Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
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Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMD), or TMJ Syndrome, is an umbrella term covering acute or chronic inflammation of the temporomandibular joint, which connects the mandible to the skull
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Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
• The disorder and resultant dysfunction can result in significant pain and impairment
• Because the disorder transcends the boundaries between several health-care disciplines — in particular,
- Dentistry - Neurology - Physical therapy - Psychology — there are a variety of treatment approaches
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Temporomandibular Joint Disorder
The temporomandibular joint is susceptible to many of the conditions that affect other joints in the body, including ankylosis, arthritis, trauma, dislocations, developmental anomalies, and neoplasia.
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Predisposing Factors
• Modification of chewing surfaces of the teeth through dental neglect or accidental trauma
• Speech habits resulting in jaw thrusting
• Excessive gum chewing or nail biting
• Excessive jaw movements associated with exercise
• Repetitive subconscious jaw movements associated with bruxing or clenching
• Size of foods eaten
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Signs and Symptoms
• Jaw pain and/or stiffness
• Headaches, usually at the temples and side of head
• Vague tooth soreness or toothache which often move around the mouth
• Sensitive teeth
• Painful or tender jaw joint
• Difficulty in opening jaw
• Pain and fatigue when eating hard or chewy foods
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• Clicks, pops, or grinding sound in jaw joint
• Ear pain
• Cervical neck tension and pain
• Tooth wear
• Awareness of grinding/clenching teeth while sleeping or awake (Bruxism)
• A pattern of breaking or cracking teeth with no other cause, i.e. tooth decay or trauma
• History of medically diagnosed migraine headaches (common incidence of concurrent TMD
Signs and Symptoms
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Treatment
The key words to keep in mind about TMD treatment are "conservative" and "reversible"
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Treatment
Conservative Treatments
• Conservative treatments are as simple as possible and are used most often because most patients do not have severe, degenerative TMD
• Conservative treatments do not invade the tissues of the face, jaw or joint
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Treatment
Reversible Treatments
Reversible treatments do not cause permanent, or irreversible, changes in the structure or position of the jaw or teeth
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TMJ Symptom Relief
Heat and Cold Packs
Heat and cold packs applied to the side of the face and temple for 10 minute intervals may reduce the intensity of the pain affecting the muscles and surrounding area of the jaw.
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TMJ Symptom Relief
Limit Jaw Movement
• It is important to avoid large movement of the jaw such as singing and wide yawning
• Do not apply pressure with your hand against your jaw for an extended time period during sleep
• Limit the pressure you apply with a phone receiver
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TMJ Symptom Relief
Diet
Choose soft food and stay away from foods requiring repetitive chewing or the mouth to open wide. In particular, avoid chewing gum, taffy, pretzels and raw carrots
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TMJ Symptom Relief
Dental Treatment
Continue to receive dental treatment for any teeth requiring restoration. Tooth decay may affect the bite, a contributing factor to TMJ.
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TMJ Symptom Relief
Physical Therapy, Biofeedback, and Massage
In some cases, physical therapy, biofeedback and massage provide temporary relief from TMJ
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TMJ Symptom Relief
Medications
• Some doctors may prescribe non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs like ibuprofen), muscle relaxants, anti-anxiety medications and in some cases anti-depressants
• The choice of medication depends on the intensity of the disorder and your medical history
• However, the need for medication is greatly reduced when treatment is received by an experienced TMJ dental professional
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Dental Appliances
TMJ Symptom Relief
• Your dentist may prescribe a dental appliance such as a mouth guard or splint to reduce the effects of tooth grinding and clenching
• Such appliances may also help improve your bite and the ability for the lower jaw to fall properly into the temporomandibular joint socket
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About Smile Care
Author Name : Dr. Kripa Shetty
Smile Care® has spearheaded the cause of modern
dentistry in India through its multitude of activities in the
field of dentistry.
Smile Care® is involved in Clinical Services, Continuing
Education, Clinical Research, Public Awareness and
Scientific Publication in the field of dentistry and offers
the synergistic benefit of these activities to all its clients.
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Contact Details
Smile Care ClinicBandra, Vashi, Nashik, Kolhapur
Email: [email protected]: 91 -22-26400188 / 83 Fax 91-22-26416342
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Issued in Public Interest by
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