The CERN international studyof Future Circular Colliders
Philippe LebrunCERN, Geneva, Switzerland
IOP Day on TLEPUniversity College London, 29 October 2013
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
2
European Strategy Update on Particle Physics
Exploit the full potential of the LHC
Ph. Lebrun
c) Europe’s top priority should be the exploitation of the full potential of the LHC, including the high-luminosity upgrade of the machine and detectors with a view to collecting ten times more data than in the initial design, by around 2030. This upgrade programme will also provide further exciting opportunities for the study of flavour physics and the quark-gluon plasma.
HL-LHC from a study to a PROJECT300 fb-1 → 3000 fb-1 by 2035
including LHC injectors upgrade LIU(Linac 4, Booster 2GeV, PS and SPS upgrade)
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
3
Technology for the HL-LHC project
Ph. Lebrun
• New IR-quads Nb3Sn (inner triplets)
• New 11 T Nb3Sn (short) dipoles
• Collimation upgrade• Cryogenics upgrade• Crab Cavities• Cold powering• Machine protection
Major intervention on more than 1.2 km of the LHC
Project leadership: L. Rossi and O. Brüning
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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HL-LHC project milestones
Ph. Lebrun
tod
ay
Kick-off meeting: 11th Nov. 2013 (Daresbury)
http://cern.ch/hilumilhc
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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European Strategy Update on Particle Physics Design studies and R&D at the energy
frontier
Ph. Lebrun
with emphasis on proton-proton and electron-positron high-energy frontier machines. These design studies should be coupled to a vigorous accelerator R&D programme, including high-field magnets and high-gradient accelerating structures, in collaboration with national institutes, laboratories and universities worldwide.
+ R&D on Proton-Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration (AWAKE Expt at CERN)
HFM HGA
d) CERN should undertake design studies for accelerator projects in a global context,
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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CLIC CDR and cost study (2012)
Ph. Lebrun
• 3 volumes: physics & detectors, accelerator complex, strategy, cost & schedule
• Collaborative effort: 40+ institutes worldwide
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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First approach to HE-LHC @ 33 TeV c.m.Malta Workshop 14-16 October 2010
Ph. Lebrun
0
20
40
60
80
0 20 40 60 80 100 120y
(mm
)
x (mm)
HTS
HTS
Nb3Snlow j
Nb-Ti
Nb-TiNb3Snlow j
Nb3Snlow j
Nb3Snhigh j
Nb3Snhigh j
Nb3Snhigh j
Nb3Snhigh j
Material N. turns Coil fraction Peak field Joverall (A/mm2) Nb-Ti 41 27% 8 380 Nb3Sn (high Jc) 55 37% 13 380 Nb3Sn (Low Jc) 30 20% 15 190 HTS 24 16% 20.5 380
Magnet design (20 T): very challenging but not impossible. 300 mm inter-beamMultiple powering in the same magnet (and more sectioning for energy)Work for 4 years to assess HTS for 2X20T to open the way to 16.5 T/beam .Otherwise limit field to 15.5 T for 2x13 TeVHigher INJ energy is desirable (2xSPS)
The synchrotron light is not a stopper by operating the beam screen at 60 K. The beam stability looks « easier » than LHC thanks to dumping time.Collimation is possibly not more difficult than HL-LHC. Reaching 2x1034 appears reasonable.The big challenge, after main magnet technology, is beam handling for INJ & beam dump: new kicker technology is needed since we cannot make twice more room for LHC kickers.
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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Exploratory studies for VHE-LHC
Ph. Lebrun
First studies on a new 80 km tunnel in the Geneva area
42 TeV with 8.3 T using present Nb-Ti LHC dipoles
80 TeV with 16 T based on Nb-Ti + Nb3Sn dipoles
100 TeV with 20 T based on Nb-Ti + Nb3Sn + HTS dipoles
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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The Future Circular Colliders (FCC) design study
Aiming for CDR and Cost Review for the next ESU (2018)
Ph. Lebrun
15 T 100 TeV in 100 km20 T 100 TeV in 80 km
• 80-100 km tunnel infrastructure in Geneva area• design driven by pp-collider requirements • with possibility of e+-e- (TLEP) and p-e (VLHeC)• CERN-hosted study performed in international
collaboration
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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Preliminary siting studies have started
Ph. Lebrun
• Project only in its very initial stage• To continue further the following steps are required
– Define project requirements• Detector cavern requirements, dump caverns, surface service
areas, shielding requirements, access, safety
– Optimization studies for the tunnel configuration• E.g. circumference, ring geometry, tunnel inclination, sector length,
shaft locations
– Create preliminary technical civil engineering designs– Continue feasibility studies– Continue environmental impact studies
John Osborne
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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Organization of FCC studyLeader Michael Benedikt, Deputy Frank
Zimmermann
Ph. Lebrun
Infrastructuretunnels, surface buildings, transport (access roads), civil engineering, cooling ventilation,
electricity, cryogenics, communication & IT, fabrication and installation processes, maintenance, environmental impact and monitoring, safety
Hadron colliderOptics and beam dynamics
Functional specificationsPerformance specs
Critical technical systemsRelated R+D programsHE-LHC comparisonOperation conceptDetector concept
Physics requirements
Hadron injectorsBeam optics and dynamics
Functional specsPerformance specs
Critical technical systemsOperation concept
e+ e- colliderOptics and beam
dynamics Functional specifications
Performance specsCritical technical systemsRelated R+D programs
Injector (Booster)Operation conceptDetector concept
Physics requirements
e- p option: Physics, Integration, additional requirements
Future Circular Colliders - Conceptual Design Study for next European Strategy Update (2018)
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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Main areas of FCC design study
Ph. Lebrun
Infrastructure
Hadron collider conceptual design
Lepton collider conceptual design
Hadron injectors
Safety, operation, energy management
environmental aspects
Machine and infrastructure
conceptual designs
High-field magnets
Superconducting RF systems
Cryogenics
Specific technologies
Planning
Technologies R&D activities
Planning
Hadron physics experiments
interface, integration
e+ e- coll. physics experiments
interface, integration
e- - p physics and integration aspects
Physics experiments
detectors
Michael Benedikt
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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Main parameters for FHC
Ph. Lebrun
PRELIMINARY
• Energy 100 TeV c.m.• Dipole field 15 T (baseline)
[20 T option] (design limit)• Circumference ~ 100 km• #IPs 2+2 • Beam-beam tune shift 0.01 (total) • Bunch spacing 50 ns
[5 ns option]• Peak luminosity 5x1034 cm-2s-1
• b* 1.1 m[2 m conservative option]linked to total beam current (~ 0.5-
1 A)Frank
Zimmermann
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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Main parameters for FLC (TLEP)
Ph. Lebrun
PRELIMINARY
• Energy 91-Z, 160-W, 240-H, 350-t GeV c.m.(energy upgrade 500-ZHH/ttH)
• Circumference ~ 100 km• Total SR power ≤ 100 MW (design limit)• #IPs 4 • Beam-beam tune shift / IP scaled from LEP• Peak luminosity / IP 5x1034 cm-2s-1 at Higgs• Top-up injection• by* 1 mm ~ sz
Frank Zimmermann
parameters TLEP Z TLEP W TLEP H TLEP t
Ec.m. [GeV] 91 160 240 350
beam current [mA] 1440 154 29.8 6.7# bunches/beam 7500 3200 167 160 20#e−/bunch [1011] 4.0 1.0 3.7 0.88 7.0ex, ey [nm] 29.2, 0.06 3.3,0.017 7.5, 0.015 2, .002
β∗x,y [mm] 500, 1 200, 1 500, 1 1000, 1
σ∗x,y[μm] 121, 0.25 26, 0.13 61, 0.12 45,.045 126,.13
σtotz,rms [mm] (w BS) 2.93 1.98 2.11 0.77 1.95
ESRloss/turn [GeV] 0.03 0.3 1.7 7.5
VRF,tot [GV] 2 2 6 12
ξx,,y/IP 0.068 0.086 0.094 0.057
/IP[1034cm−2s−1] 59 16 5 1.3 1.0#IPs 4 4 4 4 tbeam[min] (rad.Bhabha) 99 38 24 21 26
tbeam[min] (BS, h=2%) >1025 >106 9 3.5 0.5Ph. LebrunIOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October
201315
parameters LEP2 TLEP W TLEP H TLEP t
Ec.m. [GeV] 209 160 240 350
beam current [mA] 4 154 29.8 6.7# bunches/beam 4 3200 167 160 20#e−/bunch [1011] 5.8 1.0 3.7 0.88 7.0ex, ey [nm] 48, 0.25 3.3,0.017 7.5, 0.015 2, .002
β∗x,y [mm] 1500, 50 200, 1 500, 1 1000, 1
σ∗x,y[μm] 270, 3.5 26, 0.13 61, 0.12 45,.045 126,.13
σtotz,rms [mm] (w BS) 16.1 1.98 2.11 0.77 1.95
ESRloss/turn [GeV] 3.41 0.3 1.7 7.5
VRF,tot [GV] 3.64 2 6 12
ξx,,y/IP 0.066 (y) 0.086 0.094 0.057
/IP[1034cm−2s−1] 0.0125 16 5 1.3 1.0#IPs 4 4 4 4 tbeam[min] (rad.Bhabha) 363 38 24 21 26
tbeam[min] (BS, h=2%) >1035 >106 9 3.5 0.5
com-parison
with LEP2
Ph. LebrunIOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October
201316
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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Short beam lifetime requires top-up injection
Ph. Lebrun
• short beam lifetime (~tLEP2/40) due to high luminosity supported by top-up injection (used at KEKB, PEP-II, SLS,…)
• top-up also avoids ramping & thermal transients, and eases tuning
Frank Zimmermann
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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Top-up scheme
Ph. Lebrun
20 GeV
10 s
energy of accelerator ring
120 GeV injection into collider
injection into accelerator
beam current in collider (15 min. beam lifetime)
100%
99%almost constant current
acceleration time = 1.6 s (assuming SPS ramp rate)
Frank Zimmermann
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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Main parameters of FHLC
Ph. Lebrun
PRELIMINARY
• Beam energy e- 60, 120, 250 GeV • Beam energy p 50 TeV• Spot size determined by p• e- current from FLC (SR power ≤ 50 MW)• #IPs 1 or 2
Frank Zimmermann
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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FCC study milestones
Ph. Lebrun
tod
ayKick-off meeting
12th-14th February 2014
CDR and Cost Review 2018
Study
FCC
ES
U
Michael Benedikt
IOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October 2013
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Summary
Ph. Lebrun
• CERN is undertaking an international study for the design of future circular colliders (FCC) in the 100 km range
• Deliverables are a CDR and cost review for the next ESU (2018)
• Main emphasis is on a hadron collider with a c.m. energy of about 100 TeV at the energy frontier, largely determining the infrastructure
• The study will also contain an e+e- collider as potential intermediate step, and look at an e-p option
• FCC kick-off meeting 12-14 February 2014 in Geneva area
- Establish international collaborations - Define WPs and set-up study groups- International Advisory Committee (IAC)
• Collaborators welcome!
parameters TLEP W TLEP H TLEP t ZHH&ttH
Ec.m. [GeV] 160 240 350 500
beam current [mA] 154 29.8 6.7 1.6# bunches/beam 3200 167 160 20 10#e−/bunch [1011] 1.0 3.7 0.88 7.0 3.3ex, ey [nm] 3.3,0.017 7.5, 0.015 2, .002 4., 0.004
β∗x,y [mm] 200, 1 500, 1 1000, 1 1000, 1
σ∗x,y[μm] 26, 0.13 61, 0.12 45,.045 126,.13 63, 0.063
σtotz,rms [mm] (w BS) 1.98 2.11 0.77 1.95 1.81
ESRloss/turn [GeV] 0.3 1.7 7.5 31.4
VRF,tot [GV] 2 6 12 35
ξx,,y/IP 0.086 0.094 0.057 0.075
/IP[1034cm−2s−1] 16 5 1.3 1.0 0.5#IPs 4 4 4 4tbeam[min] (rad.Bhabha) 38 24 21 26 13
tbeam[min] (BS, h=2%) >106 9 3.5 0.5 ~1(h=3%)
TLEP energy upgrade
Ph. LebrunIOP Day on TLEP, UCL, 29 October
201323
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