The Portuguese PilotLicensed Shared Access (LSA)
José Pedro Borrego
Lisbon, May 19th, 2021
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Framework and objectives of the
Portuguese study on LSA
José Pedro BorregoANACOM
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Drivers to Promote this Study
• To get fundamental know-how and experience, in advance, to prepare (or
not) the introduction of a new paradigm of spectrum sharing – the LSA model –
which was not yet “commercially” introduced.
• The necessity of defining specific conditions and restrictions to be applied to
the Portuguese reality.
• Some particular technological issues have not been tested in other European
LSA pilots, which should be thoroughly investigated (and developed from
scratch).
• The European Commission has shown a strong interest in following the
progress and taking note on the results of projects in this field, to be carried
out in the Member States.
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Differentiate Factors
• Automatic interaction between the incumbent user and the LSA database,
using a dedicated hardware device (LSA Warner), which operates
transparently.
• Introduction of enhanced redundant mechanisms to protect the incumbent user,
by adopting automatic spectrum sensing techniques.
• Optimisation of exclusion areas and sharing/utilisation time of this band,
through dedicated hardware, developed during the course of this project.
• Reinforced protection against interference, not only based on estimations or
calculations produced by computational tools or simulators, but also with the
feedback of sensing devices (monitoring activity and measurements acquired in
the field, in real-time).
• Development of a technological solution which should be minimally
intrusive, adapted to the national reality, to minimise the impact of a possible
introduction of an LSA model in Portugal.
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Strategic Aspects
• The involvement of industry partners (manufacturers), TV broadcasters and
communication service providers (mobile operators) enable important
synergies to design real scenarios, to be tested, and an appropriate integration
and interoperability of technologies, solutions and devices.
• Contribution to the qualification of the Portuguese industry, broadcasters,
mobile operators, R&D units and the regulator, with knowledge and critical
capacity to propose alternative solutions of spectrum sharing and, at the same
time, to be updated on the trends and state-of-the-art in this area.
• Validation of a technological solution developed in Portugal, under real
assumptions and test scenarios, suitable for international demonstration.
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Partnership
Mobile Operators TV Broadcasters
Industry/Manufacturers R&D/Academia
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The 2,3-2,4 GHz band in Portugal
Their Licenses grant the right of using the
allocated spectrum
• Anytime
• Anywhere (within the country)
• Without previous or additional requests
(before using the spectrum)
f (MHz)2300 2330 2360 2390
SAP/SAB (Service Ancillary to Programme making / Services Ancillary to Broadcasting)
30 MHz
Incumbent Services
Some Underused Spectrum
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How to optimise this spectrum utilisation
• To optimise this spectrum utilisation, without compromising the
incumbent services, it would be very interesting and useful to
identify:
• Where
• When
• Better, if this could be done automatically and transparently to the
user
• LSA Warner
• Geo-location
• Spectrum sensing and detection
• Connection with the LSA Controller
Incumbent services are being used
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Conceptual Network Diagram
PM
SE In
cum
bent
Video
Link
(2,3
– 2
,4 G
Hz)
PMSE Incumbent
Outside Broadcasting Unit
Satellite News
Gathering Unit
PMSE Incumbent
TV Camera
Video Link
LSA Warner
Sensing and
Control
GPS
LSA
Operator 1
LTE TDD
e-Node B
LSA
Operator 2
LTE TDD
e-Node BUE
UE
UE
UE
LSA Mobile UL/DL
(2,3 – 2,4 GHz)
LSA Mobile UL/DL
(2,3 – 2,4 GHz)
LSA
Repository
NRA
3G/4G Gateway
PMSE Incumbent
Client Interface
LSA 3
LSA 2
LSA x
3G/4G
Connection
LSA
Controller 1
LSA Licensee 1
LSA Licensee 2
LSA
Controller 2
LSA 1
LSA 1
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Field Trial and Complementary Tests
• Design of a test-bed environment capable of reproducing, under realistic conditions, the
operation of an LSA network, in the 2.3 - 2.4 GHz band, according to the national
regulatory “reality”.
• Performance tests using SAP/SAB video links and the LTE-TDD mobile network,
operating according to the LSA concept, under assessment, taking into account:
• Interference analysis (field measurements should be carried out)
• QoS evaluation for both incumbent (video links) and mobile (LTE-TDD)
technologies:
• SNR degradation
• Evacuation and recovery time (“time to react to a request from an incumbent”)
• characterisation of the indoor and outdoor coverage provided by the mobile
network
• Final Report with the main conclusions and recommendations for the implementation
(or not) of an LSA solution in Portugal.
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Final Report
https://www.anacom.pt/render.jsp?contentId=1636571&languageId=1
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Field Trials
José Pedro BorregoANACOM
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Field Trial – Pilot Network
PM
SE In
cum
bent
Video
Link
(2,3
– 2
,4 G
Hz)
PMSE Incumbent
TV Camera
Video Link Transmitter
LSA Warner
Sensing and
Control
GPS
LSA
Operator 1
LTE TDD
e-Node B
LSA
Operator 2
LTE TDD
e-Node B
UE
UE
LSA Mobile UL/DL
(2,3 – 2,4 GHz)
LSA
Repository
3G/4G Gateway LSA x
3G/4G
Connection
LSA
Controller 1
LSA Licensee 1
LSA Licensee 2
LSA 1
PMSE Incumbent
Video Link Receiver
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LSA Warner - Prototype
Power Detector
Final Prototype
GPS &
Communications
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LSA Warner Prototype
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Testbed Core Network
PoP
Aveiro
IT Aveiro
eNodeB 4G
EPC
TPL
Netact
TPL
VLAN 521
VLAN 520
Fibra Escura P2P
FO P2P
VM App
Fairspectrum
Public
Net Fairspectrum
Server
Partilha de espectro
PMSE → Mobile
Band 40 (2.3-2.4GHz)
Public
Net
CORE TEST-PLANT
NOS core network testing environment
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Huawei e-NodeB
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Nokia e-NodeB
Nokia Flexi Zone Micro small cell
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Video Link - Vislink
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Video Link Setup
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Testing Plan
Sub-zone Characteristics of location
Z1 Around 70 metres from the NOS eNodeB, with line of sight.
Z2 Around 80 metres from the NOS eNodeB, without line of sight.
Z3 In the proximity (2 metres away) from the NOS eNodeB (with line of sight).
Z4 Around 70 metres from the NOS eNodeB, inside the IT building (without line of sight).
Z5 Around 400 metres from the NOS eNodeB, without line of sight, and around 100 metres from the MEO eNodeB with line of sight.
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Testing Plan
Test # Freq. Config.
Sub-zone
Test Description PMSE TX
PMSE RX
eNodeB LTE
Warner LSA
1 C1 Z2 Z1 NOS Z3
Z1 Overall functioning of the LSA control system
2 C2 Z2 Z1 NOS Z3
Z1 Compatibility Test between PMSE and LTE Signals Power levels received from both PMSE signals [RTP and TVI] lower than LTE level [NOS]
3 C2 Z2 Z1 NOS Z3
Z1 Compatibility Test between PMSE and LTE Signals Power level received from PMSE signal [RTP] lower than LTE level [NOS] Power level received from PMSE signal [TVI] similar to LTE level [NOS]
4 C2 Z1 Z1 NOS Z3
Z1 Compatibility Test between PMSE and LTE Signals Power levels received from both PMSE signals [RTP and TVI] higher than LTE level [NOS]
5 C2 Z3 Z1 NOS Z3
Z1 Compatibility Test between PMSE and LTE Signals
Power levels received from both PMSE signals [RTP and TVI] lower than LTE level [NOS] Power
level received from PMSE signal of TVI higher than that of RTP, but slightly lower than that of LTE
6 C3 Z5 Z5 Site
MEO Z5
Test of Warner’s detection capacity in an outdoor environment Power levels received from both PMSE signals [RTP and TVI] higher than LTE level [MEO]
7 C4 Indoor
Z4 Indoor
Z4
NOS Z3
(directed)
Indoor Z4
Test of Warner’s detection capacity in an indoor environment Power levels received from both PMSE signals [RTP and TVI] higher than LTE level [NOS]
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Measurements and Results
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The Project Team
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Main Results and Conclusions
José Pedro BorregoANACOM
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Synopsis of Results
• The system showed stable communication between the Warner and the LSA
controller/repository;
• The Warner successfully detected the existence of the LTE signal
transmitted by the NOS eNodeB, even with the overlapping digital video signal
of the PMSE system;
• The LSA controller was also successful in deactivating the LTE signal
transmitted by the eNodeB, so that the PMSE system could use the same
shared spectrum;
• Detection and actuation time ~50 seconds (evacuation time).
• Re-establishment time ~50 seconds (recovery time);
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Main Conclusions
• The LSA concept was proven, and the LSA Warner functioned
successfully, allowing the deployment of basic features that can enable the
introduction of the LSA model, tailored to the scenario of spectrum use in the 2.3
– 2.4 GHz band in Portugal;
• The LSA Warner detected LTE TDD signals and activated control
mechanisms, responding as desired to the LTE e-NodeB.
• From a technology standpoint, and based on the pilot tests conducted in
Portugal, we were able to validate the LSA concept and enable sharing of the
spectrum, in the 2.3 – 2.4 GHz band, without further constraints on the
conditions considered.
• These results are highly relevant to the future of spectrum management,
opening the door to other studies of similar importance to supplement this one,
not only to refine certain technical aspects that can be improved, duly identified,
but also to shape a legal and regulatory framework to lay the groundwork for the
introduction of the LSA model.
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