The Civil WarChapter 2, Section 3
By: Amanda Spagnolia, Tanner Lynch, Caden Orm
Resources, Strategies, and Early Battleshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYg3v9lUuNA
Advantages and Disadvantages● A growing population supports a wide range of manufacturing● Because of European immigrants factories were able to increase production
of war supplies● The north had a well developed railroad system● By 1861, the union navy launched more than 250 warships and constructing
many more● When started the Union army had about 16,000 men● The south had most of the nation's finest military leaders● Throughout the war General Lee provided the confederates with expert
military leadership
North and South Develope Their Strategies
● Each side had their own goals for the war● The North tried to starve the South into submission called
the Anaconda plan● The North seized the Mississippi River and the Gulf of
Mexico so the south could not send or receive shipments● The union seized a strategic railroad juncture at
Chattanooga
A Stalemate Develops
● On the east both sides had no clear victories● Troops on both sides struggled to advance and capture
ground● Due to advancements in weapons there could be more
than 10,000 casualties in a day● Certain battle are still remembered as some of the
deadliest battles in american history● Because of limitations in medicine, a lot of injured soldiers
died
Lincoln Proclaims Emancipation● Early in the war Lincoln emphasized that preserving the Union was his
goal although he was against slavery● He was trying to keep the support of the slave states (Maryland,
Delaware, Kentucky, and Missouri)● In January 1863 Lincoln as a “practical war measure”(Lincoln) issued
the Emancipation Proclamation● It didn’t apply to the slave states or the south under Union control so
no slaves were immediately free● After the Emancipation Proclamation Africans began running away to
join the Union, up to 180,000 Africans eventually fought for the Union
Emancipation Proclamation
War Affects Daily Life
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1HaWVXumg5w
The North Faces Problems● Congress passed a draft law in 1863; 20-45 to serve in
military when called● Rich white males payed a fee to avoid the military● The constitutional right of habeas corpus was suspended:
habeas corpus means no one can be held in prison without specific charges being filed
● Most thought his actions was unconstitutional
The South Suffers Hardships● Most battles took place in the south ● The agriculture was ruined ● The plan to starve the south into submission was on the
verge of succeeding ● South had always tried to ease economic problems ● Many doubted the true value of confederate money that
led to inflation or price increases● Shortage of food and the rising of pricing caused many
riots
War Leads to Social Change
● Women had jobs there were convenient for them; set up fields hospitals to help the wounded soldiers
● White and black teachers from the north went to the south to teach the free slaves
● Churches in the south supported the war● It is believed that when men came out of the war they had
become christian soldiers
The Union Prevails
● In 1863 the Union capture Vicksburg, Mississippi under Ulysses S. Grant
● He surrendered 30,000 Confederate troops in 3 weeks
● They succeed in splitting the Confederate territory apart with the “Anaconda Plan”
The Union Wins a Victory at Gettysburg
● General Lee loses at the town of Gettysburg in the East losing up to one third of his army
● It was the last big attempt the Confederates made to invade the North
● Lincoln goe to Gettysburg and delivers a speech known as the “Gettysburg Address” in which he reinforced the ideas for which they were fighting
The War Ends
● William T. Sherman led 60,000 Union troops through Georgia and South Carolina
● He used a strategy of “Total War” in which the troops destroy all resources the enemy could possibly use
● Confederate capital is captured by spring 1865 and on April 9th Lee surrendered to Grant in Virginia
The Civil War Has Lasting Impact
● More than one third of northern and southern soldiers were killed or disabled
● Southerners drifted to the north ● African Americans in the South, freedom promised new
opportunities for them● The war ended an era in american political life ● Citizens saw themselves as united nation
Work Cited www.civilwar.org
US History Textbook
http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-effect-of-war-on-civilians-in-the-united-states.html
www.history.com
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