1
2
CONTENTS
Project Brief 1
Page
1. Introduction. 1-4
1.1. Study area.
1.2. Objectives of the Present Study.
1.3. Methodology of the Present Study.
2
4
4
2. Indigenous Medicinal Plants of Manipur. 5-7
1.1. Rare and Endangered Medicinal Plants of Manipur.
1.2. Significance of Indigenous Medicinal Plants as Folk Medicine of
Manipur.
1.3. Need for Conservation of Medicinal Plants of Manipur.
5
7
7
3. Identification of Medicinal Plants: Their Uses and Economic Valuation, 8-26
1.1. Fruit-bearing Medicinal Plants.
1.2. Herbs.
1.3. Shrubs.
8-18
19-22
23-26
4. Summary and Conclusion 27-29
Appendix
References.
28
29
3
PROJECT BRIEF
1. Title of the Project : ‘’Economic Valuation of Medicinal Plants of
Manipur. A Case Study of Mini Ecological Park
and Eco-Garden, W. Manihar Memorial, Nambol
Higher Secondary School, Nambol’’
2. Principal Investigator and Address : Dr. Arambam Sanatomba Singh,
Teacher-in –Charge W.Manihar Memorial
Nambol, Hr. Secondary, Nambol,
Bishnupur District, Manipur: 795134
3. Investigation Team: :
SL. No. Name of the Students Designation Classes Stream Roll No.
1. Sh.Santosh Singh, Team Leader XI SC 25
2. A. Premkumar Meitei Co-Team Leader IX SC 37
3. O. Susilkumar Singh Co-Team Leader IX ARTS 23
4. O. Premjit singh Co-Team Leader IX ARTS 37
5. Ch. Indrakumar Singh Co-Team Leader XI SC 97
6. R.K. Yaikhomba Singh Co-Team Leader IX SC 113
7. Kh. Ajoy Singh Co-Team Leader IX SC 16
8. I. Bandana Devi Co-Team Leader IX ARTS 35
4. Duration of the project : One year (The 31st December, 2011 to 31st Dec. 2012)
5. Date of submission : 31st December 2012
4
CHAPTER - 1
Introduction:
Manipur State is a tiny hilly State which falls in the North East Region of India. It is
one of the 12 mega biodiversity rich zones of the world and forms a distinct part of Indo-
Myanmar hotspot that ranks the 6th among the 34 biodiversity hotspots. The State is
involved with a vast forest cover of 17,090 sq.km which is 76.54% of the State’s total
geographical area of 22,327 sq.km. In terms of forest canopy density classes, the State
have 730 sq.km areas under very dense forest, 6,151sq.km area under open forests (GOI:
India State of Forest Report 2011, p.177). The State has ten forest types as per Champion
7 Seth Classification System (1968) belonging to forest type groups, via. Tropical Semi-
Evergreen, Tropical Moist Deciduous, Sub-Tropical Broad leaved Hill, Sub-Tropical Pine
and Montane Wet Temperate Forests. In these forest areas a large number of varieties of
medicinal plants including fruit-bearing trees, grasses, herbs and shrubs grown
abundantly. Many of the ethnic people and tribal living in the remote forest areas used a
variety of indigenous medicinal plants as their folk medicine since time immemorial. The
indigenous medicinal plants of Manipur play a vital role in making of traditional remedies
of various diseases in the absence of medical facilities specially in the remote rural areas.
So far, about 1200 medicinal plants have been reported by S.C. Sinha (1996) and
local medicinal user about 430 species and animals including birds, fisher, insects, etc.
have been reported and used by Maibas-Maibis in making traditional remedies used by
them for treatment of patients.
1.1 Study Area:
The study area of the present study is in and around the Mini Ecological Park and Eco-
Garden which were set up as a Project Activity of the W. Maihar Memorial
This Mini Ecological Park was constructed by the Team on 21st January, 2005 with
the objective of conserving local flora and fauna. This Mini Ecological Park though very
small hosts a variety of Medicinal plants and local flora. This park is serving as a facility
for the teachers to teach students about the local flora, their utilities as traditional folk
5
medicine and its economic importance and conservation linked to their curriculum. But this
Mini Ecological Park was underwent beneath the newly constructed three storied school
building sponsored by the Department of School Education in the year 2007 in order to
bring about the school to the status of a model School. The present Mini Ecological Park
was reconstructed simultaneously with one Eco-Garden where the various medicinal plants
and local flora were replanted in the year 2008. Now the School has a full fledge Mini
Ecological Park spreading over an area of 40,000 square feet and a small Eco-Garden
spreading over an area of 1932 square feet. With a concerted effort the Team planted a
variety of medicinal plants, fruit-bearing trees, various local seasonal flowering plants.
Now these Mini Ecological Park and Eco-Garden became a centre to teach students about
the importance and uses of medicinal plants to the students and their role in conservation
linked to their curriculum. With this end in view, these Mini Ecological Park and Eco-
Garden are chosen as study area of the present study.
6
1.2 Objectives of the Present Study:
The present study is based on the following objectives:-
(i) To make aware the student about the importance of the medicinal plants and the
need for conservation;
(ii) To identify the different uses of medicinal plants growing inside the Mini
Ecological Park and Eco-Garden and to understand their medicinal value; and
(iii) To make an assessment of economic valuation of various indigenous medicinal
plants grown in and around the Mini Ecological Park and Eco-Garden.
1.3. Methodology of the present study:
The presents study is based on the following methodology:
(i) Identification and the selection of medicinal plants which were commonly used by
the local people as folk medicine;
(ii) Documentation of information about the local name, English name, scientific
name, part of the plant use, name of disease to be treated, how the part is used
and finally the economic valuation based on the prevailing market price.
7
CHAPTER-2
INDIGENOUS MEDICINAL PLANTS OF MANIPUR:
2.1. Rare and Endangered Species of Medicinal Plants:
A variety of indigenous medicinal plants are grown in all the four valley and five hill
districts of Manipur. The distribution of some of the important indigenous medicinal plants
of Manipur are given below:
SL. No.
Scientific Name Local Name Family Name of District Where Grown
Parts Used for Medical Treatment
1. Acacia Catechu wild Kabo katha Leguminoseae Hilly dist. Bark. Wood Deposits
2. Aconitum heterophyllum wall.
Atis, Bih Ranunculacae Tamenglong Dist.
Root
3. Acorus Calamus Linn.
Ok-hidak Araceae Valley Dist. Leaf Root
4. Adinatum Venastum G. Don.
Laichang Khenun
Araceae Chandel Dist. Whole plant
5. Aloe barbadensis Mill
Ghritakumar Liliaceae Vallley Dist. Leaves
6. Ananas Cosmosus Mill
Kekru Bromeliaceae All Dist. Fruit
7. Aquillaria agallocha Roxb.
Agar Thymalaceae Chandel, CCpur Dist.
Wood
8. Bamboo species Waa Poaceae All Dist. Youg shoot 9. Chinamomum Spp. Louraceae Hill Dist. Leaf bark 10. Clerodendrum Spp. Verbanaceae All Dist. Leaf 11. Coptisteeta wall Teeta Pananculaceae Senapati,
Ukhrul, Tamenglong
12. Costus speciosus Sm. Okchak-khombi
Zinziberaceae All Dist. Rhizome
13. Dioscorea ssp. Haa Dioscorceae All Dist. Tuber 14. Euphorbia spp. Euphorbiaceae All Dist. Leaf. Fruit 15. Eurayle ferox Salisb Thangjing Nympheaceae Valley Dist. Fruit 16. Goniothalanus
Sesquipedalis Hook & Thomas
Leikham Annonaceae Hill & Valley Dist.
Leaves
17. Hedyotis auricular linn
Rubiaceae All Dist
18. Kaempferia rotunda linn
Yai-thamna manbi
Zinziberaceae Snapati Dist Rhyzome
19. Lemania australis Nungsham Rhodophyceae Chandel Dist. Whole plant
8
SL. No.
Scientific Name Local Name Family Name of District Where Grown
Parts Used for Medical Treatment
20. Lisea cebifera ers. Thang-Hidak Louraceae All Dist. Leaf, fruit 21. Melanorrhoea Usitata
wall Khe-U Myrtacceae Chandel Dist Bark
22. Melothria Maderaspatana (Linn) Cogn.
Lam-thabi Cucurbitaceae All Dist. Whole plant
23. Meyna Spiniosa Robyns
Heibi Rubiaceae All Dist Leaf, fruit
24. Mohonia U-napu Paplionaceae Hill Dist. Bark 25. Panax Pseudoginseng
wall Ginseng Araceae Ukhrul, Senapati Root
26. Picorhza Kurroa Benth
Kutki Scrophulariaceae Ukhrul, Senapati Dist
Rhizone
27. Piper longam linn. Piperaceae Tamenglong, Chandel, Ukhrl, Senapati, CCpur Dist.
28. Pleetranthus ternifolia D. Don
Khoiju Lamiaceae Hill & Valley Dist.
Leaves, Inflorescence
29. Podophyllum hexandrum Royle
Berbcridaceae Ukhrul, Senapati Dist.
Rhizome
30. Rauvolfia serpentine Benth.ex.Kurz.
Sarpagandha Apocynaceae Tamenglong, Senapati, Ukhrul Dist.
Root
31. Rheum emodi wall. Revatchini Polygonaceae Senapati, Ukhrul, Chandel Dist.
Rhizome
32. Rhododendron arboretum S.
- Ericaceae Senapati, Ukhrul Dist.
Young leaves, petals
33. Santalum album linn. Cha Chandon Santalaceae Valley and Hill Dists.
Wood
34. Smilex aspera linn. Kwa-manbi Liliaceae Chandel, tamenglong, Senapati, C.C. pur, Thoubal, Imphal Dist.
-
35. Strychnoxnus vomica linn.
Kuchila Loganiaceae Hil Dist. Leaf, Bark, Root.
36. Swetia Chirata Buch Chireta Gentinanceae Ukhrul, Tamenglong, Chandel, Imphal Dist.
37. Taxus baccata linn. Taxus Teepi Taxaceae Ukhril dist. Bark. Leaf, fruit
38. T. Chebula Retz. Manahi Combretaceae All Dist. Fruit
9
SL. No.
Scientific Name Local Name Family Name of District Where Grown
Parts Used for Medical Treatment
39. Thalictrum foliolosum DC.
Umang peruk Ranun cilaceae Senapati, Ukhrul Dist.
Root
40. Tinospora Cordifolia (wild) Miers
Ningthou Khongli
Menispermaceae All Dsit. Stem, Bark
41. Zanthxylum alatum Roxb
Mukthrubi All Dist Leaf, fruit
42. Zizania Latifolia Griseb. Turcz
Ishing-Kangbong
Poaceae Valley Dist. Gall
2.2 Significance of Indigenous Plants as Folk Medicine:
In the State of Manipur only 20% of the total population who are resided in the
urban area are getting medical facilities whereas the rest 80% those who are resided in the
interior hilly and rural areas are still following the Traditional System of Medicines (TSM)
prepared by the Maibas (Male-healers) and Maibis (Female-healers). Local people both in
rural as well as in urban areas used medicinal plants for treatment of various diseases over
and above the folk medicine prepared by the Maibas-Maibis. These people not only used
medicinal plants but also animal organs and inorganic materials like ores, crystals etc. This
folk heath practices has been carried forward by word of mouth transferring from one
generation to another since time immemorial by the people of Manipur. This practice has
been continued and still in vogue. Thus medicinal plants have a great significance in health
care as well as the economic upliftment of the rural people of Manipur.
2.3 Need for Conservation of Indigenous Medicinal plants of Manipur.
More than 70% of the total population of the State depends on folk medicine of
Manipur still today despite the medical facilities provided. Due to increasing use of folk
medicine by the local people as well as the traditional healer by the Maibas-Maibis, there
has been rapid decrease in the growth of indigenous medicinal plants of Manipur. It has
also reported that some business man not only exploited the medicinal plants but also
exported to outside State. This will also impacted on the growth of medicinal plants of
Manipur. There is also lack of awareness among the local people about conservation
methods and Agro-tech of plantation of such a valuable medicinal plants of Manipur. Most
of the users overexploited the medicinal plants recklessly without regeneration. Some of
the rare and endangered medicinal plants found in Manipur are under the red list. Hence it
10
is a dire necessity to conserve the existing indigenous medicinal plants by way of
plantation for the future regeneration.
CHAPTER-3
Identification of Medicinal Plants: Their Uses and Economic Valuation
3.1. Fruit Bearing Trees:
The following are the commonly used medicinal Plants identified for the present study:
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine
1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri
: Ashok
2. Common/English Name : Ashoka Tree
3. Scientific Name : Saraca indica
4. Part of the plant used : Bark, Flower
5. Name of the disease to be
treated
: Dysentery, Diabetes, lekcorrhoea, internal
haemorhoides, blod dysentery,
gynoocological complaint.
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 50-100 per kg.
Saraca Ashoka (Ashoka tree)
11
Photograph of Medicinal plants:
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Bokul
2. Common/English Name : Spanish Cherry 3. Scientific Name : Mimusops Elengi linn 4. Part of the plant used : Bark, Leaf and Seeds 5. Name of the disease to be
treated : Dysentery, Constipation.
6. Economic valuation : Freely used by local people grown in their own homestead.
Mimusops elengi linn (Bokul)
12
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Heijang
2. Common/English Name : Lemon 3. Scientific Name : Citrus medica linn 4. Part of the plant used : Cover of fruit and fruit juice for making lemon
oil, citric acide, Peeten, squash, lemonade. 5. Name of the disease to be
treated : Management of Constipation.
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 80- 120 per Kg. (fruit)
Citrus medica linn (Heijang)
13
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Heikru
2. Common/English Name : Indian goose berry 3. Scientific Name : Phyllanthus emblica linn. 4. Part of the plant used : Fruit juice. 5. Name of the disease to be
treated : Dysentery, diarrhoea, haemorrage, annema,
jaundice, Cough, bronchitis and eye disease 6. Economic valuation : Rs. 50- 100 per kg. (fruit)
Indian goose berry (Heikru)
14
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Yongchak
2. Common/English Name : Tree bean 3. Scientific Name : Parkia Roxburghii 4. Part of the plant used : i. Pods are used in bleeding piles.
ii. Bark extract given in diaarrhoea and dysentery. iii. Pods and seeds in stomach disorders. iv. Bark and leaves used for making lotion applied to sores and skin affections.
5. Name of the disease to be treated
: diaarrhoea and dysentery, stomach disorders and sores and skin affections
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 300- 500 per Kg. (fruit)
Parkia Roxburghii (Yongchak)
15
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Heiri Khagok
2. Common/English Name : Bael tree 3. Scientific Name : Aegle marmelos (L) Cors 4. Part of the plant used : i. Pulp of roasted green and ripe fruit used in
chronic stomach disorders. ii. fruit is laxative , astringent, digestive and stomachic. iii. Tender leaves are eaten to check diabetes.
5. Name of the disease to be treated
: chronic stomach disorders, digestive and stomachic, diabetes.
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 200- 300 per Kg. (fruit)
Aegle marmelos (L) Cors (Heiri Khagok)
16
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Heirangkhoi
2. Common/English Name : 3. Scientific Name : Amoora rohitka W & Arn. 4. Part of the plant used : Bark is astringent used in Spleen, lives diseases
and abdominal complaints. 5. Name of the disease to be
treated : Spleen, lives diseases and abdominal complaints.
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 500- 1000 per Kg. (fruit)
Amoora rohitka W & Arn. (Heirangkhoi)
17
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Neem
2. Common/English Name : Margosa tree 3. Scientific Name : Azadirachta indica A. juss 4. Part of the plant used : i. leave are antiviral, used in pox.
ii. seed oil applied to skin diseases. iii. leaves boiled or fried used as antidotes to stomach diseases.
5. Name of the disease to be treated
: pox , skin diseases, stomach diseases
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 100- 200 per Kg. (leaves)
Azadirachta indica A. juss (Neem)
18
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Gihori
2. Common/English Name : Star goose bery 3. Scientific Name : Phyllanthus acidus (L) skeen 4. Part of the plant used : i. leave are edible.
ii. Bark is used as tan. 5. Name of the disease to be
treated :
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 50- 100 per Kg. (fruit)
Phyllanthus acidus (L) skeen (Gihori)
19
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Mange
2. Common/English Name : Tamarindus indica linn 3. Scientific Name : Tamarind 4. Part of the plant used : i. Roasted pulp of unripe fruit applied to swelling
due to sprain. ii. pulp mixed with water used in caugh and cold iii. pulp with banana and milk given in dysentery.
5. Name of the disease to be treated
: caugh and cold, dysentery
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 70- 80 per Kg. (roasted fruit)
Tamarindus indica linn (Mange)
20
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Chorphon
2. Common/English Name : Olive 3. Scientific Name : Elaeocarpus Floribundus Blume 4. Part of the plant used : i. Fruits are antiseptic.
ii. Infusion of bark and leaves are used as mouth wash in inflamed gum.
5. Name of the disease to be treated
: inflamed gum.
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 100- 150 per Kg. (fruit)
Elaeocarpus Floribundus Blume (Chorphon)
21
3.2. Herbs: Various types of herbs are grown abundantly inside the Mini Ecological Park and Eco-Garden. Some of the commonly used herbs are given in following photograph:
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Ghritakumar
2. Common/English Name : Indian aloe 3. Scientific Name : Aloe barbadensis Mill 4. Part of the plant used : i. Leaf extract mixed with sugar is given in
dysentery. ii. fresh juice is cooling and useful in fever, spleen and liver diseases. iii. Pulp of leaves applied to boils.
5. Name of the disease to be treated
: Dysentery and liver diseases
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 5- 10 per plant.
Aloe barbadensis Mill (Ghritakumar)
22
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Khujang
2. Common/English Name : Balsam 3. Scientific Name : Impatiens balsamina linn 4. Part of the plant used : i. Flower are tonic and applied to burns and stop
bleeding in the broken claws. 5. Name of the disease to be
treated :
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 100- 200 per Kg. (flower)
Impatiens balsamina linn (Khujang)
23
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Kihom
2. Common/English Name : Pineapple 3. Scientific Name : Ananus comosus (L) Merr 4. Part of the plant used : i. Smashed tender leaf portion and extract Mixed
with sugar or honey used for eradication of worms.
5. Name of the disease to be treated
: Worms.
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 50- 100 per Kg. (fruit)
Ananus comosus (L) Merr. (Kihom)
24
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Yai-ngang
2. Common/English Name : Turmeric 3. Scientific Name : Curcuma caesia Roxb.
4. Part of the plant used : i. Rhizomes are aromatic tonic, stimulant, blood
purifier, carminative, externally applied to sprains and wounds. ii. Fresh juice used as antiparasitic for skin affections. iii. pulp with banana and milk given in dysentery.
5. Name of the disease to be treated
: Skin diseases
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 90- 120 per Kg. (powder of Rhizomes)
Curcuma caesia Roxb. (Yai-ngang)
25
3.3. Shrubs:
The following photographs are the important shrubs found inside the Mini Ecological Park & Eco-garden
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Thaballei
2. Common/English Name : Ningh Jesmin 3. Scientific Name : Cestrum novturnum linn. 4. Part of the plant used : i. Grows as an ornamental for its pragrant flower 5. Name of the disease to be
treated :
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 100- 200 per Kg. (Flower)
Cestrum novturnum linn. (Thaballei)
26
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Tulasi
2. Common/English Name : Holy basil 3. Scientific Name : Ocinum sanctum.
4. Part of the plant used : i. Fresh juice mixed with honeyis used for
management of fever for infants. 5. Name of the disease to be
treated : Fever
6. Economic valuation : Leaves are grown in the home stead and freely used. The dried branches are used for local jewellary (wooden) Rs. 1000-1200 per kg. (Dried branches)
Ocinum sanctum. (Tulasi)
27
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Nungshi-hidak
2. Common/English Name : Mint 3. Scientific Name : Mentha arvensis. 4. Part of the plant used : i. Leaves and stem. 5. Name of the disease to be
treated : diarrhoea
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 50- 100 per Kg. (leaves)
Mentha arvensis. (Nungshi-hidak)
28
Sl. No. Details of Medicinal Plants and Used Folk Medicine 1. Local Name/Regional name in
Manipuri : Phakpai
2. Common/English Name : Smart weed 3. Scientific Name : Polygonum odorratum 4. Part of the plant used : i. Leaves are edible and used for prevention of BP
stroke 5. Name of the disease to be
treated :
6. Economic valuation : Rs. 50- 100 per Kg. (leaves)
Polygonum odorratum (Phakpai)
29
CHAPTER-4
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION:
The wealth of medicinal plants forms an important asset in the flora of the State of
Manipur. So far, about 1200 medicinal plants have been reported by S.C. Sinha (1996) and
local medicinal uses about 430 species have been noted. There are about 80 species of
medicinal plants which are growing inside the Mini Ecological Park and Eco-Garden of the
W. Manihar Memorial, Nambol Higher Secondary School. Of which 30 commonly used
medicinal plants were identified and under the present study. The present study made an
assessment of the selected medicinal plants about their local regional names and scientific
names, part of the plant used, effected the curing which disease and finally estimated the
economic valuation. This study will provide an important source of information about the
economic utilities of medicinal plants of Manipur. The study also observed that there is
need for further study about the economic valuation of the medicinal plants and it is also
imperative to make aware the local people to understand the indispensable role played by
the medicinal plants as an important source of folk medicine. In order to conserve such a
valuable medicinal plants, it is a dire necessity to know the agro-tech for regeneration of
medicinal plants. In this regard the Institute of Bio resources and Sustainable Development,
(IBSD), Imphal and Manipur State Medicinal Plant Board will extend their help. Those
who are keen interest in Medicinal Plants may collect information about the agro-tech from
the Facilitation Centre of the (IBSD), Imphal.
30
APPENDIX-I
Some Common Income Generating Medicinal Plants of Manipur.
Sl. No.
Name of Species Area (Hect.)
Quantity (kg.) Amounts (Rs.)
1. Cephaelis Ipecacuanha 5 Root=400 2,00,000/-
2. Rauwolfia Canescens 15 Root=1010
Stem=1010
2,16,000/-
3. Dioscorea Species 2 Tuber=8000 80,000/-
4. Costus Speciosus 1 Rhizome=2000 6, 000/-
5. Emblica Officinalis 4 Fruit=24000 6, 000/-
6. Terminalia Citrina 4 Fruit=8000 40, 000/-
7. Terminalia Beleriana 4 Fruit=16000 64, 000/-
8. Hydnocarpus Kurzil 2 Fruit=16000 80, 000/-
9. Mentha Arvensis 1 Plant wt=1200 12, 000/-
Total 7,70, 000/-
31
REFERENCES:
GOM (2011) : Local Health Tradition of Manipur, Manipur Biodiversity Board,
Imphal.
GOI (2010) : Young in Green Action: Inspiration Stories from the National
Green Corps.
GOI (2011) : India State of Forests 2011, Ministry of Environment and Forest,
New Delhi.
H.B. Sigh etal : Herbal Medicine of Manipur
P.K. Sinha (2013) : Indigenous Medicinal plants of Manipur with Biotechnological
Significance, paper read in the Two-Days Workshop Cum
Outreach Programme on Biotechnological Potential Nutritional
significance of small Indigenous Fishes and Medicinal Plants of
Manipur on 6th to 7th March, 2013.
S.C. Sinha (1996) : Medicinal plants of Manipur
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