THE RENAISSANCE
• Renaissance- means rebirth, revival in art, literature, science, politics, economy, medicine
Southern RenaissanceHappened in Italy
(cities of Milan, Florence, Venice, Genoa)
Trading centers, wealthy
Wealthy business men spent $ on arts and education
The Medici of FlorenceCity-states were independent
Merchants- rich, involved in politics, earned status w/ success
The Medici family- wealthy & powerful in Florence
Lorenzo the Magnificent
New Education• Humanism- focuses on individual potential
and accomplishments, less emphasis on the church, more individual creativity
• The Humanities- subjects like history, poetry, philosophy, rhetoric
“Renaissance Man” master of many subjects and talents (writer, artist, musician and athlete)
“Renaissance Woman” studied many subjects, mostly in private, women were to inspire art, not create it
Renaissance Art• painted in realistic view, religious subjects,
portraits• Perspective- gives 3-D look
Leonardo da Vinci
A realist- studied music, botany, architecture, anatomy (dead bodies to improve his painting), drew early flying machines and submarines
THE MONA LISA
Mona Lisa
The Last Supper
Vitruvian Man
Da Vinci Flying Machine
MichelangeloSculptor, painter, engineer,
architect, poet
Statue of David (18’) w/ Greek influence
Sistine Chapel ceiling (took 4 yrs)
Designed dome on St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome
Dome of St Peter's - 1564
RaphaelStudied da Vinci and
Michelangelo
Painted the Madonna (Mary) w/ Child (Jesus)
Painted walls in the Vatican
Renaissance LiteratureWritten in the vernacular (not
Latin), individual ideas, Many “How To” books
The Book of the Courtier Baldassare Castiglione- How to be a Renaissance Man well-mannered, master of many subjects, educated, athletic
The Prince - Machiavelli- guide to success in politics (lie, cheat, steal vs. honesty & integrity)
“...it is far better to be feared than loved if you cannot be both.”
NORTHERN RENAISSANCE
NORTHERN RENAISSANCEDeveloped later than in Italy-
recovering from the plague and Hundred Years war
Began in the Flanders Region (N. France, Belgium, Netherlands)
Northern Renaissance Art
Jan and Hubert Van Eyck- oil paints, scenes of daily life, religion
Pieter Brueghel- vivid color, commoners
Albrecht Durer- (German) engravings on plates to make prints, art now available
NORTHERN RENAISSANCE WRITINGDesiderius Erasmus- Dutch,
translated the Bible to the vernacular, wrote about church corruption
Thomas More- England, wrote Utopia, about an ideal society (no greed, crime, corruption or war)
William Shakespeare
English poet & playwrightwrote 37 plays b/t 1590-1613, comedies,
tragedies and historical plays (A Midsummer’s Night Dream, Macbeth, Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Julius Caesar),
often dealt with human flaws & errorsover 1700 words appear for the 1st time
(bedroom, lonely, hurry, sneak, etc.)
Miguel de CervantesSpain- wrote “Don Quixote”parody of chivalry
Printing RevolutionJohann Gutenberg (German)1st printing press
First edition Bible in 1456
By 1500- 20 million books printed in Europe, all subjects, ideas spread, books affordable
Bible read and interpreted by many who wanted religious reform
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