The Hundred Years’ War1337 - 1453
How Did We Get Here? William the Conqueror becomes
King of England in 1066 William held land in both France
and England Also the Duke of Normandy in
France
Why War? English kings
claimed lands in France as their own fiefs
Philip VI of France said that the fiefs were his
1328 What does
this map tell us?
And the war begins… War broke
out in France in 1337
The French vs. The English
French Feudal
army Relied on
knights Wore
heavy armor
Used swords, lances, and crossbows
English Lightly
armored knights, foot soldiers and archers
Used the longbow
The English Won most
early battles The longbow
helped Shot larger
arrows that flew farther, faster, and with greater accuracy
The French The French developed a sense of
national identity. After 1415 the French began
paying common people to fight.
Joan of Arc 17-year-old peasant
girl Claimed to hear the
voices of saints urging her to save France
Led a French army to victory in the Battle of Orleans
Burned at the stake by the English after being captured for heresy
What does this map tell us?
What does this map tell us?
What about Feudalism? The Hundred
Years’ War shifted power from feudal lords to monarchs and common people.
Monarchs raised large professional armies.
Castles become less important as gunpowder use became more common.
Common People Had to pay
heavy taxes and often fight in the army.
Those who survived war were needed as soldiers and workers.
They emerged with greater influence and power.
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