What You Need to Know
The Great Huge Seemingly
Ever GrowingPoetry Overview
PREVIEW THE SLIDE
BEFORE YOU TAKE
NOTES FROM IT.
NotesSlide’s information;What do I need to write down?The important stuff.
By Mr. Moshé
OR
What is poetry?Poetry is [an] attempt to paint the color of the wind. — Maxwell Bodenheim, poet
. . . the essential use of the language.. . . the most compact form of literature
- in other words, poets express their ideas in as few words as possible.
. . . using a few carefully chosen words to express a range of emotions, tell epic stories, and reveal truths. To say so much, poets use a variety of forms, sound devices, imagery, and figurative language.
Poetry is…
Key Elements of PoetryForm and Structure, Sound, Imagery, Figurative Language
Form/Structure —the way the poem is arranged on the page.
Sound —how the poem sounds when read aloud.
Imagery —words or phrases that appeal to the five senses.
Figurative Language —words or phrases that mean something different than the actual definitions of the words.
The Four Key Elements of Poetry
Form — how the poem looks on the page. Free verse — a poem without a set structure.Structure — different types of poems have
different types of structuresHaiku – 3 lines with line 1 – 5 sylables, line 2 –
7 sylables, line 3 – 5 sylables, limerick, villanelle, or sonnet.
Concrete Poetry — a poem where the words are arranged into a shape.
Sonnet Poetry – 14 lines, couplet at the end
Elements of Form and Structure
Speaker —the voice of the poem, like a narrator in the story. From the title, “Mother to Son,” by Langston Hughes, we can infer that the speaker is a woman, who is speaking to her son.
Stanza —a grouping of lines in a poem, like a paragraph in prose.
Elements of Form and Structure
Near, Half, Close or Imperfect Rhymes sound
similar but not the same.
Rhyme - repetition of sounds.• Near, Half, Close or Imperfect
Rhymes – Rhymes that share EITHER the same vowel or consonant sound BUT NOT BOTH. House and Dose Like and beek abide and kite
End Rhyme - rhymes found at the ends of lines.
Whose woods these are I think I know,His house is in the village, though;He will not see me stopping hereTo watch his woods fill up with snow.
--Robert Frost, “Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening”
Elements of Sound These terms are all the same idea.
SYNONYMS
Internal Rhyme — A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line.
Men swift to see done, and outrun, their extremist commanding—
Of the tribe which describe with a jibe the perversions of Justice—
Panders avowed to the crowd whatsoever its lust is.
--Rudyard Kipling, “The City of Brass”
Elements of Sound
Rhyme Scheme — the pattern of end rhyme in a poem.
Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, A
Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, B
While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, C
As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. B
"'Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door - B
Only this, and nothing more." B
Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December, D
And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. B
Eagerly I wished the morrow; - vainly I had sought to borrow E
From my books surcease of sorrow - sorrow for the lost Lenore - B
For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore - B
Nameless here for evermore. B-- from “The Raven” by Edgar Allan Poe
Elements of Sound
Consonance— repetition of consonant sounds anywhere they occur.
Rap rejects my tape deck, ejects projectile
Whether jew or gentile I rank top percentile.
--The Fugees, “Zealots”
Elements of Sound - Rhymes
CONSONANCE• The repeated consonant sounds can be
anywhere in the words• Similar to alliteration EXCEPT . . .• Alliteration is a special case of consonance where
the repeated consonant sound is at the beginning of each word
• pitt patter• silken, sad, uncertain, rustling . .• lady lounges lazily• dark deep dread crept in• Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled
peppers.• busy batters bat baseballs by bases.
consonance
alliteration
Assonance— repetition of vowel sounds.
I must confess that in my quest I felt depressed and restless.
--Thin Lizzy, “With Love”
Elements of Sound - Rhymes
ASSONANCE
• Repeated VOWEL sounds in a line or lines of poetry.
• Often creates near rhyme.
LakeFate Base Fade (All share the long “a” sound.)
ASSONANCE cont.Examples of ASSONANCE:“Slow the low gradual moan came in the
snowing.”- John Masefield
“Shall ever medicine thee to that sweet sleep.”- William Shakespeare
Meter— the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry.
To swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shells.
--John Keats, “Ode to Autmn”
Elements of Sound
Rhythm— the musical quality produced by the repetition of stressed and unstressed syllable patterns.
Fát bláck búcks ĭn ă wíne-bárrĕl róom
Barrel-house kings, with feet unstable, (Copy this line) Sagged and reeled and pounded on the table, Pounded on the table, Beat an empty barrel with the handle of a broom, Hard as they were able Boom, boom, BOOM, With a silk umbrella and the handle of a broom, Boomlay, boomlay, boomlay, BOOM.
--Vachel Lindsay, “The Congo”
Elements of Sound
1.What types of rhyme are here? Label them.
2.What syllables are STRESSED which are unstressed? Label them.
Men swift to see done, and outrun, their extremist commanding—
Of the tribe which describe with a jibe the perversions of Justice—
Panders avowed to the crowd whatsoever its lust is.
--Rudyard Kipling, “The City of Brass”
Assonant Internal Rhyme
Assonant Internal Rhyme
Assonant Internal Rhyme End Rhyme
Consonant Alliterate Internal Rhyme
Figurative Language is any time words are used in a way that is different from their usual dictionary definition, or literal meaning.
Figurative Language
COPY THESE DOWN, and try to guess what type of figurative language each is an example of.1. I’ve told you that a million
times.2. It cut like a hot knife
through butter.3. You’re skating on thin ice,
pal.4. America is a melting pot.5. The rain kissed my cheeks.6. And then, poof! He was
gone.
Figurative Language
Idiom — a figure of speech, usually slang, when language is used in a non-literal sense.
He passed the exam by the skin of his teeth.
She’s really bringing home the bacon.The two fell in love instantly.I’m laying down the law.
In an idiom, the sum is NOT EQUAL
to its parts.
Figurative Language - IDIOMS
Idiom (A Culturally Specific Expression)
• An expression where the literal meaning of the words is not the meaning of the expression.
• It means something other than what it actually says. • Idioms are phrases and sentences that do not mean
exactly what they say. • Even if you know the meaning of every word, you may
not understand the idiom because you don't understand the culture behind it.
EXAMPLES• It’s raining cats and dogs.• Your barking up the wrong tree.• Dear John letter• He’s down in the dumps.
• I’m broke!• She got cold feet.• Couch potato.
IdiomAn idiom is a
figurative language technique that does not mean what is being said.
Idioms are culturally specific.
What does that mean? ((Hands please))What kinds of problems could arise from this?
IdiomRemember what literal means? This is the opposite.Think about it.
When you tell your hommie “Chill!” are you suggesting s/he walk into a freezer?
No.
The expression “chill,” is an idiom that means: relax, take it easy or don’t worry.
There are tons of idioms. I’m sure you use several all the time, without thinking about it.
Idiom
What figures of speech are in the passages on this
page?
Take it easy.Stay cool.RelaxCalm down or I'll deck you!Please stop because you're distressing me.
Stop as in “ You wanna chill here?
Hang out as in “Yeah, let’s chill here?”
"Chill." can be interpreted as . . .Which of these could also be considered
IDIOMATIC?
Idiom An idiom is a speech form or an expression of a given language that is peculiar to itself grammatically or cannot be understood from the individual meanings of its elements.
IdiomIdioms are known as regional speech, dialect, slang, jargon, or legal idiom.
IdiomDude!
I can’t understand the idiom all by itself. It takes reference.
Idiom — a figure of speech, usually slang, when language is used in a non-literal sense.
He passed the exam by the skin of his teeth.
She’s really bringing home the bacon.
The two fell in love instantly.I’m laying down the law.
Types of Figurative Language
IdiomsMore examples of idioms:Mommy says: “Daddy is a little pigeon toed.”
We were chewing the fat.It’s raining cats and dogs. She’s as sharp as a tack.I wish he would kick the bucket.
Simile — a comparison of two different things using “like” or “as”. Similar – get it.
She was as big as a house.His eyes were round as saucers.
The fog was so thick, it was like driving through soup.
Types of Figurative Language
Simile — a comparison of two seemingly different things using “like”, “as” and other comparative language structures.
Similes tell us that two things are Similar in some way.She was as big as a house.His eyes were round as saucers.The fog was so thick, it was like driving
through soup.His feet were as big as boats.She is as beautiful as a sunrise.She is as the sun rising over my horizon.
Types of Figurative Language
Simile
Examples of similes:She is like a rainy day.He is as busy as a bee.They are like two peas in a pod.
A simile is a figurative language technique where a comparison is made using like or as.
SimileA figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by like or as, as in: “How like the winter hath my absence been” or “So are you to my thoughts as food to life” (Shakespeare).
Complete your custom simileThe cat was as scary as a ____.
The night is like a ____.The moon is like a ____The scarecrow was as scary as ____.
Metaphor — a comparison of two seemingly different things without using “like” or “as”.
Her hair was spun gold.This homework is a breeze.There are plenty of fish in the sea.
Types of Figurative Language
Metaphor — a comparison of two different things without using “like” or “as”.
Her hair was spun gold.This homework is a breeze.There are plenty of fish in the sea.
Types of Figurative Language
METAPHOR
• A direct comparison of two unlike things• A direct relationship where one thing or idea
substitutes for anotherFor example: Her hair is silk. (The sentence
is comparing or stating that hair is silk).
EXTENDED METAPHOR
• A metaphor that goes several lines or possibly the entire length of a work.
IMPLIED METAPHOR
• The comparison is hinted at but not clearly stated.
• “The poison sacs of the town began to manufacture venom, and the town swelled and puffed with the pressure of it.”
- from The Pearl- by John Steinbeck
MetaphorA poetic comparison that does not use the words like or as.
Examples of metaphors:She is a graceful swan.He is a golden god.They are honey from the honeycomb.
MetaphorA figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison, as in “a sea of troubles” or “All the world's a stage” (Shakespeare).
Brian was a wall, bouncing every
tennis ball back over the net.
This metaphor compares Brian to a wall because __________.
a. He was very strong.b. He was very tall.c. He kept returning the
balls.d. His body was made of
cells.
We would have had more pizza to eat if Tammy hadn’t been such a hog.Tammy was being compared to a hog because she __________.
a. looked like a hog b. ate like a hogc. smelled like a hogd. was as smart as a hog
Cindy was such a mule. We couldn’t
get her to change her mind.
The metaphor compares Cindy to a mule because she was __________.
a. always eating oatsb. able to do hard workc. raised on a farmd. very stubborn
The poor rat didn’t have a chance. Our old cat, a bolt of lightning, caught his prey.The cat was compared to a bolt of lightning because he was _______.a. very fastb. very brightc. not fond of fleasd. very old
Even a child could carry my dog,
Dogface, around for hours. He’s
such a feather.This metaphor implies that Dogface:
a. is not cuteb. looks like a birdc. is not heavyd. can fly
Hyperbole — when the truth is exaggerated for humor or emphasis.Your mama’s so fat, if someone yells, “Kool-aid,” she’ll jump through a wall!
I nearly died laughing.I could eat a horse.
Types of Figurative Language
Hyperbole — when the truth is exaggerated for humor or emphasis.
I nearly died laughing.I’m so hungry, I could eat a horse.My backpack weighs a ton!That’s the worst idea in the world!
Figurative Language: Hyperbole
Hyperbole
• Is when one exaggerates. • We use hyperbole (the figure of
speech) all the time when we
want to impress or stress.• Hyperboles are used gazillions of
times a minute.
Hyperbole“He never speaks to her.”
Never? That is a very long time.
Hyperbole means to exaggerate.
Hyperbole
•We have a ton of work.
A ton is a lot of work. A ton is also a thousand pounds.
Hyperbole•“I ate a ton of pasta.”
Ton = 907.185 kg= 2000 pounds (US)= 2240 lbs. (UK)
This person must be trying to tell us that s/he ate a lot. What an appetite.
Hyperbole Example
•I told you a million times.
I don’t mind repeating myself, but a million times? That’s a lot.
Litotes
• Understatement - basically the opposite of hyperbole. Often it is ironic.
• Ex. Calling a slow moving person “Speedy”
Onomatopoeia — when a word’s sound suggests its meaning.Pop goes the weasel.I heard a snap as the branch broke.
The bacon sizzled on the skillet.
Types of Figurative Language
Onomatopoeia — when a word’s sound suggests its meaning.
Pop goes the weasel.I heard a snap as the branch broke.
The bacon sizzled on the skillet.
Figurative Language: Onomatopoeia
Onomatopoeia
Examples onomatopoeia:Bang, went the gun!
Swoosh went the basketball
through the hoop.
ONOMATOPOEIA• Words that imitate the sound they are
naming BUZZ, SHOT, • OR sounds that imitate or suggest the sound
associated with something
“The silken, sad, uncertain, rustling of each purple curtain . . .”
In the above example ALLITERATION is used to achieve ONOMATOPOEIA.
61
Onomatopoeia
The formation or use of words such as buzz, murmur or boo that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.
Onomatopoeia in practiceOnomatopoeia is the use of words whose sounds make you think of their meanings.
For example; buzz, thump, pop.Many comic strips use onomatopoeia.
Personification — when something not human is given human characteristics.The trees danced in the wind.Oreo: Milk’s Favorite Cookie.Fear knocked on the door, and Faith answered.
Types of Figurative Language
Personification — when something not human is given human characteristics.The trees danced in the wind.
Oreo: Milk’s Favorite Cookie.
Fear knocked on the door, and Faith answered.
Types of Figurative Language
Joyet 2004 66
Personification
Personification is a figurative language technique in which human characteristics are given to nonhuman things.
Personification
The leaves danced in the wind.
The heat ripped the breath from her lungs.
Personification When inanimate objects or
abstractions (things that are not human) are endowed with human qualities or are represented as possessing human form.
Giving human qualities, feelings, actions, or characteristics to animals or non-living objects.
Joyet 2004 69
Personification Examples Hunger sat shivering on the
road. Hunger doesn’t sit, people do.
Flowers danced about the lawn.
Flowers don’t dance, people do.
The sun smiled on me. The verb, smile, is a human action.
Joyet 2004 70
Personification ExamplesThe sleeping water reflected the evening sky.
Humidity breathed in the girl's face and ran its greasy fingers through her hair.
The tree arrested the oncoming car.
Check your guesses. . . Which types of figurative language do the following exemplify:I’ve told you that a million times.And then, poof! He was gone.The rain kissed my cheeks.You’re skating on thin ice, pal.It cut like a hot knife through
butter.America is a melting pot.
Practice with Figurative Language
ExamplesI’ve told you that a
million times.And then, poof! He was
gone.
The rain kissed my cheeks as it fell.
You’re skating on thin ice, pal.
It cut like a hot knife through butter.
America is a melting pot.
Hyperbole—it might have been said often, but not a million times.
Onomatopoeia—there was not an actual puff of smoke as the subject left.
Personification—the rain didn’t really kiss the speaker’s cheeks; this is a human quality.
Idiom—he’s not actually on ice, but irritating someone.
Simile—comparison made by using like or as.
Metaphor—American isn’t really a pot of things melting together, but home to a variety of cultures that mix together.
Examples of Figurative Language
Explanation
Figurative Language versus Literal Language
•Figurative Language – any use of language where the intended meaning differs from the actual literal meaning of the words themselves.
•Literal Language – our everyday language. We mean what we say!
IMAGERY• Language that appeals to any of the
five senses.• Most images are visual, but they can
also appeal to the senses of sound, touch, taste, or smell.
then with cracked hands that achedfrom labor in the weekday weather . . .
from “Those Winter Sundays”
Imagery — words or phrases that appeal to the five senses: sight, touch, hearing, smell, taste.What can you see, feel, hear,
smell, taste?We pulled on our clothes, crackling underbrush, the sharp briars pulling at our damp jeans, until we reached the watermelon patch. As we began to cut open the nearest melon, we could smell the pungent skin mingling with the dusty odor of the dry earth. Suddenly, the melon gave way with a crack, revealing the deep, pink sweetness inside.
Imagery
Find examples of imagery in the following passage:
The hot July sun beat relentlessly down, casting an orange glare over the farm buildings, the fields, the pond. Even the usually cool green willows bordering the pond hung wilted and dry. Our sun-baked backs ached for relief. We quickly pulled off our sweaty clothes and plunged into the pond, but the tepid water only stifled us and we soon climbed onto the brown, dusty bank. Our parched throats longed for something cool--a strawberry ice, a tall frosted glass of lemonade.
Imagery
Allusion• Allusion comes
from the verb “allude” which means “to refer to”
• An allusion is a reference to something else outside the piece you are dealing with.
“A tunnel walled and overlaidWith dazzling crystal: we had read Of rare Aladdin’s wondrous cave,And to our own his name we gave.”
From “Snowbound”John Greenleaf Whittier
ApostropheA person or thing which is absent is addressed:
“What thoughts I have of you tonight, Walt Whitman” (Ginsberg, 599).
-- A Letter to Father by John Handferry (whose father had died)
SYMBOLISM• When a
person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself also represents, or stands for, something else.
= Innocence
= America
= Peace
The symbol of the SS – Hitler’s Order of the Death’s Head.
Hair symbolizes physical strength and virility; the virtues and properties of a person are said to be concentrated in his hair and nails.
The heart is the locus of physical and spiritual being . . . compassion and understanding, life-giving and complex.
SYMBOLISM ExamplesThere are more things with symbolic meaning than
could ever be listed.
Check your guesses. . . Which types of figurative language do the following exemplify:I’ve told you that a million times.And then, poof! He was gone.The rain kissed my cheeks.You’re skating on thin ice, pal.It cut like a hot knife through
butter.America is a melting pot.
Practice with Figurative Language
ExamplesI’ve told you that a
million times.
And then, poof! He was gone.
The rain kissed my cheeks as it fell.
You’re skating on thin ice, pal.
It cut like a hot knife through butter.
America is a melting pot.
Hyperbole—it might have been said often, but not a million times.
Onomatopoeia—there was not an actual puff of smoke as the subject left.
Personification—the rain didn’t really kiss the speaker’s cheeks; this is a human quality.
Idiom—he’s not actually on ice, but irritating someone.
Simile—comparison made by using like or as.
Metaphor—American isn’t really a pot of things melting together, but home to a variety of cultures that mix together.
Examples of Figurative Language
Explanation
D.E.A.R. -15 minutes - April 15th, 2013
JOURNALING REQUIREMENTS – Personal Novel ReadingEVERY time you read, you must include the following information as part of
your journal entry.
1st, 3rd, 4th Blocks9/24/12 Title of Book, Author’s Last Name Pg# - Pg#D.E.A.R. JS#___ Subsequent Lines should be composed of
• Journal Writing – Next Journal Starter, Approach Paper Work, Vocabulary Work, Evidence of any/all reading strategies being put to work on your novel.
• Class Novel Study Guide Questions• Literature Circle Job Work in Preparation for
Discussions• Common Assessment Answer Reworkings &
Data Crunch
Be seated in your assigned seat.
Silent Reading – Personal Novel
Silent Room
Poetic FormsRules and Regulations
Poetic Forms
What are Poetic Forms?
They are Simply,Poems with Rules.
Poetic Form and Structure
There are many types of poetic forms from all over the world.
You’ve heard of many of them.HaikuLimerickSonnetsVillanelle
There are others, such as the Villanelle, the Biopoem, the Concrete, and the Found.
• Biopoem• Cinquain • Free Verse
POETIC FORM - HaikuA Japanese poetic form. Usually written about nature.Usually tries to show a contrast.Traditionally has three lines of 17
syllables1 - five syllables.2 - seven syllables.3 - five syllables.
Other related form of Japanese originTanka
Syllable Counts of 5,7,5,7,7Popular since 1300 C.E.
HaikuNights are getting cold 5
not a single insect now 7attacks the candle 5
An oil spill is a 5slippery, black blob of ink 7writing warning notes 5
NOW YOU TRY . . . on your own paper.
____________________________ 5_____________________________ 7____________________________ 5
POETIC FORM - LimerickSome say the “Limerick” was invented by
soldiers fleeing from France to the Irish town of Limerick in the 1700’s, however . . .
The origin of the actual name limerick for this type of poem is obscure. Its use was first documented in the UK in 1898 (New English Dictionary) and in the USA in 1902. It is generally taken to be a reference to the County of Limerick in Ireland, particularly the Maigue Poets, and may derive from an earlier form of nonsense verse parlour game that traditionally included a refrain that ended "Come all the way up to Limerick?"
http://www.limerickcentral.co.uk/stuff-about-limericks/history-of-the-limerick.html
POETIC FORM - LimerickThe name ‘Limerick’ is predated by
the work of Edward Lear who published his first Book of Nonsense in 1845 and a later work (1872) on the same theme.
Lear wrote 212 limericks, mostly nonsense verse.
It was customary at the time for limericks to accompany an absurd illustration of the same subject, and for the final line of the limerick to be a kind of conclusion, usually a variant of the first line ending in the same word.
http://www.limerickcentral.co.uk/stuff-about-limericks/history-of-the-limerick.html
POETIC FORM - LimerickThe following is an example of one of Edward Lear's
limericks.
http://www.limerickcentral.co.uk/stuff-about-limericks/history-of-the-limerick.html
There was a Young Person of Smyrna Whose grandmother threatened to burn her; But she seized on the cat, and said 'Granny, burn that! You incongruous old woman of Smyrna!'
The rulesHas come to be a five-line poetic form.Usually funny.
Has the rhyme scheme AABBA.Has a set rhythm
Poetic Form - Limerick
What difference is immediately noticeable upon seeing a Lear Limerick and knowing the modern day rules for writing one?
LimericksA flea and a fly in a flueWere caught, so what could they do?Said the fly, "Let us flee.""Let us fly," said the flea.So they flew through a flaw in the flue.--Ogden Nash
There was an Old Person whose habits,Induced him to feed upon rabbits;When he'd eaten eighteen,He turned perfectly green,Upon which he relinquished those habits.--Edward Lear
NOW YOU TRY . . . on your own paper.____________________________________________ A____________________________________________ A____________________________________________ B____________________________________________ B____________________________________________ A
POETIC FORM - SonnetsThere are a few kinds of sonnets. They all . . .
have 14-lines.are on the topic is LOVE – either a positive
attitude toward it or a negative one.have a volta. In literature, the volta, also
referred to as the turn, is the shift or point of dramatic change.
are FIXED FORM poems, NOT free verse at all.
We will look at Shakespearean Sonnets and Italian Sonnets.
Sonnets: Shakespearean Sonnet
Shakespearean sonnets have 14 lines Three Quatrains (4 line stanzas) andOne rhyming couplet (2 line stanza)
at the end.VOLTA at line 9.
12 lines with a set rhyme scheme and two lines that rhyme with each other.
Here’s what the rhyme scheme looks like
a-b-a-b, c-d-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-g
Shakespeare's Sonnet XXIX (29)
When in disgrace with Fortune and men's eyes, A
I all alone beweep my outcast state, B
And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries, A
And look upon myself and curse my fate, B
Wishing me like to one more rich in hope, C
Featured like him, like him with friends possessed, D
Desiring this man's art and that man's scope, C
With what I most enjoy contented lest, DYet in these thoughts my self almost despising,
EHaply I think on thee, and then my state,
F(Like to the lark at break of day arising EFrom sullen earth) sings hymns at heaven's gate,
FFor thy sweet love remembered such wealth brings,
GThat then I scorn to change my state with kings.
G Three quatrians and one rhyming couplet Rhyme Scheme: ABAB CDCD EFEF GG
NOW YOU TRY . . . on your own paper.
AKA the Petrarchan Sonnet.They have 14 lines.
An octave (8 lines) with a set rhyme scheme Rhyme Scheme of first 8 lines: ABBA,
ABBAa sestet (6 lines) with its own set rhyme
scheme ofRhyme Schemes can vary, but may not
end in a couplet.CDDECE, CDECDE, CDCDCD, etc.
VOLTA at line 9.
Here’s what the rhyme scheme could look like
a-b-b-a, a-b-b-a, c-d-e, c-d-e
Sonnets: Italian Sonnets
An Italian Sonnet by William Wordsworth524. England, 1802
iiMilton! thou shouldst be living at this hour:
AEngland hath need of thee: she is a fen
BOf stagnant waters: altar, sword, and pen,
BFireside, the heroic wealth of hall and bower,
AHave forfeited their ancient English dower
AOf inward happiness. We are selfish men;
BOh! raise us up, return to us again;
BAnd give us manners, virtue, freedom, power.
A--------------------
Thy soul was like a Star, and dwelt apart; C
Thou hadst a voice whose sound was like the sea: D
Pure as the naked heavens, majestic, free, D
So didst thou travel on life's common way, E
In cheerful godliness; and yet thy heart C
The lowliest duties on herself did lay.E
NOW YOU TRY . . . on your own paper.
Spencerian Sonnetinvented by Edmund Spenser as an outgrowth
of the stanza pattern he used in TheFaerie Queene (a b a b b c b c c),
Line 9 usually starts with “But” or “Yet” . . . however
The VOLTA is NOT usually there.VOLTA at line 13!!has the pattern: a b a b b c b c c d c d e e
Indefinable Uh, these generally have 14 lines, but break all
the other rules.VOLTA at Line 9.
POETIC FORM - Sonnets
Shakespeareana-b-a-b, c-d-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-g
Petrarchan/Italiana-b-b-a, a-b-b-a, c-d-e, c-d-e
Spenceriana b a b b c b c c d c d e e
Sonnets at a Glance
POETIC FORM - Bio Poem A poem written about a person. Follows the form:
(Line 1) First name (Line 2) Three or four adjectives that describe the
person (Line 3) Important relationship (daughter of . . . ,
mother of . . . , etc) (Line 4) Two or three things, people, or ideas that the
person loved (Line 5) Three feelings the person experienced (Line 6) Three fears the person experienced (Line 7) Accomplishments (who composed…, who
discovered…, etc.) (Line 8) Two or three things the person wanted to see
happen or wanted to experience (Line 9) His or her residence (Line 10) Last name
Bio Poem on Rosa ParksRosa Determined, brave, strong, loving Wife of Raymond Parks, mother of all children Who loved equality, freedom, and the benefits of a
good education Who hated discrimination, loved to stand up for her
beliefs, and loved to help others Who feared that racism would continue, feared losing
the opportunity to make a difference, and feared that young people might lose opportunities to develop strength and courage
Who changed history as she accomplished great strides for equality and encouraged excellence for all
Who wanted to see love triumph and see an end to all bias and discrimination in a world in which respect is freely given to all
Born in Alabama and rests at Woodlawn Cemetery, Detroit, Michigan
Parks
NOW YOU TRY . . . on your own paper . . Write your BIOPOEM on your WOMAN of IMPACT.
POETIC FORM - VillanelleDo not tell a story or have a conversational
tone.Usually accomplishes the task of
concentrating the reader on a certain strong emotion.
A lot of fun to write this 19 line poem, has 5 tercets (3 line stanza) - 15 linesone quatrain (4 line stanza) - 4 lines
Only has two end rhyme soundsRhyme scheme
ABA ABA ABA ABA ABA ABAARepeats two lines several times, as refrainsLine 1 repeats on lines 6, 12, and 18Line 3 repeats on lines 9, 15, and 19
Villanelles“Do Not Go Gentle into that Good Night”
by Dylan Thomas
Do not go gentle into that good night, AOld age should burn and rave at close of day; BRage, rage against the dying of the light.
AThough wise men at their end know dark is right,
ABecause their words had forked no lightning they
BDo not go gentle into that good night. AGood men, the last wave by, crying how bright ATheir frail deeds might have danced in a green bay,
BRage, rage against the dying of the light.
AWild men who caught and sang the sun in flight,
AAnd learn, too late, they grieved it on its way, B Do not go gentle into that good night. A Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight ABlind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay,
B Rage, rage against the dying of the light.
AAnd you, my father, there on the sad height, ACurse, bless me now with your fierce tears, I pray.
B Do not go gentle into that good night. ARage, rage against the dying of the light.
A
NOW YOU TRY . . . . . on your own paper.
A cinquain is a five line poem.Usually about a person place or thing
(noun)Usually a titled poem where the title
is the 5th line.Line 1: a synonym for the titleLine 2: two adjectives or adjectival
phrases describing the titleLine 3: three “–ing” action verbs or
verbal phrasesLine 4: a related phrase Line 5: a one-word title (in other words, a noun that tells what the poem is about )
POETIC FORM - Cinquain
JasemHappy, active
Smiling, running, jumping
Eats lots of ketchupBrother
(by Nabil)
Cinquain Poems (The WEAK EXAMPLES)
TreesBrown, green
Growing, bending, swayingReaching for the sky
Interesting
(by Hayley)
SchoolFun, boring
Playing, working, doingField trips are fun, but not
the seaweed oneWork
(by Tyler)
CaramelYummy, sweet
Runny, gushy, brownI love caramel chocolate
Fantastic
(by Natalia)
http://hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca/davidc/6c_files/Poem%20pics/6ccinquains02.htm
Rules broken
Cinquain Poems (The REAL DEAL)
TreesBrown bark rough as myself, green with the wind in the summer
Growing roots in winter, bending to the way the wind goes, swaying against the force
Mostly reaching for the sky
Interesting
(by Hayley and modified by Mr. Moshé)
NOW YOU TRY . . . on your own paper.
Just look at some . . . Helicopter – well, it becomes a helicopter.Go Cart – Like the helicopter, actuallyTrain – Uh, this becomes a rain and then
moves.Vision Care - This is from a commercial that
aired years ago during a superbowl.Always the precious repetition for the joy of rec
ognition. – Nothing like a little visual jazz.
Stigmatized – a tragic story of feeling isolated
Poetic Form – Concrete Poetry
Found poems take existing texts and refashion them, reorder them, and present them as poems. The literary equivalent of a collage, found poetry is often made from newspaper articles, street signs, graffiti, speeches, letters, or even other poems.
A pure found poem consists exclusively of outside texts: the words of the poem remain as they were found, with few additions or omissions. Decisions of form, such as where to break a line, are left to the poet.
Poetic Form - Found Poetry
Examples of found poems can be seen in the work of Blaise Cendrars, David Antin, and Charles Reznikoff.
In his book Testimony, Reznikoff created poetry from law reports, such as this excerpt:
Amelia was just fourteen and out of the orphan asylum; at her first job--in the bindery, and yes sir, yes ma'am, oh, so anxious to please.She stood at the table, her blond hair hanging about her shoulders, "knocking up" for Mary and Sadie, the stichers("knocking up" is counting books and stacking them in piles to be taken away).
Example of Found Poetry
Many poets have also chosen to incorporate snippets of found texts into larger poems, most significantly Ezra Pound. His Cantos includes letters written by presidents and popes, as well as an array of official documents from governments and banks. The Waste Land, by T. S. Eliot, uses many different texts, including Wagnerian opera, Shakespearian theater, and Greek mythology. Other poets who combined found elements with their poetry are William Carlos Williams, Charles Olson, and Louis Zukofsky.
Poetic Form – Found Poetry
The found poem achieved prominence in the twentieth-century, sharing many traits with Pop Art, such as Andy Warhol's soup cans or Marcel Duchamp's bicycle wheels and urinals.
The writer Annie Dillard has said that turning a text into a poem doubles that poem's context. "The original meaning remains intact," she writes, "but now it swings between two poles."
- See more at: http://www.poets.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/5780#sthash.UWKue4Qa.dpuf
Poetic Form - Found Poetry
very few distinct rules or boundries
it is not written in iambic pentameter as is Blank Verse
rhythm or cadence of free verse varies throughout the poem
POETIC FORM - Free Verse
Running through a field of clover,Stop to pick a daffodilI play he loves me, loves me not,The daffy lies, it says he does not love
me!Well, what use a daffy When Jimmy gives me roses?
-- Flora Launa
Free Verse Sample
NOW YOU TRY . . . . On your own paper
A poem that tells a story.Usually of multiple stanzas to indicate plot structure.
Can be rhyming, but doesn’t have to be.
That’s it.
POETIC FORM – Narrative Poem
NOW YOU TRY . . . . On your own paper
Today we finished the Poetry Overview PowerPoint.
Now What?
You should have original written samples (drafts, I'm not looking for perfection here) of each type of poem that we covered from the time we started the Poetic Forms section of the PowerPoint: Haiku, Limerick, Shakespearean Sonnet, Italian Sonnet, Biopoem, Villanelle, Cinquain, Free Verse, Narrative.
Poetry Writing Workshop
DO NOT write your names on the following sheets.
Write each of the following poems centered on separate sheets of paper (7 Poems for 7 sheets): Haiku, Limerick, Shakespearean Sonnet, Italian Sonnet, Biopoem, Villanelle, Cinquain.
When you have them all written out, bring them to me.
Then I will allow you to staple the poems together .
Poetry Writing Workshop
D.E.A.R. -15 minutes - April 19th, 2013
JOURNALING REQUIREMENTS – Personal Novel ReadingEVERY time you read, you must include the following information as part of
your journal entry.
1st, 3rd, 4th Blocks9/24/12 Title of Book, Author’s Last Name Pg# - Pg#D.E.A.R. JS#___ Subsequent Lines should be composed of
• You should be making darn sure you have all 7 poems ready on separate sheets of paper. Have them out while you read.
Be seated in your assigned seat.
Silent Reading – Personal Novel
Silent Room Silent Room Silent Room Silent Room Silent Room Silent Room
I will then collect your poems and redistribute them to classmates for PEER Editing/Proofing and suggestions.
You will work on each other's writing.Use rubrics found in the Writing Workshop
Folders and your extensive notes, Check each other's work to see whether or
not the rules for each form of poetry were followed and make any corrections/marks/suggestions.
Also, make three suggestions to each poem for any Literary & Poetic Techniques that could effect any improvement for the poems.
Poetry Writing Workshop
Plot ReviewPlot is composed of four parts
ExpositionRising ActionClimaxResolution
ExpositionIn the exposition we get all the essential
information we need in order to get the story goingCharacter – Main CharacterSetting – Time, place, cultureConflict – issue(s), or problem(s), the main
character will struggle to resolve
Rising ActionIn the Rising Action drama, suspense usually
build through each scene as the plot is complicatedComplications – scenes that create a complex
story and at the same time reveal the details of how the conflict may be resolved later in the story.
ClimaxThe climax is the point of greatest suspense.It is the turning point.It immediately precedes the Falling Action or
resolution.It is “The turning point of the action in the plot of
a play or story. The climax represents the point of greatest tension in the work.” (http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072405228/student_view0/fiction_glossary.html)
What about PLOT?
What are the pieces of plot?
1.Exposition
2.Rising Action
3.Climax
4.Resolution
What about PLOT?
What are the pieces of plot?
Exposition where we find out about the • Characters – Main and secondary• Setting(s) – initial and subsequent• Conflict(s)
What about PLOT?
What are the pieces of plot?
Rising Action where the • Main Characters become fully
developed• Setting(s) are created in detail• Complications are introduced to
develop and define the conflict(s)
What about PLOT?
What are the pieces of plot?
Climax where the • Highest point of excitement or drama is
reached• Turning point in the action occurs
What about PLOT?
What are the pieces of plot?
Resolution where the• Conflict is settled or resolved• Things settle down• Most complications are worked out.
Lets try something to open you up to PoetryRemember to let the poem carry its own
message.
Suggestions to keep in mind Listen to the message in the poem.
Forget who said, wrote or recited the poem.
Follow the rules of punctuation while reading Do not stop at the end a line UNLESS
there is punctuation that requires it. Stop or pause only where the
punctuation tells you to.
Literature Circle Up – Groups of 3-4Read, Note Take, Work
Discuss & ShareEach participant MUST be able to answer these
questions (COPY THEM): What is the theme or message that you get from the poem? What
pieces/details add up to show you the message (must be more than one)?
What Figurative Language techniques are used in the poem: metaphors, similes, personification, hyperbole, litote, etc.?
What Poetic & Sound Devices are used in the poem: alliteration, onomatopoeia, assonance, consonance, etc.?
What is the rhyme scheme of the poem; Is there one: ABAA, etc.?
What else can you talk about because of the poem: personal connections, allusions, inspirations?
Literature Circle Time
Groups of 3 - ImageryEach of you draw an image for your piece of
the poem that you have.
Participant #1 – Section 1Participant #2 – Section 2Participant #3 – Section 3
The Trees by Neil Peart
There is unrest in the forest,There is trouble with the trees,For the maples want more sunlightAnd the oaks ignore their please.
The trouble with the maples,(And they're quite convinced they're right)They say the oaks are just too loftyAnd they grab up all the light.But the oaks can't help their feelingsIf they like the way they're made.And they wonder why the maplesCan't be happy in their shade
There is trouble in the forest,And the creatures all have fled,As the maples scream "Oppression!"And the oaks just shake their heads
So the maples formed a unionAnd demanded equal rights."The oaks are just too greedy;We will make them give us light."Now there's no more oak oppression,For they passed a noble law,And the trees are all kept equalBy hatchet, axe, and saw.
Participant 1
Participant 3Participant 2
Jacob’s Ladder by Neil PeartThe clouds prepare for battle
In the dark and brooding silence.Bruised and sullen stormcloudsHave the light of day obscured.Looming low and ominousIn twilight prematureThunderheads are rumblingIn a distant overture...
All at once, the clouds are parted.Light streams down in bright unbroken beams...
Follow men's eyes as they look to the skies.The shifting shafts of shining weave the fabric of their dreams..
Participant 1
Participant 3
Participant 2
Closer to the Heart by Neil Peart
And the men who hold high placesMust be the ones who startTo mold a new realityCloser to the heartCloser to the heartThe blacksmith and the artistReflect it in their artThey forge their creativityCloser to the heartCloser to the heart
Philosophers and ploughmenEach must know his partTo sow a new mentalityCloser to the heartCloser to the heartYou can be the captainI will draw the chartSailing into destinyCloser to the heart
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel bothAnd be one traveler, long I stoodAnd looked down one as far as I
couldTo where it bent in the
undergrowth.
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same.
Let's try actively reading a poem:
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood,
and I—I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the
difference.
The Road Not TakenBy: Robert Frost
“The Road Not Taken” by Robert Frost
Literature Circle UpRead, Note Take, Work
DiscussShare
Be able to answer these questions:
What is the topic, subject and theme or message that you get from the poem?
What else can you talk about?
Let's try actively reading a poem:
“Jukebox Love Song”by Langston Hughes
I could take the Harlem nightand wrap it around you,Take the neon lights and make a crown,Take the Lenox Avenue busses,Taxis, subways,And for your love song tone their rumble down.Take Harlem's heartbeat,Make a drumbeat,Put it on a record, let it whirl,And while we listen to it play,Dance with you till day--Dance with you, my sweet brown Harlem girl.
Let's try actively reading a poem:
“Jukebox Love Song”by Langston Hughes
DiscussShare
What is the theme or message that you get from the poem?
What else can you talk about?
Let's try actively reading a poem:
from “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” by T. S. Eliot
Let us go then, you and I, When the evening is spread out against the sky Like a patient etherized upon a table; Let us go, through certain half-deserted streets, The muttering retreats Of restless nights in one-night cheap hotels And sawdust restaurants with oyster-shells
Let's try actively reading a poem:
from “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” by T. S. Eliot
DiscussShare
What is the theme or message that you getfrom the excerpt of the poem?
What else can you talk about?
Let's try actively reading a poem:
We’ve looked atLiteral vs. Figurative
Remember Real vs. Imaginary
This could be understood a number of waysReal is to literal as imaginary is to
figurative ANDFigurative is to real as Literal is to
imaginaryANDReal is to imaginary as literal is to
figurative.
Joyet 2004 142
We’ve looked atSeven Figurative Language. techniques:
onomatopoeia alliteration simile
And then some other techniques authors like to put into action.
metaphor personification idiom hyperbole
Poetry & Active Reading & Discussion Strategies Learn to Read a Poem. Well?
Before you start reading anything: Find someone (or more than one person) to
read with. This could be a literature circle.Have your reader’s notebook or a blank
sheet of paper ready. Preview the poem - read aloud the first few
lines.Listen to the message, Not the Messenger!
Forget who wrote it, and what you THINK you know about that person. The author is not the character in the poem.
Listen for the message in the poem; what is the poem trying to say?
Active Reading Process for Poetry
Part I - 1st Complete read of the poem
Part II - Share one thing from your list quickly around the group
Part III - 2nd complete read of the poem
Part IV – Share a new thing from your list quickly around the group
Part V – Discuss
Active Reading Process for Poetry
Part I - 1st complete read of the poem The poem is read out loud with everyone listening. Write down quickly anything/everything that pops into
your head. Visualize the images and Draw Think about the words and phrasesMake connections or allusionsMake inferencesPoetic TechniquesFigurative LanguagePlot Elements
Try to answer these questions“What do you notice about this poem so far?”“What is this poem about?”
Active Reading Process for Poetry
Part II - Share one thing from your list
Read one thing you wrote down - the best example of something related to the poem.
If you have not written anything down, then write down something(s) you hear.
Try to figure out the topic, theme.Make inferences.Identify Poetic Techniques/Figurative
Language
Active Reading Process for Poetry
Part III - 2nd complete read of the poem
AGAIN, the poem is read out loud with everyone listening.
Write down quickly anything/everything that pops into your head.
Visualize the images and Draw Think about the words and phrases Make connections or allusions Make inferences Poetic Techniques Figurative Language Plot Elements Now that you wrote all of the notes
for this step, realize that it’s the same as Step I.
Active Reading Process for Poetry
Part IV - Share a new thing from your listRead one new thing - the best example of
something related to the poem.
If you have not written anything down, then write down something(s) you hear.
Try to figure out the topic, subject and theme, in the poem.
Active Reading Process for Poetry
Part V – Discuss
Have a discussion.Share everything you have.
InsightsQuestionsOpinionsReflectionsDrawingsLiterature Circle Job Work
Active Reading Process for Poetry
Top Related