter of Sumner's attackinghis support of the Mexican War that herefused personally to recognize himthenceforth in public or private life.The power of this stern social tyranny,which successfully sought to bulldoze aman In both religion and politics by thethreat of ostracism in Boston of 1845,passed away with the death of theWhig party. The kind of society thatsent Phillips, Emerson, Parker and Ad-ams Into social exile is utterly obsolete.The old families are either extinct, ob-scure or utterly emasculated of domi-nating political influence.

The old race of "Bllver tops" -- In poli-tics that used to dine and wine thewealth and culture of both continentsand belonged to the charmed circle ofthe Brahmin caste in art and literature,no longer rules public opinion in Bos-ton politics. Its rising and ruling gen-eration are not persons who have in-

herited any peculiar reverence for thememory of Webster or any particularknowledge of Bostonese art and litera-ture. Boston long ago ceased to be aprovincial commupity where nobodycould be elected Mayor unless he heid adiploma from Harvard College. Bos-ton's city government is largely con-trolled by Irish-America- of, RomanCatholic faith, a revolution In, rJubUo

opinion since the days when a fanati-cal native American mob burned aCatholic orphan asylum In Charles-tow- n.

Better Boston, ruled by Irish-America-

represented In Congress by Irish-America- ns

of Roman Catholic faith,than the petty minded, purse-prou- d,

pedantic Boston plutocracy that sentits genius, its conscience, its eloquenceand Its scholarship into social and po-

litical exile fifty years ago. On the siteof Wendell Phillips' old home, in Essexstreet, may be seen a mural tablet recit-ing the fact that ".Here for more thanforty years lived Wendell Phillips," etcThis tablet was placed there by actionof the Irish-America- ns who composedthe city .government of Boston. Thesons of tle merchants who mobbedPhillips for years saw the stain on Bos-ton's scutcheon wlped off by Irish-America-

of Roman Catholic faith,who hastened at their first official op-

portunity to honor a man whose hu-manity knew no distinction of race,creed, color, sex, rank or condition oflife.

PENSIONERS OF PITY.Even the public service, practical.

hard, unmitigated grind that It Is, or Is

supposed to be, has Its pathetic side.An Illustration of this fact Is found Ina late resolution of the United StatesSenate calling upon the heads of departments In Washington to furnish astatement of the number of employes Ineach, together with their ages and thenumber Incapacitated for any reason.It Is not, strictly speaking, this reso-

lution that Is pathetic, since it is simplya plain, cold-blood- ed business inquiry,but the answers are coming in, andtherein lies the pathos of the situation.

In the Treasury Department, a totalof 331 .old, but not aged, men are em-ployed"; that Is to say, there Is thisnumber of men between 60 and 64 yearsof age, whose names appear upon thepayroll. This showing does not for thepresent Indicate the Incapacity throughage of these employes, since very manymen are able at the time of life desig-nated to perform clerical work in onefficient manner. But when we go onthrough the list we find that 100 menbetween the ages of 65 and 69; 56 be-

tween 70 an.d 74; 24 between 75 and 79,

and 10 who are over SO, are employedin this department. The dwindling listshows how rapidly men drop out ofeven a protected position. Involving thtdally discharge of certain routine du-

ties, after the age of 65 years, while Itis more than probable that they do notdrop out as fast as the actual good ofthe service demands.

This is not said in a spirit of criticismof the endeavor of old men In Indus-

trial life. It Is merely stating an un-pleasant. Immutable fact as reverentlyas may be. In plain words, that theIndustrial force of mankind, as appliedto the "wage-earni- ng capacity, rapidlyapproaches Its limit after three-scor- e

years of effort, and that the servicesof men nearly four-sco- re cannot beprofitably employed In earning voca-

tions.The pity of It Is that there are old

men in such numbers as this Inquirydevelops who find it necessary to holdon, literally with a death grip, to posi-

tions for the sake of the pay, the dutiesof which they can no longer efficiently

I perform. Pensioners of pity, the Government approaches the subject of theirdismissal for the sake of the publicgood hesitatingly, and even refuses toconsider the discharge of these agedservitors. The press, guided by a likefeeling., .touches lightly upon the mat-ter, while acknowledging that the pro-

cess of employing old men to performlabor to which physically and mentallythey are unequal; and even their com-

rades of the Grand Army, while urgingthe consideration for these aged toilerswhich no one refuses, regret the condi-

tions which make It necessary for themto keep on the harness of labor when Ithangs loosely upon their shrunkenshoulders.

The lesson In all this Is to young menand men In middle life not to the oldmen, who keep halting step In the ranksof labor. For these men there Is noth-ing left but to keep going as long asthey are permitted to do so, or untiltime, more Inexorable than the Govern-ment, .sets the, farthest limit to theirendeavor. But' to the mighty hostmade up of vigorous men who work fortheir living, the spectacle of the oldmen's contingent in the labor army. In

the Government service and out of It,should be an Incentive to thrift, ofwhich but the half is earning, the otherhalf saving.

WILD FLOWEIIS, EAST AXD WEST.A correspondent, whose letter will be

found elsewhere, takes the superficialview that "New England has this advantage, her flowers linger later; allthrough the late Summer and Autumnthere is something, to repay a woodlandwalk." The Oregonlan knows the floraof New England and of Western Oregonand Washington, and does not agreewith this conclusion. There are at leastas many wild flowers blooming throughthe late Summer and Autumn In Ore-gon as In Vermont; and we believethere are more, because not a few Ore-gon Spring flowers and shrubs oftenbloom a second time In Autumn: nota-bly the flowering dogwood, the clay-ton- la

and the lupine. In Septemberyou will And as many flowers surviv-ing In Oregon as In New England. Thegoldenrod Is but feebly represented InOregon, but there Is larger wealth andvariety of wild asters, and they surviveas late as In New England. In Sep-tember anybody can And pentstemonsstill In bloom at Elk Rock. The oxallsand the hawkweeds last as long withus as they do In New England. TheSeptember flowers in New England arefew, and in October, outside of the as-ters, and In Southern Vermont thefringed gentian, there Is nothing savethe wltchhazel. In September In Ver-mont you will find occasionally speci-mens of belated flowers of August, likethe cardinal flower, ladles' tresses,harebells. Just as we And sometimes be-

lated specimens of the wild columbineand other May flowers as late as Au-gust, but It Is as true of Vermont as ItIs of Oregon that there are few flowersafter August save asters, hawkweedsand kindred coarso plants. I

A September walk In the woods andthickets In the vicinity of Portland willdiscover to the observant eye as manyblooms as you will And in New Eng-land. The superiority of New Englandwoods In Autumn does not He In thewild flowers, but In the brilliant glow ofthe Autumn foliage. The Oregonlandoe3 not agree with Its correspondentthat "there is a great difference be-tween this country and New" EnglandIn the distribution of Flora's gifts";that "vegetation by comparison ismonotonous." Our correspondent says.that in Vermont she had "to co to ana

woods for columbine and bloodroot; toanother for trientalls; to another forbluets, and yet another for Iris, meadowlilies," while "the trailing arbutus wastwo. miles away." The Oregonlan sus-pects that our correspondent has notsearched the woods about Portlandvery thoroughly, or she would find thatwild flowers are distributed quite asvariously as In Vermont. Ot course,there are certain flowers and shrubsthat are sure to be found whereveryoU wander, here or in New England,but for others you will be obliged tovisit exceptional localities. For exam-ple. Riverside and Oswego are onlythree miles apart, but you will find anumber of handsome wild plants grow-ing at one place that do not grow at. theother save in exceptional specimens.At Riverside are two varieties of pent-stemons, camassla, clematis, mlmulus,Indian pink, while at Oswego you findcalypso, corallorhlza, cypripedluras,cephalanthera Oregaria, white larkspur, frlttelarla, and a rare and deli-cate variety of lupine.

At Oregon City you will And growlnain profusion Brodiaea grandIflora.habe-narl- a

leucostachys, and several otherAne plants that you would not seek atRiverside or Oswego. There Is oneplace about Portland where the Van--couveria grows, In Its greatest profusion; there Is another where you willAnd the cllntonla unlflora; there is another where the blue pentstemon Is ob-

tained. It only needs a Utile searchto satisfy our correspondent thatWestern Oregon Is not different fromNew England in. the local distributionof flowers, and everybody knows thatEastern Oregon Includes In Its flora avariety of plants we do not find aboutPortland. At Taqulna Bay is foundwild rhododendron In profusion farhandsomer than that of New England.Visit the boggy shores of the pondsnear Seattle and you will And NewEngland's swamp laurel and Labradortea (Ledum) in bloom.

There are 'many beautiful New Eng-land plants absent from our wild flora,but Oregon has, on the whole, a muchlarger and richer variety of beautifulflowering plants and shrubs than NewEngland. Western Oregon has not thecardinal flower, nor the purple meadoworchis, nor the wild azalea (swamppink), but she has in her great varietyof lupines, pentstemons, mlmulus,, al-

lium; In her larkspurs. In her beautifullilies, in her wild white and yellow Iris,her calypso, habenarla leucostachys,cypripedlum Montanum, and other or-

chids, ample compensation for the fewNew England plants its flora lacks. Thefinest flora of New England, however,even in Vermont, Is fast becoming,through the draining of swamps andthe clearing of woodland and thickets,a thing of tradition. Her coarse way-side flowers are still with her, but allthe rarest and finest blooms art becom-ing extinct.

SOUTH ASERICAK COJIPETITIOX.South America, a land which, prior to

a few years ago, failed to attract muchattention from the rest of the worldby the production of anything but cat-tle, coffee and revolutions, Is today anInteresting study of commercial growthwhich Is proving very expensive to thewhea'tgrowers of the Pacific Coast. TheArgentine Republic cut but a small fig-

ure In the world's wheat shipments un-til the Baring Brothers went Into thecountry to enlighten the natives In theways of finance. The famous Europeanbankers preferred wheat In the bag tocattle on the hoof as security, and Ina very short time succeeded In makinga kind of farmer out of the easy-goin-g

er of the Southern hemi-sphere. The world's markets werehandy to the Argentine farmer, and, ashis wants were few, he was enabled ina short time to turn off enormous quan-tities of wheat at a very small cost ofproduction. It was but a compara-tively short space of time until theBaring Brothers were separated fromtheir wealth, but before the crash camethe Argentine had taken its place onthe map as one of the big wheat-produci- ng

countries of the world.Turning off big quantities of wheat at

a low price was not the only blow giventhe farmers of the Pacific Northwestby our .neighbor on the south. A back-ward glance at the lists of shipping enroute to Portland fifteen or twentyyears ago shows that nearly all of theballast tonnage required at this portwas drawn from the nitrate ports onthe west coast of South America. Thelate Colonel North at that time hadnot succeeded In fully developing thebig fields of fertilizer now so generallyused In all parts of the world whereagriculture Is scientifically carried on.A big fleet of vessels annually came outfrom England or up from Australia,bringing coal and merchandise for thewest coast ports. Only a portion of thefleet was needed to carry back the com-paratively limited amoutn of nitratewhich was then used In Europe, andthe remainder of the ships were obligedto proceed In ballast to a port where acargo could be secured. Portland wasthe roost attractive point In those days,and wheat exporters could deoend al-

most to a certainty on a large fleet ofgrain-carrie- rs coming up from thoseports in ballast "seeking" grain car-goes'. Ten years ago the nitrate busi-ness had increased to a point where amillion tons were shipped from westcoast ports. The world's consumptionfor 1890 was estimated at 8S4.310 tons,and the growth since then has beensteady and large, as is shown by thefollowing table:

. West Coast World's con- -shipments, sumption,

tons. tons.1S31 ............ ...T.. 774.700 0JT.2001S3J 78T.000 883,301K93 ICiSOO 894.0701804 1.072.3O0 OST.Kt1803 ....-.- : 1.212.900 1.031.8211890 1.081.1O0 1.080,21111697 .-

-. 1.034,900 l.lOl.TbO1S9S 1.93,700 1.210.8801830 .........4 1.330.800 1.342.330

The fleet of ships already charteredfor 1900 loading at the nitrate ports Isthe largest on record, and Includes anumber of Bhlps that have been takento proceed from the Orient in ballast,thus reducing the supply of ballast ton-nage In a field to which Portland ex-porters were driven when west coastballast ships were no longer obtainable.This business, which has grown fronvnothing into.lmmense proportions with-in twenty years. Is one of the greatestfactors In ocean freights today, and asthe use of nitrate Is steadily Increasing,It will continue to have an enormousInfluence on freights the world over.

With the wheat men of South Amer-ica underselling the Oregon and Wash-ington grower, .and the nitrate menforcing ocean freight rates ,up, we areat present suffering more from the com-petition of South America than fromthat of any other country on earth.There Is also another phase of the com-petition which In time may be moreseriously felt "than it Is at present. It1 mo generous use of nitrate and other

Jik

fertilizers which Is enabling England toproduce an average of thirty-tw- o bush-els of wheat per acre, compared withless than half that amount produced inAmerica, where fertilizing for wheat isyet In an embryo state.

"In time 'of war;" says the fusionstate platform, "the citizen soldiershould be a Republic's defense, and asan example we point with satisfactionto the brave and gallant services ofthe Second Oregon in the late Spanish-America- n

war." Pointing with prideto the record of the Second Oregon, theringing voice of the fuslcn parties isinspired to pronounce against "wars ofconquest and colonial possessions," andto declare that the Filipinos cannot be"citizens without endangering our civ-

ilization" or "subjects without endan-gering our form of government." Whatare any of us but subjects? What isthere about citizenship that confers theright to vote and to control our govern-ment and its policies? Our women es-

pecially would be vastly Interested toknow. That the brave and gallantservices of the Second Oregon stirredto the nethermost the patriotic deeps Inthe Democratic bosom Is abundantlyIllustrated by the prompt manner Inwhich the .Congressional candidacy ofCaptain Heath was squelched.

Mrs. T. N. Holland, who is reportedto have shot at Little Rock, Ark., Will-iam Cook, a member of a prominentfamily, offers In justification that Cookdefamed her character. Mrs. Hollandevidently thinks that sentimentalwrongs or defamation of character canonly be redressed by the murder of theoffender. This Is a barbarous theory ofJustification for murder which all aban-doned men and women hold. It Is thegambler's and bully's theory of Justice.If a man gives his fellow the lie, mur-der him; If a man strikes his fellowwith his fist, murder him; If a man isreported to have defamed a woman,why, then, the man should be murderedforthwith. This .Is not the theory ofthe law. The law does not allow a manto murder his fellow-ma- n for any senti-mental reasons, nor does It allow awoman any more latitude to. murder aman than It does a man to murder awoman. A man may kill a woman Inself-defen- or a woman a man In self-defen-

but the law does not alloweither man or woman to plead that "heInsulted me" as a ground for leniencyto persons who commit murder. If the"Insult" theory were once accepted asJustification for murder, we should havevindictive men and women constantlyprovoking an enemy's , rage, proddinghim to strike In order to murder himswiftly within the law. Of course, nosuch "theory" of Justifiable homicidecan be or is entertained by the law;and Jurors that accept it are either will-fully false to their oaths or else toodull In moral sense or too Ignorant tounderstand their duty. There Is no sexIn crime. If woman Is the equal of manIn moral responsibility for her actions.

It seems Incredible in this day ofskillful engineering, careful construc-tion and excellence of building mate-rial, that such an accident as that re-

corded as having taken place at Pitts-burg a few days ago should occur". Theera of tall buildings could hot havecome In without a substantial Improve-ment In methods of construction andmaterials. The building that collapsedin Pittsburg, with fatal results to anumber of persons, was only a four-sto- ry

brick which was being remodeled,business being carried on in portions ofIt during the process. Contractors whocannot In safety make such changes Ina building as those which produced thisdisaster are scarcely worthy of thename In this day of mechanical con-struction, and should, as far as possi-ble, be held accountable for an accidentof this kind.

William D. Hare, now a Populist, buta Republican in former times, said Inthe State Populist Convention on Fri-day that Thomas H. Tongue "had de-

serted his former convictions and be-trayed the people." Mr. Tongue and"Judge" Hare are fellow-townsme- n.

Tho only comment at all necessary isthis: HIHsboro got a bad start enfinancial and economic questions manyyears ago. Tongue had Intelligenceenough to see his error and change hismind. Hare hadn't. Hare is a prodigyof the mossback intellect. He was athis height about forty years ago, andever since to use a Hlbemlcism hasmade steady progress backwards. Hewas always glib, always "tonguey," al-ways was able to say more than heknew, yet never knew anything.

Many people of the State of Wash-ington have keen recollection of Web-ster Davis" oratory. Hoclosed the Republican campaign thereIn 1893. Immense crowds greeted himeverywhere, and found that hisspeeches were full of sound and .fury,signifying little beyond a large voiceand enormous Davis'irresistible Impulse to talk has now sep-

arated htm from a soft Job at Wash-ington.

Eagerness to hold ofilce seems likelyto develop Into a local Independentticket, or Into a sort of ticket In sausagelinks. The number of persons who feelsuro the public cannot do without theirservices Is not likely ever to be less.This Is the euphemistic way of puttingit. The downright way Is to say thatthe number who think the public treas-ury the surest source of private reve-nue Is grossest at election time.

To all appearance, nature Is going todo her part towards providing a bounti-ful fruit crop In Oregon. Horticultur-ists must begin early and do their partIf the Insect pests of the orchards oreto be kept under control. The notes ofwarning sounded by the Board of Hor-ticulture cannot be heeded too promptlynor the methods suggested for fruitprotection applied too thoroughly.

Roosevelt Is again spoken of as a pos-sible running mate for McKInley. Thepoliticians In this are clearly reckon-ing without their host. Teddy willhardly consent to bury his future po-

litical aspirations in the unrefundlngtomb of the cy foe thesake of giving ballast to the McKIn-ley kite.

Haste in writing caused mention tobe made of Hon. A. S. Dresser as acandidate for Joint Senator of Multno-mah and Clackamas Counties. He isthe Republican nominee for Joint Rep-resents tlve.

Charles Francla Adams and Lincoln.Charles Francis Adams, our Minister to

England during the Civil War, was dis-agreeably Impressed by President Lincoln.His son describes his father's first andonly meeting with, Lincoln when in corn- -

,jv.,i.f. .:

'v, i' r- - - v I

pany'wlth Secretary Seward. Mr. Adamscalled at the White House to pay ras re-spects to the President:

Presently th doer opened and a, till, larxe- -featured. shabbily dressed man ot uncouth

slouched Into the room. Ilia much-knee- d.

trousers, coarse stockings andworn slippers at once caurat the eye. IIseemed reneralbr ill at ease In manner con-

strained and shr. The Secretary Introduced'tha Minister to the President, and the ap-pointee of the last proceeded to make the nrualconventional remark-- . ... The tall man lis-tened In silent abstraction. When Mr. Adamshad. finished and be did sot take lone the tallman remarked In an Indifferent, careless Traythat the appointment had not been hts, but wasdoe to the Secretary of State, and that It wasto Governor Seward rather than to himself thatMr. Adams should express any sense of obll-catl-

he might feel; then, with an air ot greatrelief, as he swung his long arms to his head:"Well, Governor, Tve this morning decidedthat Chicago nostofflce appointment." Mr.Adams and the Nation's foreign policy weredismissed tosetber! Not another reference wasmade to them.

a

ANSWER TO A WAIL.Good Advice and a ReTClatlon 'of the

Spirit of si Live Town.Spokane Chronicle. 0Commercially or esthetlcally there seems to

be nothing that could be desired. Tet the factremains that Portland la fast slipping behindIn the race for supremacy, which Is now on be-

tween the cities vf the Coast. There Is co useIn closing our eyes to this fact. It Is patentto erery observer. What la the reason andwhere la the remedy? Paelfio Monthly, Fort-lan- d.

Or.You poor thing!You want a reason? You want a rem-

edy? Well, taVe It.Quit your grunting. Get In and hustle.

Don't go around croaking like a bullfrogwith tho dyspepsia. You've got a goodtown; don't be ashamed of It. If youhaven't confidence In it, if you're nottoo proud of it to utter wailful whimper-ing! like that, then get out of it on thefirst freight train or sailboat you see, anddon't come back.

Don't come here, cither. We've hadsomo folks like you up here mighty fewof 'em. though, thank fortune, and wedon't offer any Inducements for them tostay. There have been people In Chicagowho thought tho Windy City didn't needanything but a white fence and a job lotof' tombstones to bo a first-cla- ss ceme-tery, but they died, and Chicago didn't.You can't strike a church or a miningcompany or a whist club that hasn't gotgrunters In It why. there's a. man namedBilly Bryan who even has the nerve totell us he's afraid this whole glorlpusRepublic is going to bump into somethingawful and bo mashed Into about 10.S7.0Oi)kinds of smithereens if he isn't electedPresident right away.

Reason? Remedy? Here's ono for allthe kickers: Take off your green glasses;get a mirror and practice smiling at ituntil you get so you can do It easy;scrape tho moss off your own back first,and then tackle your neighbors: pay gcodthings about your town and your friendsand tho preacher, or keep your mouthshut, and see how long it takes you tocatch yourself wondering how you wereever lucky enough to get in half so gooda world as this Is, after all.

i - s"Wild Flowers, Cast and West.

PORTLAND, April 9. To the Editor.)I read with much pleasure the artlclo"First Country Flowers," as InterestingIn Itself, and also from early associations,for I knew and loved the wild flowers ofportions of thrco New England states. It13 true that flowers come much earlierhere than in New England. I have known"May days" In Vermont when rot aflower could be found, and the "Queen"was crowned with wild whlto everlastingsand .ground pine kept over from tho yearbefore. But New England has this

her flowers linger later. Allthrough the late Summer and Autumnthere is something to repay a woodlandwalk.

There Is a great difference between thiscountry and New England In the distribu-tion of Flora's gifts. Vegetation here Isluxuriant, but, by comparison, monoton-ous. I find here exactly the same Springflowers that grow about my home InClark County, Wash., and excursions Invarious directions from that home haveresulted In disappointment as to the

of new flowers. In New England,although many varieties may bo found ona small farm, others, entirely different,may be found on all adjoining ones. ForInstance. In my childhood I had to go toa neighbor's beech woods for bloodrootand columbine; to another for the prettychtckweed wlntergreen (Trientalls): to an-other for the bluets, and yet another foriris, meadow lilies and the beautiful tallwild phlox. All these within less thana mile, but the trailing 'arbutus made itschosen haunt two miles away.

Tho crowning glory of New Englandwoods In late Summer and Autumn Isthe "wood violet" (v. canadensis). Grow-ing In rich clusters, the leafy, branchingstems a foot high; flowers as largo as thapanstcs of' the olden time, white, tinnedoutsldo with purple, slightly fragrant, sopure, so graceful, so perfect. Over thelapse of nearly half a century memory re-turns to them with undiminished love andlonging. A another exile, oncowrote of them: "When I think of thosewood violets as they grew in our maplogrove, they seem like beautiful. Intelli-gent spirits standing there." F. E. B.

After Denth.Sir Edwin Arnold.

He who died at Azan sendsThis to comfort all his friends.

Faithful friends! It lies. Iknow,Pale and white and cold as snow;And ye say "Abdullah's deadP"Weeping at the feet and head.I can see your falUng tears.I can hear your sighs and prayers;Tet I smile and whisper this"I am not the thing jou klrs;Cease your tears, and let It He;It was mine. It la not I."Bweet friends! What the women laveFor Its last bed of the grave.Is a hut whtch I am quitting.Is a garment no more fitting.Is a cage, from which at last.Like a hawk, my soul has passed.Love the Inmate, not the roomTho wearer, not the .garb the plumeOf the falcon, not the barsWnlch kept him from the splendid stars!Loving friends! Be wise and dryt Straightaway every weeping eye:What ye lift upon the bierIs not worth a wistful tear.Tl an empty sea-she- ll one

Out ot which the pearl has gono;The shell Is broken It lies there:The pearl, the all. the soul. Is here.'Tls an earthen Jar whose lidAllah sealed, the while It hidThat treasure of his treasury,A mind that loved him; let It He!Let the shard be earth's once more.Since the gold shines In his store!

AUah. glorious! Allah, good!Now the world Is understood;Now the long, long wonder ends!Tet ye weep, my erring friends.While the one whom ye call deadIn unbroken blls', lnstcid.Lives and loves you; lost, 'tis true.By such light as shines for you;But In the light ye cannot seeOf unfulfilled felicityIn enlarging paradise.Lives a life that never dies.

Farewell, friends! Tet not farewell;Where I am. ye. too, shall dwell.I am gone before your face.A moment's time, a little space:When ye come where I have stepped,Te will wonder why ye wept:To will know, by wise love taught.That here Is all and there Is naught.Weep awhile. If ye arc fainSunshine still must follow rain;Only not at death-f- or death.Now I know. Is that first breathWhich our souls draw when we enterLife which Is of all Ufa center.Be yo certain, all seems love.Viewed from Allah's throne above;Ba ye stout of heart and comeBravely onward to your home I

La Allah, Ilia Allah: yea!Thou love divine 1 Thou lovo alwayt

He that died at Azan gaveThis to those who made his gray.

MASTERPIECES OF LITERATORE-I- X

"Ode on Intimations of Immortality From

Recollections of Early Child-

hood" Wordsworth.

Tsere was a time when meadow, grove andstream.

The earth. and every comma--- eightTo me did seem

Apparell'd In celestial light.The glory and the freshness of a dream.It Is not now as It has been of yore

Turn wheresoe'er I may.By night or day.

The things which I have seen I now can see nsmorel

The rainbow cornea and goes.And lovely Is the rose;The moon doth with delight.

Look round her when the heaens are bar;Waters on a starry nightAre beaut'ful and fair;

The sunshine Is a glorious birth;But yet I know, where'er I go.

That there hath pass'd away a glory from, theearth.

Now, while the birds thus sing a Joyous socg.And while the young lambs bound

As to the tabor's sound.To me alone there came a thought ot grief:A timely utterance gave that thought relief.

And I again am strong.The cataracts blow their trumpets from the

eteepNo moro shall grief of mine the season wrong;I hear the echoes through the mountains throng.The winds come to me from the fields of sleep.

And all the earth Is gay;Land and sea

Give themselves up to Jollity,And with the heart of May

Doth every beast keep holidayThou child ot Joy

Shout round me. let me hear thy shouts, thouhappy Shepherd boy!

Te blessed creatures, I have beard the callTe to each other make: I see

The heavens laugh with you In jour Jubilee;My heart Is at your festival.My head hath Its coronal.

The rullness of your bllw. I feel I feel It all.0 evil day! It I were sullenWhile Earth herself Is adorning

This sweet May morning:And the children are pulUng

On every sidern a thousand valleys far and wideFresh flowers; while the sun sblncn

warmAnd the babe leaps up on his mother's arm

1 hear. I hear, with Joy I hear!Uut there's a tree, of many. one.

A single field which I haTe look'd upon.Both ot them ppeak of something that Is gone;

The Tansy at my feetDoth the same tale repeat;

Whither Is Bed the visionary gleam?Where Is It now. the glory and the dream?

Our birth Is but a sleep and a forgetting;The Soul that rises with us. our life's Star,

Hath had its settingAnd cometh from afar:

Not In entire forgetfulne-- 3

And not In utter nakedne-- o

But trailing clouds of glory do we cornsFrom God, who la our home;

Heaven lies about us In our infancy!Shades of the prlson-hous- s begin to close

Upon the growing boy.But he beholds the light, and whence It flows.

He sees It in his Joy;The youth, who dally farther from the eas

iTust tra-e- l. still is Nature's priest.And by the vision splendidIn on his way attended;

At lenrth the man perceives It die away.And fade Into the light of common day.

Behold tho Child amorg hr new-bor- n blisses,A six years' darling of a pigmy size!See. where "mid work of his own hand he lies.Fretted by sallies of his mother's ktsnes.With light upon him from hts father's eyes!See. at his feet, some little plan or chart.Some fragment from his dream of human ed

by hlm-e- lf with ccwly-leame- d art;A wedding or a festival.A mourning or a funeral;

And this hath now his heart.And unto this be frames his song;

Then will he fit his tongueTo dialogues of business, loe or strife;

But it will not be longEre this be thrown aside.- -

And with new Joy and prideThe little actor cons another part;Filling from tlmo to time his "humorous

stage"With all the Pertons, down to pals!d Age.That Life brings with her In her equipage;

As If his whole vocaUonWere endless Imitation.

Thou, whose exterior semblance doth belleThy soul's Immensity;

Thou best philosopher, who yet dost keepThy heritage, thou eye among the blind.That, deaf and silent, read'st the eternal deep.Haunted for ever by the eternal Mind-Mi- ghty

Prophet! Seer blest!On whom those truths do rest

Which we are tolling all our llvs to find;Thou, oer whom, thy ImmortalityBroods like the day. a master o'er a slave.A presence which Is not to be put by:Thou little child. et glorious In the mightOf heaven-bor- n freedom on thy being height.Why with such earnest pains dost thou provokeThe years to bring the inevitable yoke.Thus blindly with thy bktwdness at strife?Full soon thy soul shall have her early freight.And custom He upon thee with a weightHeavy as frost, and deep almost as life!

O Joy! that in our emt-- rs

Is something that doth live.That Nature jet remembersWhat was so fugitive!

Tlip thought of our past years In me doth breedPerpetual benediction; not indeedFor that which Is most worthy to be blest.Delight and liberty, the simple creedOf childhood, whether busy or at rest.With hope still fluttering la hla

breast:Not for theie I rake

The song of thanks and praise;But for those obstinate questioningsOf and outward things.Fallings from us. vanlshinss.Blank misgivings of ft cloture

Moving about in worlds not .realized.High instincts, before which our raortal natureDid tremble like a guilty thing surprised;

But for those first affections.Thcve shadowy recollections.

Which, be ther what they may.Are yet the fountain-lig- of all our day.Are jet a master-lig- of all our seeing:

Uphold us cherish and have power tomake

Our noisy years em moments in the beingOf the eternal silence; truth that wake.

To perl-- h never:Which neither Hstlessness nor mad endeavour

Nor man nor boy.Nor all that Is at enmity with Joy,Can utterly abolish or destroy!

Hence. In a neason of calm weatherThough inland far we be.

Our souls have sight of that Immortal seaWhich brought. u-- hither:

Can in a moment travel thitherAnd see the children sport upon the shore.And hear the mighty waters rolling evermcre.Then, sing je birds, sing, sing a Joyous song! --

And let the young lambs boundAs to the tabor's sound!

We. In thought, will Join jour throngTe that pipe and ye that play,

Te that through your hearts todayFeel the gladn-- s ot the May!

What though the radiance which was once sobright

Be now forever taken from my sight.Though nothing can bring back the hour

Of splendor In the grass, of glory in the flower;We will grieve not. rather AndStrength in what remains behind.In the primal sympathyWhich having been must ever be.In the soothing thoughts that springOut of human suffering.In the faith that looks through death.

In year that bring the philosophic mind.

And O, ye Fountains. Meadows. Hills cn4Groves,

Forbode not any severing of our loveatTet In my heart of hearts I feel your mlght;'i only have relinquished cne delightTo live bereath jour more habitual sway;I love the brooks which down their channeta

fretEvn more than when I'trippM lightly as they;The Innocent brightness ot a new-bor- n day

Is lovely yet;The clouds that gather round the setting suTo take a sober colouring from an eyeThat hath kept watch o'er man's mortality;Another race hath been, and oth-- r palms are

won.Thanks to the human heart by which we live.Thanks to Its tenderness. Its Joys, and fears.To me the meanest flower that blows can giveThoughts that do often He too deep for teaia.