The Holocaust: a great or complete devastation or destruction, especially by fire; any mass slaughter or
reckless destruction of life
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1933-1945Historical Context of The Holocaust
1933-1945
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1933-1945
Anti-Semitism
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1933-1945
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1933-19451933
Hitler becomes Chancellor
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1933-1945March 22, 1933
Dachau Concentration Camp
Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Dachau Gates
1933-1945April 1, 1933
Boycott of Jewish Businesses
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1933-1945May 10, 1933Book Burnings
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1933-1945Night of the Long Knives
June 30, 1934
"If anyone reproaches me and asks why I did not resort to the regular courts of justice, then all I can say is this: In this hour I was responsible for the fate of the German people, and thereby I became the supreme judge of the German people."
"It was no secret that this time the revolution would have to be bloody; when we spoke of it we called it 'The Night of the Long Knives.' Everyone must know for all future time that if he raises his hand to strike the State, then certain death is his lot."
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1933-1945Sept. 10, 1935
Nuremberg Laws
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1933-1945July 1938
Evian Conference
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1933-1945October 1938Deportations
Begin
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1933-1945November 9, 1938
Kristallnacht-“The Night of the Broken Glass”
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1933-1945Sept. 1, 1939WWII Begins:
Blitzkreig:“Lightning War”
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Hitler’s MEIN KAMPF
• “The sole goal of this schooling is to teach them simple arithmetic, nothing above the number 500; writing one’s name; and the doctrine that it is divine law to obey the Germans…I do not think that reading is desirable.”
• --May 1940
Heinrich Himmler on Polish Education
1933-1945October 1939T-4/Euthanasia
Program“Mercy Killing”
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Slide taken from a Nazi propaganda filmstrip, promoting "euthanasia," prepared for the Hitler Youth. The caption says: "Mentally ill Negro (English) 16 years in an institution costing 35,000 RM [Reichsmarks]." __________United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
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1933-1945Summer 1941Killing Squads:Einsatzgruppen
“task forces or intervention groups”
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1933-1945December 7, 1941
Pearl Harbor
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1933-1945January 20, 1942Wannsee
Conference
Reinhard Heydrich, chief of SD (Security) Service
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Hitler’s MEIN KAMPF
The Jews were seen as a problem to be taken care of, and so the solution to the Jewish problem was the code name of the
Final Solution: To exterminate all Jews from the face of the earth. There were even plans to eliminate all Jews in the United States.
The Final Solution
1933-1945Summer 1942Deportations to
camps and killing centers begin
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPF
• Concentration Camps-Jews were selected on arrival to either work or be killed in gas chambers.
• Killing Centers were camps with gas chambers where Jews didn’t go through a selection but were killed right away.
Different Kinds of Camps:
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Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Lodz Ghetto Deportation Station
Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Lodz Ghetto Deportation Station
1933-19451942
Camp Life… and Death
Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Auschwitz I Guard Tower
Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Auschwitz/Birkenau Entrance
Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Auschwitz State Museum
Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Auschwitz State Museum
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Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Auschwitz/Birkenau Gas Chamber
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Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Auschwitz State Museum
Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Auschwitz State Museum
1933-1945December 1944Death Marches
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1933-1945January-May
1945: Liberation
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1933-1945April 30, 1945Death of Hitler
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Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Berlin: Hitler’s Bunker Map
Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Berlin: Above Hitler’s Bunker
1933-1945May 8, 1945Surrender of
Germany
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1933-1945October 18, 1945-October 1, 1946
Nuremberg Trials
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Hitler’s MEIN KAMPF
Guilty: 12- sentenced to death; 3- life imprisonment; four- 10-20 years in prison
Innocent: 3 were acquitted
Nuremberg Trial Convictions
1933-1945November 13-
December 14, 1945Dachau Trials
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPF
Guilty: 40 Nazi war criminals found guilty and sentenced to death by hanging
Innocent: none
Dachau Trial Convictions
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1933-1945May 14, 1948
Israel: A New State
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Hitler’s MEIN KAMPF
6, 000, 000
Number of Jews Murdered:
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPFNumber of Gypsies Murdered:
220, 000
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPFNumber of Handicapped Murdered:
200,000
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPFNumber of Polish People Murdered:
1,900,000
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPFNumber of Soviet Prisoners of War Murdered:
3, 300, 000
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPFNumber of Homosexuals Murdered:
15,000 (estimate only)
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPFNumber of Jehovah’s Witnesses Murdered:
2, 500
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPFNumber of Political Prisoners Murdered:
25,000
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPFNumber of Black Europeans Murdered:
1,000 (estimate)
1933-1945“Only guard yourself and guard your soul carefully, lest you forget the
things your eyes saw, and lest these things depart your heart all the days of your life, and you shall make them known to your children, and to your
children’s children.”Deuteronomy 4:9
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