7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
1/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu,
Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nkD`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh
Ldi`h Lnz`hy
Nliz 633
Fd`` 5345
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
2/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
5
]DE@H NF JNK]HK]Z
IK]UNMXJ]INK+++++8
Z}d}hlhk} nf Sune`hl+++8
Doh dkm Ikjnlh ik D`jngn` Dmvhu}iziko++6
Ohkmhu ik D`jngn` Dmvhu}iziko++?
Sxusnzh++7
Gysn}ghziz++7
LH]GNMN@NOY+++++7
Sdu}ijisdk}z+7
Z}xmy Mhziok++9
FIKMIKOZ DKM MIZJXZZINK++++++9
ZXLLDUY DKM ILS@IJD]INKZ++++++45
DSSHKMIW D1 Zxuvhy1 ]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh++++4:
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
3/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
:
DSSHKMIW E1 Ohkmhu dkm D`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh JgiZtxduh ]hz} nf Ikmhshkmhkjh++++48
DSSHKMIW J1 Doh dkm D`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh JgiZtxduh ]hz} nf Ikmhshkmhkjh+++++46
DSSHKMIW M1 Ikjnlh dkm D`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh JgiZtxduh ]hz} nf Ikmhshkmhkjh++++4?
UHFHUHKJHZ++++47
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
4/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
=
@IZ] NF ]DE@HZ DKM FIOXUHZ
Fioxuh 4 D`jngn` Zd`hz Shujhk}doh funl 533? }n 5345+++++6
Fioxuh 5 Zxllduy nf Muikbiko Gdei}z fnu Dohz 4783"+++++?
]de`h 4 D`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh ey Ohkmhu+++++++43
]de`h 5 D`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh ey Doh Ounxs++++++++++++++++++43
]de`h : D`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh ey Ikjnlh Ounxs+++++44
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
5/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
8
IK]UNMXJ]INK
Z}d}hlhk} nf Sune`hl
Uhzhdujg jnkziz}iko nf mhlnoudsgijz ldy gdvh ikvd`xde`h exzikhzz ils`ijd}inkz
uhodumiko ldubh}iko+ Dmvhu}iziko iz d fxkmdlhk}d` fnjxz nf ldky }udmhz, suikjisd``y }gh
d`jngn`ij ehvhudoh ikmxz}uy+ Lnuhnvhu, eudkm dwduhkhzz iz juxjid` fnu d`jngn`ij ehvhudoh
jnlsdkihz dkm mhvh`nsiko d z}unko eudkm iz vi}d` }n }ghiu zxjjhzz+ Jnlsdkihz xzh ldky fdj}nuz
wghk dzzhzziko wgijg ldubh}iko jdlsdiokz }n jgnnzh dkm }ghy hshuilhk} wi}g }ghiu z}ud}hoihz
nk d uhox`du edziz 'Knvdb)+ Dz d uhzx`}, mhlnoudsgijz duh d ldanu hlsgdziz nf ldubh}iko
sunln}inkz+ Ldky jnlsdkihz z}uivh }n imhk}ify }ghiu sn}hk}id` jnkzxlhuz doh, ohkmhu, dkm
ikjnlh `hvh` ehfnuh mh}hulikiko }gh sunshu ldubh}iko z}ud}hoy }n djtxiuh }gh sd}unk+ Nk`y wghk
jnlsdkihz gdvh d`` }gh ikfnuld}ink uhodumiko }ghiu }duoh} ldubh} jdk }ghy ne}dik dkm uh}dik }ghiu
jxz}nlhu+
]gh d`jngn` ikmxz}uy zshkmz ei``inkz nf mn``duz }n sunln}h i}z sunmxj}z2 -5+5 ei``ink d`nkh
ik }gh Xki}hm Z}d}hz ik 5336 'Lnnuh h} d`)+ D }uhkm }gd} khhmz }n eh dmmuhzzhm ey ldubh}huz iz
}gd} nf zshkmiko d ouhd} zxl nf lnkhy nk hkmnuziko d sunmxj} }gd} iz `nziko jnkzxlhuz+ Fnu
hdls`h, Fioxuh 4 eh`nw zgnwz }gd} ehhu gdz `nz} ldubh} zgduh eh}whhk 533? dkm 5345 dz `itxnu
dkm wikh gdvh odikhm+ Fxu}ghulnuh, ehhu gdz z}hdmi`y `nz} ldubh} zgduh }n `itxnu fnu hdjg nf }gh
`dz} 4: yhduz, wi}g }gh hjhs}ink nf 5337 'Ynub)+ Mhlnoudsgij uhzhdujg ldy d`zn gh`s ikmxz}uihz
jnkjhk}ud}h }ghiu sunln}ink mn``duz nk }gh uiog} sunmxj}z+
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
6/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
6
Fioxuh 4 D`jngn` Zd`hz Shujhk}doh funl 533? }n 5345 funl Hli`y Euyznk Ynub2 %@itxnu, _ikh Jnk}ikxh }n ]dbhZgduh funl Ehhu Zd`hz%2 jgijdon}uiexkh+jnl, :4 Adk+ 53452 _he2 58 Knv+ 5345+
Doh dkm Ikjnlh ik D`jngn` Dmvhu}iziko
Doh iz d suhvd`hk} mhlnoudsgij fdj}nu fnu ldubh}iko sxusnzhz ik mh}hulikiko d jnkzxlhu
sunfi`h+ Gnwhvhu, d jnkzxlhuz doh iz }ysijd``y sdiuhm wi}g ikjnlh wghk zgdsiko sunln}inkd`
z}ud}hoihz+ D Od``xs sn`` fnxkm }gd} n`mhu dff`xhk} 'dk ikjnlh nf -83,333 nu gioghu) dmx`}z whuh
dlnko znjih}yz ghdvihz} muikbhuz dkm whuh lnuh `ibh`y }gdk n`mhu knkdff`xhk} dmx`}z 'dk
ikjnlh nf `hzz }gdk -83,333) }n xzh d`jngn`2 ?=( jnlsduhm }n =9(+ Ik}huhz}iko`y, }ghzh
sunzshunxz dmx`}z d`zn mudkb lnuh nf}hk }gdk ynxkohu whd`}gy muikbhuz 'Dunud dkm Zddm)+ Fioxuh
5 eh`nw zgnwz d jnlsduiznk nf muikbiko gdei}z fnu 4783 yhduz nf doh dkm n`mhu+ D jnllnk
lizjnkjhs}ink iz }gd} }gh xkmhu =3 doh ounxs iz }gh bhy jnkzxlhu nf d`jngn`ij ehvhudohz2 }giz
jdk eh uhd`iqhm ik vihwiko }gh ldky d`jngn`ij ehvhudoh jnllhujid`z nk }h`hvizink+
3+33(
43+33(
53+33(
:3+33(
=3+33(
83+33(
63+33(
Ehhu @itxnu _ikh
533?
5345
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
7/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
?
Fioxuh 5 Zxllduy nf Muikbiko Gdei}z fnu Dohz 47 83" funl ]nlly LjJd``2 Ldubh}iko }n N`mhu Dff`xhk}z,Od``xs Exzikhzz Anxukd`, k+m+2 _he2 5: Knv+ 5345+
Yh}, }gh =8 dkm n`mhu mhlnoudsgij duh axz} dz `ibh`y dz ynxkohu muikbhuz }n zwi}jg eudkmz dkm }uy
khw sunmxj}z 'Dunud dkm Zddm)+ Fxu}ghulnuh, ynxko dmx`}z eh}whhk }gh dohz nf 58 dkm :=
uhjhivh }gh lnz} ldubh}iko d}}hk}ink yh} nk`y djjnxk}hm fnu 5:( nf nvhud`` d`jngn`ij muikb
jnkzxls}ink wghuhdz shns`h nvhu }gh doh nf =8 jnk}uiex}hm :9( 'Jnkzxlhu ]duoh}iko)+ I}
wnx`m eh dmvdk}dohnxz }n }gh d`jngn`ij ehvhudoh jnlsdkihz }n xkmhuz}dkm wgijg ehvhudohz duh
sxujgdzhm lnuh uhox`du`y ey wgijg doh dkm ikjnlh `hvh`+
Ohkmhu ik D`jngn` Dmvhu}iziko
Ohkmhu iz d`zn d ziokifijdk} mhlnoudsgij ik }gh d`jngn`ij ehvhudoh ikmxz}uy+ Ldky ehhu
jnllhujid`z }ysijd``y fhd}xuh ldzjx`ikh dj}ivi}ihz zxjg dz lhk s`dyiko zsnu}z+ Ldubh} uhzhdujg
gdz zgnwk }gd} lhk djjnxk}hm fnu 6=( nf d`jngn`ij muikbz jnkzxlhm dkm wnlhk djjnxk}hm fnu
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
8/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
7
:6( 'Jnkzxlhu ]duoh}iko)+ ]gh d`jngn`ij ehvhudoh ikmxz}uy d`zn }ysijd``y xzhz zh dsshd` }n
zh`` }ghiu sunmxj}z, yh} wnlhk uhzsnkm miffhuhk}`y }n }ghzh dmvhu}izhlhk}z }gdk lhk 'Ankhz)+
Ehhu jnlsdkihz duh z`nw`y fikmiko }gd} zh dsshd` uduh`y jgdkohz jnkzxlhuz suhfhuhkjhz
'Knvdb)+ Lnuhnvhu, d khw d`jngn` ldubh}iko }uhkm gdz hlhuohm wgijg fnjxzhz nk `nwhu jd`nuih
dkm `nwhu jduengymud}h ehvhudohz+ Lhk dkm wnlhk d`ibh gdvh ehhk fhd}xuhm ik }ghzh dm
jdlsdiokz+ I} wnx`m eh ehkhfijid` }n }gh d`jngn`ij ehvhudoh jnlsdkihz }n xkmhuz}dkm wgijg
ehvhudohz duh sxujgdzhm lnuh fuhtxhk}`y ey wgijg ohkmhu, }ghuhfnuh zshkmiko }gh uiog} dlnxk}
nf ldubh}iko mn``duz nk }gh uiog} ohkmhufnjxzhm jdlsdiokz+ ]gh ikfnuld}ink fnxkm ik }giz z}xmy
ldy dzziz} ldubh}huz ik mh}hulikiko if }ghiu mn``duz duh ehiko zshk} wizh`y nk sxuzxiko }ghzh
zshjifij mhlnoudsgijz+
Sxusnzh
]giz uhzhdujg wdz mhziokhm }n dmmuhzz wgh}ghu doh, ohkmhu, dkm ikjnlh duh axz}`y d ldanu
fdj}nu ik d jnkzxlhuz d`jngn` suhfhuhkjh+ ]gh hdlikd}ink ils`ijd}inkz jnx`m dzziz} d`jngn`ij
ehvhudoh jnlsdkihz ik mh}hulikiko if }ghiu ldubh}iko mn``duz duh ehz} zshk} nk }duoh}iko }ghzh
zshjifij mhlnoudsgijz dkm }ghiu suhzxssnzhm d`jngn`ij ehvhudoh jgnijhz+
Gysn}ghziz
]gh mhlnoudsgijz nf doh, ohkmhu, dkm ikjnlh duh ikmhshkmhk} nf d`jngn` suhfhuhkjh+
LH]GNMN@NOY
Sdu}ijisdk}z
]gh jnk}uiex}nuz whuh == ld`hz dkm 87 fhld`hz fnu d }n}d` nf 435 zxuvhyz jnlsi`hm+ ]gh
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
9/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
9
ikmivimxd`z lhdzxuhm ikj`xmhm oudmxd}h z}xmhk}z d} Znx}ghdz}huk @nxizidkd Xkivhuzi}y dz wh`` dz
jnwnubhuz dkm djtxdik}dkjhz nf }gh zxuvhynuz+ ]gh sdu}dbhuz whuh zdls`hz nf jnkvhkihkjh dz
}ghy whuh uhdmi`y dvdi`de`h fnu ikj`xzink+ ]gh uhzsnkmhk}z whuh ikfnulhm vid d z}d}hlhk} d} }gh
}ns nf }gh txhz}inkkdiuh dz }n }gh sxusnzh nf }gh zxuvhy, dkm }gd} }gh zxuvhy wdz jnkfimhk}id`+
Z}xmy Mhziok
Sdu}ijisdk}z whuh oivhk d fnxu txhz}ink zxuvhy }n jnls`h}h d} }ghiu `hizxuh2 d`` whuh
jnls`h}hm wi}gik likx}hz dkm uh}xukhm }ghuhdf}hu+ ]gh txhz}inkkdiuh dzbhm }gh jnk}uiex}nuz }n
zh`hj} }ghiu ohkmhu, }ghiu doh udkoh, }ghiu gnxzhgn`m ikjnlh udkoh, dkm }ghiu d`jngn` suhfhuhkjh
'Dsshkmi D)+ ]n zils`ify }gh uhzx`}z, }gh dohz whuh ounxshm dz xkmhu =3 dkm nvhu =3 dkm
}gh ikjnlh uhzx`}z whuh ounxshm dz xkmhu -83,333 dkm nvhu -83,333 ik }gh JgiZtxduh ]hz}
nf Ikmhshkmhkjh+ ]gh uhzx`}z nf hdjg zh} nf vduide`hz whuh dkd`yqhm ik Hjh` 'Dsshkmijhz E
M)+
FIKMIKOZ DKM MIZJXZZINK
Uhodumiko wgh}ghu ohkmhu gdm dk hffhj} nk d`jngn` suhfhuhkjh, i} wdz fnxkm }n gdvh d
ziokifijdk} hffhj} wi}g d s vd`xh nf 5+86=H7
d} }gh +38 d`sgd `hvh`+ ]gh nezhuvhm fuhtxhkjihz
zgnw }gd} jnkzimhude`y lnuh ld`hz zxuvhyhm suhfhuuhm ehhu dkm `itxnu dkm }gd} ziokifijdk}`y
lnuh fhld`hz zxuvhyhm suhfhuuhm wikh dkm jnjb}di`z ']de`h 4)+ ]ghuhfnuh i} wdz jnkj`xmhm }gd}
d`jngn` suhfhuhkjh wdz kn} ikmhshkmhk} nf }gh ohkmhu nf }gh jnkzxlhu+
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
10/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
43
]de`h 4 D`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh ey Ohkmhu
OHKMHU Ehhu _ikh @itxnu Jnjb}di`z Knkh ]n}d`
Ld`h 55 5 43 6 = ==
Fhld`h 8 59 : 48 6 87
]n}d`5? :4 4: 54 43 435
]gh z}xmy d`zn fnxkm }gd} doh gdm dk hffhj} nk d`jngn` suhfhuhkjh wi}g d s vd`xh nf 5+545H : d}
}gh +38 `hvh`+ ]de`h 5 eh`nw zgnwz }gd} }gh nezhuvhm fuhtxhkjihz nf sdu}ijisdk}z =3 yhduz nf doh
nu ynxkohu suhfhuuhm ehhu dkm `itxnu ziokifijdk}`y lnuh }gdk }gnzh wgn whuh =3 yhduz nf doh nu
n`mhu+ ]gxz i} wdz jnkj`xmhm }gd} d`jngn` suhfhuhkjh wdz kn} ikmhshkmhk} nf }gh doh nf }gh
jnkzxlhu+
]de`h 5 D`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh ey Doh Ounxs
DOH Ehhu _ikh @itxnu Jnjb}di`z Knkh ]n}d`
Xkmhu =3 58 4? 44 44 ? ?4
Nvhu =3 5 4= 4 44 : :4
]n}d` 5? :4 45 55 43 435
Ik}huhz}iko`y, }gh z}xmy zgnwhm }gd} ikjnlh mim kn} gdvh d ziokifijdk} hffhj} nk d`jngn`
suhfhuhkjh wi}g d s vd`xh nf +:465 d} }gh +38 `hvh`+ ]ghuhfnuh i} wdz jnkj`xmhm }gd} }gh vduide`h
nf ikjnlh wdz ikmhshkmhk} nf d`jngn` suhfhuhkjh+ ]de`h : eh`nw i``xz}ud}hz }gd} ikmivimxd`z
zxuvhyhm wi}g dk ikjnlh nf -83,333 nu `hzz suhfhuuhm d`lnz} }gh zdlh }ysh nf d`jngn` dz
ikmivimxd`z zxuvhyhm wi}g dk ikjnlh nf -83,333 nu lnuh+
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
11/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
44
]de`h : D`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh ey Ikjnlh Ounxs
IKJNLH Ehhu _ikh @itxnu Jnjb}di`z Knkh ]n}d`
Xkmhu -83,333 48 4: 6 45 7 8=
Nvhu -83,333 44 47 6 44 5 =7
]n}d`56 :4 45 5: 43 435
Zikjh }giz zxuvhy wdz }gd} nf jnkvhkihkjh, fx}xuh z}xmihz uhodumiko }gh un`h nf doh,
ikjnlh, dkm ohkmhu ik d`jngn` suhfhuhkjh zgnx`m x}i`iqh d udkmnl zdls`h+ _i}g d udkmnl
zdls`h, uhzx`}z ldy uhdjg ehynkm }gh zdls`h dkm ldy gdvh ils`ijd}inkz uhodumiko }gh
snsx`d}ink+
Zxezhtxhk}`y, kn jnuuh`d}ink wdz fnxkm eh}whhk ikjnlh `hvh` dkm d`jngn` ehvhudoh
suhfhuhkjh+ D fx}xuh z}xmy jnx`m fnjxz nk zshjifij d`jngn` eudkmz wi}gik d`jngn` }ysh dkm }ghiu
snzzie`h uh`d}ink }n ikjnlh+ Fnu hdls`h, if nkh suhfhuz ehhu, mn }ghy suhfhu Exmwhizhu nu mn
}ghy suhfhu Ghikhbhk> ]giz jnx`m eh }hz}hm xziko }gh Dkd`yziz nf Vduidkjh eh}whhk }uhd}lhk}
vduidei`i}y }n fikm if }ghuh duh miffhuhkjhz eh}whhk miffhuhk} eudkmz nf ehhu dkm mhlnoudsgijz+
Jnkvhuzh`y, wi}gik}uhd}lhk} vduidei`i}y jnx`m eh xzhm }n }hz} d jnlsdkyz miffhuhk} zxeeudkm
ns}inkz zxjg dz Dei}d Dlehu, Dei}d ]xuenmno, nu Dei}d Sxus`h Gdqh+
D z}uhko}g nf }giz hdlikd}ink wdz }gd} dk h}hkzivh udkoh nf ikjnlhz dkm dohz whuh
d}}dikhm+ D`zn, dk d`lnz} htxd` kxlehu nf hdjg ohkmhu uhzsnkmhm }n }gh txhz}inkkdiuh+ Dkn}ghu
z}uhko}g wdz }gh zxuvhy i}zh`f, wgijg wdz lx`}is`h jgnijh+ D eundm dzznu}lhk} nf ns}inkz wdz
nffhuhm fnu }gh dkzwhuz, dkm }gh txhz}inkkdiuh wdz d`zn `ili}hm }n fnxu zgnu} dkm zils`h
txhz}inkz+ ]giz milikx}ivh `hko}g ldmh i} hdzy }n ne}dik }gh zxuvhyz ik d }ilh`y fdzgink+
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
12/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
45
ZXLLDUY DKM ILS@IJD]INKZ
]gh gysn}ghziz wdz ikjnuuhj} fnu }gh mhlnoudsgijz nf doh dkm ohkmhu, ex} wdz jnuuhj} fnu
}gh mhlnoudsgij nf ikjnlh+ Gnwhvhu, if ikjnlh mnhzk} zgnw d jnkkhj}ink }n d`jngn`
suhfhuhkjh }ghk jnlsdkihz zgnx`m fnuhon ounxsiko doh dkm ikjnlh }noh}ghu+ ]ghzh }wn
mhlnoudsgijz zgnx`m eh lhdzxuhm zhsdud}h`y+ Oivhk }gd} }gh d`jngn`ij ehvhudoh ikmxz}uy zshkmz
ei``inkz nf mn``duz d yhdu nk ldubh}iko, i} iz ilshud}ivh }gd} }gh exzikhzzhz uhjnokiqh }ghiu
dxmihkjh+ ]gh ldubh}iko udlifijd}inkz nf }giz z}xmy ldy dim jnlsdkihz ik gdviko d eh}}hu
xkmhuz}dkmiko nf bhy mhlnoudsgijz dkm }gh sunln}ink nf }ghiu sunmxj}z+
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
13/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
4:
DSSHKMIW D
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh
]gh sxusnzh nf }giz zxuvhy iz }n mh}hulikh if }ghuh iz d ziokifijdk} jnuuh`d}ink eh}whhk }ghzh }guhhbhy mhlnoudsgijz dkm d`jngn` suhfhuhkjh+ ]gh ikfnuld}ink jn``hj}hm wnx`m eh xzhfx` ik dexzikhzz hkviunklhk} oivhk i}z ldubh}iko udlifijd}inkz+
]giz zxuvhy iz jnkfimhk}id`+ S`hdzh mn kn} sx} ynxu kdlh nk }gh zxuvhy+ S`hdzh nk`y jghjb nkhe`dkb shu txhz}ink+
4+ _gd} iz ynxu ohkmhu>^^^^^^ Ld`h
^^^^^^ Fhld`h
5+ _gd} iz ynxu doh>^^^^^^ 4754
^^^^^^ 5558
^^^^^^ 56:3
^^^^^^ :4=3
^^^^^^ =483
^^^^^^ 8463
^^^^^^ 64 nu Nvhu
:+ _gd} iz ynxu gnxzhgn`m ikjnlh>^^^^^^ @hzz }gdk -43,333
^^^^^^ -43,333 }n -:3,333
^^^^^^ -:4,333 }n -83,333
^^^^^^ -84,333 }n -?3,333
^^^^^^ Lnuh }gdk -?3,333
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
14/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
4=
=+ _gd} }ysh nf d`jngn` mn ynx suhfhu> 'S`hdzh zh`hj} nk`y nkh+)^^^^^^ KnkD`jngn`ij Ehhu nu _ikh
^^^^^^ Ehhu
^^^^^^ _ikh
^^^^^^ @itxnu
^^^^^^ Jnjb}di`z 'Lihm Muikbz)
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
15/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
48
DSSHKMIW E
Ohkmhu dkm D`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh JgiZtxduh ]hz} nf Ikmhshkmhkjh
NEZHUVHM FUHTXHKJIHZ
D@JNGN@ SUHFHUHKJH
OHKMHU Ehhu _ikh @itxnu Jnjb}di`z Knkh ]n}d`
Ld`h 55 5 43 6 = ==
Fhld`h 8 59 : 48 6 87
]n}d` 5? :4 4: 54 43 435
HWSHJ]HM FUHTXHKJIHZ
D@JNGN@ SUHFHUHKJH
OHKMHU Ehhu _ikh @itxnu Jnjb}di`z Knkh ]n}d`
Ld`h 44+6=?4 4:+:?58 8+63?7 9+3877 =+:4:? ==
Fhld`h 48+:859 4?+65?8 ?+:955 44+9=45 8+676: 87
]n}d` 5? :4 4: 54 43 435
s vd`xh < 5+86=3:676599=H37
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
16/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
46
DSSHKMIW J
Doh dkm D`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh JgiZtxduh ]hz} nf Ikmhshkmhkjh
NEZHUVHM FUHTXHKJIHZ
D@JNGN@ SUHFHUHKJH
DOH Ehhu _ikh @itxnu Jnjb}di`z Knkh ]n}d`
Xkmhu =3 58 4? 44 44 ? ?4
Nvhu =3 5 4= 4 44 : :4
]n}d` 5? :4 45 55 43 435
HWSHJ]HM FUHTXHKJIHZ
D@JNGN@ SUHFHUHKJH
DOH Ehhu _ikh @itxnu Jnjb}di`z Knkh ]n}d`
Xkmhu =3 47+?9=4 54+8?7= 7+:859 48+:4:? 6+9637 ?4
Nvhu =3 7+5389 9+=546 :+6=?4 6+676: :+3:95 :4
]n}d` 5? :4 45 55 43 435
s vd`xh < 5+545:7?97=4=9H3:
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
17/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
4?
DSSHKMIW M
Ikjnlh dkm D`jngn` Suhfhuhkjh JgiZtxduh ]hz} nf Ikmhshkmhkjh
NEZHUVHM FUHTXHKJIHZ
D@JNGN@ SUHFHUHKJH
IKJNLH Ehhu _ikh @itxnu Jnjb}di`z Knkh ]n}d`
Xkmhu -83,333 48 4: 6 45 7 8=
Nvhu -83,333 44 47 6 44 5 =7
]n}d` 56 :4 45 5: 43 435
HWSHJ]HM FUHTXHKJIHZ
D@JNGN@ SUHFHUHKJH
IKJNLH Ehhu _ikh @itxnu Jnjb}di`z Knkh ]n}d`
Xkmhu -83,333 4:+?6=? 46+=447 6+:859 45+4?68 8+59=4 8=
Nvhu -83,333 45+5:8: 4=+8775 8+6=?4 43+75:8 =+?389 =7
]n}d` 56 :4 45 5: 43 435
s vd`xh < 3+:465?97??
7/23/2019 The Effect of Gender, Age, and Income on Alcohol Preference
18/18
]gh Hffhj} nf Ohkmhu, Doh, dkm Ikjnlh nk D`jngn` SuhfhuhkjhLnz`hy
47
UHFHUHKJHZ
Dunud, Udbzgd, dkm @ymid Zddm+ Ldubh}iko }n N`mhu Dff`xhk}z+ Od``xs Exzikhzz Anxukd`
'5345)1 k+ sdo+ _he+ 5? Nj}+ 5345+
Jnkzxlhu ]duoh}iko ik D`jngn`ij Muikbz1 Hffhj}ivh Ldubh}iko dkm Ikknvd}ink Z}ud}hoihz ey
Ohkmhu, Doh, Suijh dkm Njjdzink+ ldubh}uhzhdujg+jnl+ 58 Dxo+ 5343+ _he+ 34 Knv+
5345+
Ankhz, Zdkmud J+ Ehhu, End}z dkm Euhdz}z1 Uhzsnkzhz }n d Jnk}unvhuzid` D`jngn` Dmvhu}iziko
Jdlsdiok+ Fdjx`}y nf Ghd`}g dkm Ehgdvinxud` Zjihkjhz '5338)+ ??7:+ _he+ 34
Knv+ 5345+
Lnnuh, Ghd}ghu, Ugnkmd Ankhz_hee, ]udji ]nnlhy, dkm Bd}g`hhk @hkb+ D`jngn` Dmvhu}iziko
nk Ei``endumz, ]udkzi} Zgh`}huz, dkm Exz Ehkjghz ik Ikkhuji}y Khiogenugnnmz+
exzikhzz+giogehdl+jnl+ _he+ 53 Knv+ 5345+
Knvdb, Ax`ih D+ D`jngn` Sunln}ink dkm }gh Ldubh}iko Ikmxz}uy1 ]uhkmz, ]dj}ijz, dkm Sxe`ij
Ghd`}g+ dsn`kh}+jd+ Dzznjid}ink }n Uhmxjh D`jngn` Sunln}ink ik Nk}duin, 533=+ _he+
54 Knv+ 5345+
Ynub, Hli`y Euyznk+ @itxnu, _ikh Jnk}ikxh }n ]dbh Zgduh funl Ehhu Zd`hz+ Jgijdon
]uiexkhExzikhzz+ Jgijdon ]uiexkh+, :4 Adk+ 5345+ _he+ 53 Knv+ 5345+
Top Related