The Crusades
The Crusades
Madnick/Global History 9
The Crusades-definition
The Crusades werea series of wars between
Christians and Muslims over control of Jerusalem
• 1095-1291
• 8 Crusades
WE
ME
Constantinople
Jerusalem
TU
RK
S
The Crusades
The Problem:• Jerusalem was invaded by Seljuk Turks• threatened Christian pilgrimages from WE to Jerusalem• tried invading Constantinople
Jerusalem is the holy city of the…
The Crusades
The Solution:• Pope Urban told
European Christians to form armies and conquer Jerusalem
• Promised total forgiveness of sins to all Crusaders
God
Wills It!
The CrusadesThe Motivation—what made people go?
• Escaping hopeless poverty• Adventure and travel• Forgiveness of sins• Gaining land/wealth • Honest desire to save
Jerusalem and Christianity• Business opportunities-new
trade routes and products
The Crusades Business opportunities-new trade routes and products
• Italian cities: Florence, Venice, Genoa• had ships and great geographic
location • Italian cities became major players in
trade/transportation during the Crusades
• opened trade routes and brought new products to WE
The First Crusade, 1096-1147
• Crusaders left WE, August 1096• 12,000 of the original 30,000
crusaders reached Jerusalem June 1099
• captured Jerusalem and controlled it for 50 years
• Muslims took it back• Christians never regained
Jerusalem
The First Crusade
• On July 15, 1099 the Crusaders went over the city walls and unleashed unbridled carnage– Blood reportedly ran
knee-deep– 70,000 Muslims were
slaughtered– Jews gathered in a
synagogue for safety and were burned alive
The Fourth Crusade, 1201-1204
• crusaders attacked Constantinople• burned libraries and churches• people of Constantinople hated crusaders• reputation and powe of the Church began to
decline
WE
ME
Constantinople
Jerusalem
Children’s Crusade,1212
• 7,000 children set out for Jerusalem• believed God could help them • most starved or froze to death• another blow for rep. and power of the Catholic Church
Results of the Crusades
• Muslims kept control of Jerusalem and the Middle East
• Decline of Church power• Decline of Feudalism• Decline of Manorialism• Increased Trade and Exploration
Crusades Review
• List 3 Global History themes and examples
http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/12187-the-medieval-era-crusades-to-the-middle-east-video.htm
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