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Tbilisi 2004
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PEHF< FLTBIDBKB
avisuflebis
institutiSSSSSSSSSS
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vtlbflf rfyjyb
es gamocema Tamar kinwuraSvilma
ganaxorciela amerikis saerTaSoriso
ganviTarebis saagentos (USAID)
finansuri daxmarebiT, saerTaSoriso
kvlevisa da gacvlebis
sabWosgan (IREX) miRebuli grantis
meSveobiT. miuxedavad amisa,
mxolod Tamar kinwuraSvili agebs
pasuxs am gamocemis Sinaarsze.
masSi gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi SesaZloa
ar gamoxatavdes saerTaSoriso kvlevisa
da gacvlebis sabWos (IREX), amerikis
saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos
warmomadgenlobis (USAID)
an amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis
mTavrobis oficialur pozicias.
redaqtorebi:
Tamar kinwuraSvili
daviT zurabiSvili
dizaini:
besik danelia
Sesavali 5
Tavi I. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba
gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb 11
Tavi II. sityvisa da gamoxatvis
Tavisuflebis garantiebi 17
Tavi III. informaciis Tavisufleba 19
Tavi IV. gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis
SezRudva 32
Tavi V. sisxlissamarTlebrivi
pasuxismgebloba
kanonsawinaaRmdego informaciis
gavrcelebisaTvis 53
Tavi VI. masobrivi informaciis
saSualebaTa dafuZneba
da saqmianobis Sewyveta 65
Tavi VII. Jurnalistis statusi 76
Tavi VIII. reklamis ganTavseba masobrivi
informaciis saSualebebSi 85
Tavi IX. saavtoro da momijnave uflebebi 90
Tavi X. dasasruli 100
Sinaarsi
yfobkb yfobkb yfobkb yfobkb yfobkb I
vtlbflf rfyjyb
yfobkb yfobkb yfobkb yfobkb yfobkb IIkanonebi
1. saqarTvelos kanoni presisa
da masobrivi informaciis
sxva saSualebebis Sesaxeb 105
2. saqarTvelos zogadi
administraciuli kodeqsi 111
3. saqarTvelos kanoni reklamis Sesaxeb 119
4. saqarTvelos kanoni
kavSirgabmulobisa da fostis Sesaxeb 128
5. saqarTvelos kanoni saavtoro da
momijnave uflebebis Sesaxeb 144
6. saqarTvelos kanoni saxelmwifo
saidumloebis Sesaxeb 169
7. saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsi 181
8. saqarTvelos sisxlis
samarTlis kodeqsi 183
9. saqarTvelos kanoni mavne zegavlenisgan
arasrulwlovanTa dacvis Sesaxeb 184
kanonproeqtebi
10.kanonproeqti sityvisa da presis
Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb 188
11.kanonproeqti mauwyeblobis Sesaxeb 200
ramdenime wlis winaT, roca aqtiur JurnalistikaSi
viyavi Cabmuli, mec da Cems kolegebsac naklebad mig-
viwvdeboda xeli iseT saxelmZRvaneloebze, romlebic
media-samarTals da saerTod, mediasTan dakavSire-
buli kanonmdeblobis mimoxilvas exeboda. codva gam-
xelili sjobs da, mas Semdeg arc qarTveli Jurnalis-
tebis biblioTeka gamdidrebula didad da arc mediis
warmomadgenelTa samarTlebrivi codna. SesaZloa,
swored imitom, rom sxva sferoebis msgavsad, Jurna-
listikasac daweril kanonebze metad xSirad TviTga-
darCenis kanonebi warmarTavda.
idea, Seqmniliyo saxelmZRvanelo, romelic, erTis
mxriv, kanonmdeblobaSi arsebul xarvezebze gaamax-
vilebda yuradRebas, meores mxriv ki, mediis warmo-
madgenlebs kanonTan urTierTobaSi gauwevda megzu-
robas, saerTaSoriso kvlevebisa da gacvlebis sabWos
(IREX) ekuTvnis. am ideis ganxorcieleba ki Tavisuf-
lebis institutisa da media samarTlisa da admi-
nistraciuli samarTlis eqspertis zurab adeiSvilis
TanamSromlobis Sedegad moxerxda. kanonmdeblobis
mimoxilvas, romlis avtori zurab adeiSvilia, safuZ-
SesavaliSesavaliSesavaliSesavaliSesavali
TviTgadarCenis kanoni gacilebiT
maRla dgas, vidre dawerili kanoni.
jefersoni
5/5
vtlbflf rfyjyb
vlad daedo sainformacio saSualebaTa xelmZRvanelebisa da maTi advokatebis gamokiTxva. aR-
niSnuli gamokiTxva gasul wels Tbilissa da saqarTvelos eqvss qalaqSi (axalcixe, gori, Telavi,
foTi, quTaisi, yvareli) Catarda.
49 sainformacio saSualebis* warmomadgenlis gamokiTxvis Sedegebis safuZvelze SesaZloa
saubari im ZiriTad tendenciebze, romlebic kanonis moqmedebis Tu umoqmedobis Sedegad qarTul
mediasTan mimarTebaSi iCens Tavs:
advokatebi, iuridiuli samsaxurebi. erTeuli gamonaklisebis garda, centraluri sainformacio
saSualebebis umetesobas sakuTari advokati an iuridiuli samsaxuri hyavs. gansxvavebuli
situaciaa regionebSi, sadac mediasaSualebebs an saerTod ar hyavT advokati, an mTlianad
arian damokidebuli arasamTavrobo da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis daxmarebaze.
sasamarTlo davebi. centraluri mediis winaaRmdeg ZiriTadad sasamarTlos calkeuli moxeleebi
mimarTavdnen pativis, Rirsebisa da saqmiani reputaciis Selaxvis, aseve maT mimarT
cilismwamebluri cnobebis gavrcelebis braldebiT. erTeul SemTxvevebs SeiZleba
mivakuTvnoT saavtoro uflebebTan, piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobasTan da saxelfaso
davalianebasTan dakavSirebuli sasamarTlo davebi.
regionaluri mediidan calke aRniSvnis Rirsia quTaisis masobrivi informaciis saSualebebi,
romlebic Tanamdebobis pirebTan konfliqtis mxriv (pativis, Rirsebisa da saqmiani reputaciis
SelaxvasTan dakavSirebuli sasamarTlo saqmeebi) ar Camouvardebian centralur medias. aseve
unda aRiniSnos quTaisSi gasul wels gamarTuli erT-erTi gaxmaurebuli sasamarTlo procesi,
romelic teqnikuri sababiT radiosadguris (`Zveli qalaqi~) daxurvas isaxavda miznad. rac
Seexeba sxva tipis sasamarTlo procesebs, regionebisTvis ZiriTadad damaxasiaTebeli iyo
sakuTrebiTi xasiaTis davebi.
SemTxvevas, roca Jurnalistma (`Tavisufali sityva~, foTi) Tavad mimarTa foTis
prokuraturas ori saCivriT foTis yofili meris mier mis winaaRmdeg ganxorcielebuli
araerTi muqarisa da xulignuri qmedebis gamo, araviTari samarTlebrivi reagireba
ar mohyolia.
* ix. gv. 225
informaciis sajarooba. iseve rogorc centraluri, regionaluri sainformacio saSualebebis
umetesoba acxadebs, rom informaciis mopovebis problema maT ar SeqmniaT. garda im
sainformacio saSualebebisa, romelTac specifikidan gamomdinare (gasarTobi arxebi,
SemecnebiTi programebi) ar sWirdebaT informaciis mopoveba, am kategoriaSi iseTebic
(yoveldRiuri gazeTebi, sainformacio telegadacemebi) xvdebian, romlebsac yoveldRiurad
uwevT TavianTi profesiuli movaleobis Sesruleba, anu informaciis mopoveba.
centrSic da regionSic SegviZlia davasaxeloT iseTi sainformacio saSualebebi, romelTac
informaciis mopovebis problema SeeqmnaT, magram miuxedavad amisa, ar isargebles
administraciuli kodeqsiT miniWebuli uflebiT da informaciis gamoTxovas sasamarTlos
meSveobiT ar Seecadnen. amas, rogorc centraluri, aseve regionaluri mediis warmomadgenlebi
ramodenime mizeziT xsnian: erTi, rom informaciis gamoTxovis procesi droSi iweleba,
(`informacias gawvdian, magram dagvianebiT~). meore, anu alternatiuli gza, romelsac
Jurnalistebi administraciul kodeqsze ufro xSirad mimarTaven, aris informaciis piradi
anu kuluaruli urTierTobebiT mopoveba. informaciis mopovebis es forma TavisTavad
saZraxisi ar aris, rodesac saqme sazogadoebrivad Rirebul informacias Seexeba, Tumca
garkveul safrTxeebs Seicavs. kuluaruli urTierToba, rogorc wesi, ormxriv
valdebulebebs gulisxmobs da garigebas esazRvreba. ar aris gamoricxuli, rom garigebaTa
praqtikam saboloo jamSi ufro didi ziani miayenos mediis Tavisuflebis xarisxs da gadawonos
is sazogadoebrivi sikeTe, romelic sazogadoebis droul informirebas moaqvs.
dasaxelebuli 49 sainformacio saSualebidan unda aRiniSnos erTaderTi SemTxveva, rodesac
Jurnalistma (`Tavisufali sityva~, foTi) informaciis mopoveba sasamarTloSi Civilis
muqariT SesZlo. regionebSi adgili hqonda iseT SemTxvevebsac, rodesac kanonis arcodnis
gamo, Jurnalistebi sajaro dawesebulebebidan kanoniT akrZalul komerciuli xasiaTis
informacias iTxovdnen.
yvelaze daxurul sajaro dawesebulebad centraluri sainformacio saSualebebi saxelmwifo
kancelariasa da samarTaldamcav struqturebs asaxeleben; regionaluri media ki _ adgilobrivi
mmarTvelobis sxvadasxva struqturebs, prokuraturas, policias, kontrolis palatas.
aRniSnuli monacemebi iZleva imis Tqmis safuZvels, rom mediasaSualebebi administraciul
kodeqss nakleb iyeneben. amis mizezi zog SemTxvevebSi kodeqsis arcodnaa, zog SemTxvevebSi ki
is, rom Jurnalistebi sjerdebian informacias, maT Soris kuluaruls, romelTac `mza~ saxiT
awvdian da naklebi moTxovnileba aqvT informaciis damoukideblad mopovebaze.
6/7
vtlbflf rfyjyb
kanonmdeblobaSi arsebuli xarvezebi. sainformacio saSualebaTa umetesoba erTsulovania im
sakiTxSi, rom kanoni presis Sesaxeb bevr xarvezs Seicavs. am mosazrebas iziareben media-
saSualebaTa advokatebic, romlebic, arsebuli praqtikidan gamomdinare, samoqalaqo kodeqsis
me-18 muxlis daxvewis aucileblobaze amaxvileben yuradRebas.
sainformacio saSualebaTa umetesobisaTvis aseve aqtualuria sagadasaxado kanonmdeblobis
liberalizaciis sakiTxic.
saboloo jamSi SeiZleba iTqvas, rom mediis warmomadgenelTa umetesi nawili naklebad aris
gacnobierebuli moqmed kanonmdeblobaSi. aris SemTxvevebi, roca sainformacio saSualebaTa
warmomadgenlebi Jurnalisturi TviTregulirebis sakiTxebs sakanonmdeblo regulirebis
sferos miakuTvneben, zog SemTxvevaSi ki piriqiT, sagadasaxado kodeqssa da Sromis
kanonmdeblobas arasakanonmdeblo regulirebis sferoSi moiazreben. gacilebiT mZime
mdgomareobaa regionalur mediaSi, sadac aT respondents saerTod gauWirda
kanonmdeblobasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze saubari.
swored gamokiTxvis Sedegad gamovlenili am problemebis daZlevas da arsebuli vakuumis Sevsebas
isaxavs miznad es saxelmZRvanelo, romlis pirveli nawili kanonmdeblobis mimoxilvas eTmoba;
meore nawili ki moqmed kanonebsa da maT anotacias; aseve Tavisuflebis institutis mier
momzadebul kanonproeqtebs, romelTa miRebis aucileblobas moqmed kanonmdeblobaSi arsebuli
xarvezebi gvkarnaxobs da romlebmac saerTaSoriso eqspertebis maRali Sefasebebi daimsaxures.
dasasruls, madloba minda gadavuxado saerTaSoriso kvlevebisa da gacvlebis sabWos, romlis
mxardaWeriTac SesaZlebeli gaxda am saxelmZRvanelos gamocema da `media da kanonis~ avtors
zurab adeiSvils, romelmac popularuli eniT gadmosca is, rac araiuridiuli diplomis mqone
kacs SesaZloa, abrakadabrad moCveneboda.
imeds vitoveb, rom aRniSnuli saxelmZRvanelo sainformacio saSualebebs kanonTan urTierTobas
gauiolebs.
Tamar kinwuraSvili
Tavi I. SesavaliTavi I. SesavaliTavi I. SesavaliTavi I. SesavaliTavi I. Sesavali
1995 wels konstituciis miRebisa da saerTaSoriso
samarTlebrivi aqtebis ratificirebis safuZvelze,
saqarTveloSi pirvelad Seiqmna sityvis Tavisufle-
basTan dakavSirebiT Tanamedrove dasavlur fase-
ulobebze dafuZnebuli sakanonmdeblo CarCos Camo-
yalibebis SesaZlebloba. 1999 wels saqarTvelo gaxda
evropis sabWos wevri qveyana da Sesabamisad, igi Seu-
erTda adamianis uflebaTa evropul konvencias.
gamoxatvis Tavisuflebas gansakuTrebuli adgili
ukavia adamianis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa siste-
maSi, radgan swored is ganapirobebs sxva uflebebiTa
da TavisuflebebiT sargeblobis SesaZleblobas. swo-
red amitomac gamoxatvis Tavisufleba gansakuTre-
buli dacviT sargeblobs.
miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTveloSi adamianis ufle-
baTa evropuli konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli stan-
dartebi vrceldeba, sityvis Tavisuflebis maregu-
lirebeli qarTuli kanonmdebloba sakmaod winaaR-
saqarTvelos
kanonmdebloba
gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis
Sesaxeb
10/11
vtlbflf rfyjyb
mdegobrivia. miuxedavad mravali mcdelobisa, ver moxerxda axali
sakanonmdeblo aqtis miReba, romelic am sferoSi seriozul garantiebs
Seqmnida. sityvisa da presis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb kanonproeqtis gan-
xilvas, romelic saqarTvelos parlamentma 1999 wels pirveli mosmeniT
miiRo, oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi araviTari progresi ar ganucdia. ufro
metic, bolo periodSi SeiniSneba revanSistuli tendenciebic, rasac 2003
wlis ivnisSi pirveli mosmeniT miRebuli sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis
cvlilebebic adasturebs, romlis mixedviTac, saqarTveloSi unda dab-
runebuliyo ciliswamebisaTvis sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblo-
bis sabWouri debulebebi.
winaaRmdegobriv kanonmdeblobasTan erTad situacias sasamarTlo praq-
tikis araerTgvarovnebac arTulebs. sasamarTlo zog SemTxvevaSi iRebs
evrosasamarTlos mier dawesebul standartebTan Sesabamiss gadawyve-
tilebebs. Tumca, am gadawyvetilebebis gverdiT arcTu iSviaTad xdeba
iseTi gadawyvetilebebis gamotana, romlebic ewinaaRmdegeba saqarTve-
los moqmed kanonmdeblobas da realur safrTxes uqmnis sityvis
Tavisuflebas saqarTveloSi.
miuxedavad amgvari tendenciebisa, sazogadoebaSi gavrcelebulia mosaz-
reba, rom saqarTveloSi sityvis Tavisufleba yvelaze ufro dacul
uflebas warmoadgens. bevri miiCnevs, rom Cvens qveyanaSi sityvis Tavi-
sufleba garantirebulia da mas araviTari safrTxe ar emuqreba. Tu am
mosazrebaSi WeSmaritebis marcvali devs, es kanonmdeblobiT an sasamar-
Tlo praqtikiT Seqmnili garantiebiT namdvilad ar aris ganpirobebuli.
amis mizezi xelisuflebis sisusteSi unda veZeboT, romelsac ar Seswevs
unari, efeqturad ebrZolos raime movlenas. susti xelisufleba uuna-
roa, miiRos iseTi efeqturi zomebi, romlebic adamianis bunebiT uf-
lebas _ sityvis Tavisuflebas daTrgunavda, iseve rogorc uunaroa, ebr-
Zolos kontrabandas, korufcias da aS. amave dros xelisufleba,
romelic ufro dabal
standartebs
iTvaliswinebs
romelsac sazogadoebis ndoba ar gaaCnia, verasodes gabedavs, ieriSi
miitanos Tavisufal mediaze, xolo Tu gabedavs, es SeiZleba misTvis
savalalod dasruldes. amis saukeTeso magaliTs 2001 wlis SemodgomiT
ganviTarebuli movlenebic warmoadgens. magram, aris Tu ara kanonm-
deblobiT da sasamarTlo praqtikiT Seqmnili sakmarisi garantiebi imi-
saTvis, rom popularuli xelisuflebis Semotevas gauZlos? am kiTxvaze
dadebiTi pasuxis gacema gaZneldeba. swored amitomac, dRes demokra-
tiuli sazogadoebis sasicocxlo interess sityvisa da gamoxatvis Tavi-
suflebasTan dakavSirebiT axali sakanonmdeblo garantiebis Seqmna war-
moadgens.
romeli sakanonmdeblo aqtebi awesrigebs
gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb debulebebs?
gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb normebi mxolod erT romelime saka-
nonmdeblo aqtSi ar aris koncentrirebuli. sityvisa da gamoxatvis Ta-
visufleba garantirebulia rogorc konstituciiTa da saerTaSoriso
dokumentebiT, ise sakanonmdeblo da kanonqvemdebare aqtebiT. qvemoT
Cven CamovTvliT yvelze ufro mniSvnelovan sakanonmdeblo aqtebs,
romlebic sityvisa da gamoxatvis Tavisuflebas aregulirebs.
saqarTvelos konstitucia
saqarTvelos konstitucia qveynis ZiriTadi kanonia, romelic 1995 wlis
24 agvistosaa miRebuli. konstituciiT Seqmnil sityvis Tavisuflebis
garantiebs arsebiTi mniSvneloba gaaCnia, radgan is sxva sakanonmdeblo
aqtebis Sinaarss ganapirobebs. saqarTvelos konstitucia sityvisa da
gamoxatvis Tavisuflebas 19-e da 24-e muxlebiT awesrigebs.
roca telekompania
`rusTavi 2~-is
dasacavad TbilisSi
xalxmravali
demonstraciebi moewyo,
rasac Sedegad
mTavrobis gadayeneba
mohyva.
?
12/13
vtlbflf rfyjyb
saqarTvelos kanoni `presisa da masobrivi informaciis
sxva saSualebebis Sesaxeb~
es kanoni masmediis sferos maregulirebel specialur sakanonmdeblo
aqts warmoadgens, romelic 1991 wlis 10 agvistosaa miRebuli. 1994 wlis
28 oqtombris, 1997 wlis 28 oqtombrisa da 1997 wlis 25 noembris Seswo-
rebebis safuZvelze, aRniSnulma kanonma umniSvnelo cvlilebebi gani-
cada.
`presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebis Sesaxeb~ kanoni pos-
tkomunisturi epoqis gariJraJzea miRebuli da Sesabamisad, masSi bevri
deklaraciuli da rudimentuli debulebaa. samwuxaroa, magram Tavad
aRniSnuli kanoni ar qmnis mis mier ganmtkicebuli uflebebis ganxorci-
elebis samarTlebriv meqanizmebs. igrZnoba sabWouri sakanonmdeblo
kulturis didi zegavlena kanonis garkveul debulebebze, romlebic
dRes ukve anomalias warmoadgenen. magaliTad, is aregulirebs iseT Si-
dasaredaqcio sakiTxebs, rogoricaa saredaqcio wesdeba, redaqtors, re-
daqciasa da damfuZnebels Soris urTierToba, an Tundac saqarTveloSi
ucxoeli Jurnalistebis moRvaweoba da a.S. kanonis anaqronizmis das-
turad kidev erTi, saxeldobr me-17 muxlis moyvanaa SesaZlebeli:
`calkeul organizaciebs an moqalaqeTa jgufebs SeuZliaT Seqmnan
damoukidebeli sawarmo sameurneo angariSze da xelSekrulebis
safuZvelze gaavrcelon nebismieri perioduli gamocema. yvela
aseTi sawarmo saWiroebs specialur registracias kanoniT
dadgenili wesiT”; „beWdviTi gamocemis tiraJs gansazRvravs
damfuZnebeli. saqarTvelos prezidents ufleba aqvs gazardos
an Seamciros saxelmwifo dotaciaze myofi nebismieri perioduli
gamocemis tiraJi.“
sabazro ekonomikis maregulirebeli fundamenturi kanonebis miRebis
pirobebSi, cxadia, dRis wesrigSi dgeba saerTod kanonis amgvari normebis
arsebobis mizanSewonilobis sakiTxi.
samoqalaqo kodeqsi
samoqalaqo kodeqsi 1997 welsaa miRebuli da samarTlebrivi reformis
erT-erT umTavress monapovars warmoadgens. es sakanonmdeblo aqti iT-
valiswinebs samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis formebs informaciisaTvis,
romelic ar Seesabameba sinamdviles, laxavs pativsa da Rirsebas. kodeqsi
aseve iTvaliswinebs aseTi informaciis gavrcelebis Sedegad miRebuli
qonebrivi Tu araqonebrivi zianis anazRaurebis wess.
sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi
kodeqsi miRebulia 1999 wlis ivnisSi. is iTvaliswinebs sisxlis samarT-
lebriv pasuxismgeblobas kanoniT akrZaluli zogierTi informaciis
gavrcelebisaTvis, kerZod:
ciliswamebisaTvis;
saxelmwifo saidumloebas mikuTvnebuli informaciis
gamJRavnebisaTvis;
omis propagandisaTvis,
xelisuflebis damxobisaken mowodebisaTvis da a.S.
saqarTvelos kanoni `mavne zegavlenisagan
arasrulwlovanTa dacvis Sesaxeb~.
kanoni 2001 wlis 28 seqtembersaa miRebuli. igi miznad isaxavs arasrul-
wlovanTa dacvas im mavne zegavlenisagan, romelic kino, video, tele-
filmebis Cvenebas da nabeWd produqcias ukavSirdeba.
sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi
kodeqsi miRebulia 1998 wlis aprilSi da mis ZiriTad amocanas sityvis
TavisuflebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis gadawyveta ar warmoadgens.
es kodeqsi CvenTvis imiTaa sayuradRebo, rom igi wyaros konfidenci-
alurobasTan dakavSirebul debulebebs Seicavs.
moraluri
14/15
vtlbflf rfyjyb
saqarTvelos kanoni `kavSirgabmulobisa da fostis Sesaxeb~
kanoni 1999 wlis 23 ivlissaa miRebuli da sayuradReboa imiT, rom awesrigebs samauwyeblo
licenziis gacemis, SeCerebisa da gauqmebis wessa da pirobebs.
saqarTvelos kanoni `reklamis Sesaxeb~
kanoni miRebulia 1998 wlis 18 Tebervals. is awesrigebs masobrivi informaciis saSualebebSi
reklamis ganTavsebis sakiTxebs, kerZod:
adgens reklamis ganTavsebis sixSiresa da periodulobas;
krZalavs arasaTanado reklamis ganTavsebas;
awesebs pasuxismgeblobas kanonmdeblobis darRveviT reklamis gavrcelebisaTvis.
saqarTvelos kanoni „saavtoro da momijnave uflebebis Sesaxeb“
es kanoni miRebulia 1999 wels da mis umTavress mizans saavtoro da momijnave uflebebis dacva
warmoadgens.
saqarTvelos mier ratificirebuli saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebi da SeTanxmebebi
saqarTvelos konstituciis me-6 muxlis Sesabamisad, saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebas an SeTanxmebas,
Tu igi saqarTvelos konstitucias ar ewinaaRmdegeba, Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi normatiuli aqtebis
mimarT upiratesi iuridiuli Zala aqvs. Tu romelime kanoni an kanonqvemdebare aqti saerTaSoriso
xelSekrulebas ewinaaRmdegeba, maSin moqmedebs saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli
debulebebi. yvela am xelSekrulebas pirdapiri moqmedebis Zala gaaCnia.
saqarTvelos ratificirebuli aqvs iseTi mniSvnelovani saerTaSoriso dokumentebi, rogoricaa
1948 wlis 10 dekembris adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaracia, 1950 wlis adamianis ufle-
bebisa da fundamenturi Tavisuflebebis dacvis evropis konvencia, 1966 wlis samoqalaqo da poli-
tikuri uflebebis saerTaSoriso paqti. adamianis uflebebisa da fundamenturi Tavisuflebebis
dacvis evropis konvenciis ratificirebis Sedegad, saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs ufleba aqvT, yvela
Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi proceduris amowurvis Semdeg, mimarTon adamianis uflebaTa evropis
sasamarTlos, Tu saqarTveloSi am konvenciiT garantirebuli romelime ufleba, maT Soris sityvis
Tavisufleba, dairRveva. konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli sityvis Tavisufleba daculia im mocu-
lobiT, rogorc es ganmartebulia strasburgis sasamarTlos praqtikiT.
ra sakanonmdeblo aqtebiTaa
garantirebuli sityvisa da gamoxatvis
Tavisufleba?
ZiriTad sakanonmdeblo aqts, romliTac sityvis Tavi-
suflebaa garantirebuli, warmoadgens saqarTvelos
konstitucia. igi aseve iTvaliswinebs sajaro dawe-
sebulebebSi daculi informaciis Tavisuflad miRe-
bis SesaZleblobas da sityvis Tavisuflebis SezRud-
vis farglebsa da wess.
konstituciis me-19 muxlSi aRniSnulia, rom:
`yovel adamians aqvs sityvis, azris, sindisis,
aRmsareblobisa da rwmenis Tavisufleba.~
saqarTvelos konstituciis 24-e muxli ki acxadebs,
rom:
`yovel adamians aqvs ufleba Tavisuflad
miiRos da gaavrcelos informacia, gamoTqvas
da gaavrcelos Tavisi azri zepirad,
werilobiT an sxvagvari saSualebiT.~
?
Tavi II.Tavi II.Tavi II.Tavi II.Tavi II. sityvisa da gamoxatvissityvisa da gamoxatvissityvisa da gamoxatvissityvisa da gamoxatvissityvisa da gamoxatvis
Tavisuflebis garantiebiTavisuflebis garantiebiTavisuflebis garantiebiTavisuflebis garantiebiTavisuflebis garantiebi
16/17
vtlbflf rfyjyb
piris ufleba, miiRos da gaavrcelos informacia nebismieri saSuale-
biT, gulisxmobs imas, rom aravis ar sWirdeba winaswari nebarTva in-
formaciis Segrovebis, damuSavebis an gavrcelebisaTvis. konstitucia,
iseve rogorc saerTaSoriso dokumentebi, krZalavs saxelmwifos mxri-
dan raime saxis kontrols informaciis gavrcelebis Tanamedrove saSu-
alebebze. gamonakliss warmoadgens samauwyeblo sixSiris gamoyeneba, rac
bunebrivad amowurvadi resursia.
konstituciis me-19 muxli ki yvelas icavs pasuxismgeblobisagan infor-
maciis gavrcelebisaTvis. saxeldobr:
`dauSvebelia adamianis devna sityvis, azris, aRmsareblobis
an rwmenis gamo, agreTve misi iZuleba gamoTqvas Tavisi
Sexeduleba maT Sesaxeb~.
werilobiT, zepirad
da a. S.
saxelmwifo moqalaqeTa mier gadaxdili gadasaxadebiT fi-
nansdeba. Sesabamisad, sazogadoebas aqvs sruli ufleba,
icodes, Tu ras saqmianobs esa Tu is saxelmwifo organo.
amave dros xalxi ver miiRebs srulfasovan monawileobas
saxelmwifos marTvaSi, Tu igi ar flobs srulyofil infor-
macias xelisuflebis organoTa saqmianobis Sesaxeb. amisaT-
vis ki aucilebelia, rom sazogadoebas xeli miuwvdebodes
xelisuflebis organoebSi dacul informaciaze. saxelmwi-
fo organoTa gamWvirvaloba demokratiuli mmarTvelobis
aucilebel pirobas warmoadgens.
aqvs Tu ara Jurnalists saxelmwifosagan
informaciis miRebis ufleba?
aqvs.
informaciis xelmisawvdomobis moTxovna vrceldeba ara-
marto saxelmwifo dawesebulebebze, aramed adgilobrivi
TviTmmarTvelobis da mmarTvelobis organoze, agreTve
sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirebze. zogadi administra-
ciuli kodeqsi yvela am dawesebulebas sajaro dawesebu-
lebas uwodebs.
magaliTad, saxelm-
wifo universite-
tebi, foTis porti,
notariusTa palata
da a.S, garda poli-
tikuri da religi-
uri gaerTianebebisa.
magaliTad, parla-
menti, saxelmwifo
kancelaria, saminis-
tro, saxelmwifo
departamenti, saqve-
uwyebo dawesebu-
leba, maregulire-
beli komisia, sasa-
marTlo da a. S.
?sakrebulo, meria,
gamgeoba da a.S.
Tavi III.Tavi III.Tavi III.Tavi III.Tavi III. informaciis Tavisuflebainformaciis Tavisuflebainformaciis Tavisuflebainformaciis Tavisuflebainformaciis Tavisufleba
18/19
vtlbflf rfyjyb
sajaro dawesebulebad CaiTvleba agreTve nebismieri piri, romelic ka-
nonmdeblobis safuZvelze asrulebs sajaro uflebamosilebebs am uf-
lebamosilebebis ganxorcielebisas.
sajaro dawesebulebad aseve CaiTvleba saxelmwifo an adgilobrivi
biujetidan dafinansebuli kerZo samarTlis iuridiuli piri, aseTi
dafinansebis farglebSi.
sajaro dawesebulebebSi daculi
ra saxis informaciaa Riaa?
yvela, garda saidumlod aRiarebuli informaciisa.
kodeqsis mixedviT, saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqes, ucxoeTis moqalaqes,
iuridiul pirs aqvs ufleba, moiTxovos sajaro dawesebulebaSi arsebu-
li, agreTve maT mier miRebuli, Seqmnili an gagzavnili nebismieri infor-
macia.
sajaro dawesebuleba valdebulia, uzrunvelyos yvela am informaciis
xelmisawvdomoba, garda im informaciisa, romelic kanonis Sesabamisad,
aRiarebulia saxelmwifo, komerciul, profesiul an pirad saidumlo-
ebad.
sajaro dawesebulebas mxolod kanoniT zustad gansazRvrul SemTxve-
vebSi aqvs ufleba, gaasaidumlos esa Tu is informacia. aseT SemTxvevebSi
sajaro dawesebulebam unda daasabuTos, romeli normis safuZvelze mox-
da informaciis gasaidumloeba. gasaidumloebul informacias unda mi-
eniWos grifi `saidumlo~. saidumlo informaciaTa Soris yvelaze mniS-
vnelovans saxelmwifo saidumloeba warmoadgens. ama Tu im informaciis
saxelmwifo saidumloebad miCneva `saxelmwifo saidumloebis Sesaxeb~
magaliTad, S.p.s. „re-
monts“ mieniWa manqane-
bis teqnikuri daTvali-
erebis dokumentis ga-
cemis uflebamosileba.
igi valdebulia, uzrun-
velyos am saqmianobas-
Tan dakavSirebuli ne-
bismieri informaciis
xelmisawvdomoba.
magaliTad, Jurnali „di-
la“ yovelwliurad saxel-
mwifo biujetidan iRebs
10 000 lars. Jurnalis
saerTo wliuri biujeti
Seadgens 50 000 lars.
Jurnalis gamomcemeli
sajaro dawesebulebad
iTvleba mxolod saxel-
mwifo biujetidan gamo-
yofili Tanxebis gankar-
gvis nawilSi da valde-
bulia, sazogadoebisaT-
vis xelmisawvdomi gaxa-
dos yvela informacia
biujetidan miRebuli
Tanxebis gankargvisa da
miRebuli Sedegis Sesaxeb.
Tumca, Jurnalis redaq-
cia ar aris valdebuli,
gasces informacia sxva
wyaroebidan miRebuli
Tanxebis gankargvasTan
dakavSirebiT.
?
saqarTvelos 1996 wlis kanonis Sesabamisad unda moxdes. am kanonis
mixedviT, Tanamdebobis pirTa mxolod SezRudul wres gaaCnia saxel-
mwifo saidumloebad ama Tu im informaciis mikuTvnebis uflebamosi-
leba.
SesaZlebelia Tu ara sajaro dawesebulebaSi daculi
komerciuli saidumloebis Semcveli informaciis miReba?
komerciul saidumloebad CaiTvleba nebismieri informacia, romelsac
komerciuli Rirebuleba gaaCnia. es informacia SeiZleba iyos gegmis,
procesis, formulis saxis da unda exebodes saqonlis warmoebas, gada-
muSavebas, momzadebas an momsaxurebis gawevas. es informacia SeiZleba
warmoadgendes siaxles an teqnikuri Semoqmedebis mniSvnelovan Sedegs.
komerciul saidumloebas aseve miekuTvneba nebismieri informacia, rom-
lis gamJRavnebam SesaZloa, ziani miayenos piris konkurentunarianobas
bazarze.
zogjer, kanoni pirdapir iTvaliswinebs informaciis komerciuli sa-
idumloebisaTvis mikuTvnebis sakiTxs. aseT SemTxvevaSi, sajaro dawe-
sebuleba, romelic am informacias miiRebs, valdebulia, avtomaturad
cnos is komerciul saidumloebad. sxva SemTxvevaSi, informacia komer-
ciul saidumloebad CaiTvleba mxolod Sesabamisi piris moTxovnis
safuZvelze. rodesac piri gadascems informacias sajaro dawesebule-
bas, man iqve unda miuTiTos, surs Tu ara am informaciis Sinaarsis kon-
fidencialobis uzrunvelyofa. Tu piri informaciis wardgenisas ar
miuTiTebs, rom mis mier wardgenili informacia mis komerciul saidum-
loebas ganekuTvneba, es informacia Ria gaxdeba nebismieri msurveli-
saTvis.
magaliTad, gamagrile-
beli sasmelis nayenis
formula, polieTilenis
parkebis warmoebis pro-
cesi da a.S.
magaliTad, axali sam-
kurnalo preparatis Se-
madgenloba.
magaliTad, ra ujdeba
erTi boTli Rvinis war-
moeba Sps `Sios marans~,
romel regionSi yidis is
yvelaze ukeT an yvelaze
cudad Tavis produqci-
as, ra raodenobis pro-
duqcias awarmoebs da
ra mogeba aqvs mas wlis
ganmavlobaSi.
magaliTad, informa-
cia gadaxdili gadasaxa-
debis Sesaxeb.
?
20/21
vtlbflf rfyjyb
komerciul saidumlod miCneul informacias daedeba grifi `saidum-
lod~ da is gareSe pirTaTvis xelmiuwvdomeli gaxdeba.
SeiZleba Tu ara sajaro dawesebulebaSi daculi
piradi saidumloebis Semcveli informaciis miReba?
ara, garda calkeuli gamonaklisebisa.
kerZo pirebis Sesaxeb sajaro dawesebulebaSi daculi yvela informacia
daxurulia, Tu kanoniT sxva ram ar aris dadgenili. es bunebrivicaa,
radganac pirad cxovrebaSi Caurevloba konstituciiTaa garantirebuli.
konstituciis me-20 muxlis Tanaxmad, adamianis piradi cxovreba xelSe-
uxebelia, xolo 41-e muxlis Sesabamisad, daxurulia
`oficialur CanawerebSi arsebuli informacia, romelic
dakavSirebulia adamianis janmrTelobasTan, mis
finansebTan an sxva kerZo sakiTxebTan.~
aravis aqvs ufleba, moiTxovos sajaro dawesebulebaSi daculi infor-
macia imis Taobaze, Tu ra daavadeba gadaitana ama Tu im konkretulma
pirma, rogoria misi Semosavali, ramden gadasaxads ixdis is da a.S.
pirad saidumloebad unda CaiTvalos agreTve nebismieri sxva informa-
cia, romelic piris identificirebis saSualebas iZleva. aseTi infor-
macia sajaro dawesebulebam avtomaturad unda CaTvalos pirad saidum-
loebad da xelmiuwvdomeli gaxados sxva sajaro dawesebulebisa da ker-
Zo pirebisTvis. Jurnalistma aseTi informacia SeiZleba miiRos mxolod
am piris werilobiTi Tanxmobis safuZvelze.
magaliTad, piris mi-
samarTi, asaki, erovneba
da a.S.
?
zogierTi personaluri monacemi yvelasaTvis xelmisawvdomia. magali-
Tad, saarCevno kodeqsis Sesabamisad, amomrCevelTa siebi, anu amomrCe-
velTa Sesaxeb garkveuli informacia sajaroa da unda gamoqveyndes. zo-
gadi administraciuli kodeqsis mixedviT, Riaa im Tanamdebobis pirTa
personaluri monacemebi, romlebic avseben qonebriv da safinanso dekla-
raciebs, `sajaro samsaxurSi interesTa SeuTavseblobisa da korufciis
Sesaxeb~ kanonis Sesabamisad . nebismier moqalaqes SeuZlia, gaigos ra
Semosavali aqvs ministrs an parlamentis wevrs, ramden gadasaxads ixdis
is, nasamarTlevia Tu ara, rogoria misi ojaxuri mdgomareoba, janmrTe-
lobis mdgomareoba da a.S. Riaa agreTve parlamentis wevrobis kandi-
datTa, aseve sxva Tanamdebobis pirebis Sesaxeb sajaro dawesebulebebSi
daculi informacia.
personaluri informacia, romelic pirad saidumloebas Seicavs, daxu-
rulia sazogadoebisaTvis. magram es ar niSnavs, rom aseTi informacia
daxurulia pirisaTvis, romelzec es informacia arsebobs. piris ufleba,
daubrkoleblad gaecnos sajaro dawesebulebaSi mis Sesaxeb arsebul
informacias, garantirebulia saqarTvelos konstituciiT.
SeiZleba Tu ara kerZo dawesebulebebidan
informaciis miReba?
ara.
informaciis Tavisuflebis moTxovna mxolod sajaro dawesebulebebze
vrceldeba. saaqcio sazogadoeba, SezRuduli pasuxismgeblobis sazoga-
doeba Tu kavSiri valdebuli ar aris, Jurnalists miawodos informacia
maTi saqmianobis Sesaxeb. isini kerZo dawesebulebebs warmoadgenen da
saxelmwifos dafinansebaze ar imyofebian. kerZo dawesebulebad CaiTv-
magaliTad, deputati,
ministri, gamgebeli,
prokurori, mosamarT-
le, saxelmwifo depar-
tamentis Tavmjdomare
da a.S.
?
22/23
vtlbflf rfyjyb
leba agreTve nebismieri sawarmo, Tundac masSi saxelmwifo 100% wils
flobdes.
amave dros, Tu kerZo dawesebulebam miiRo subsidia saxelmwifosagan ,
maSin am Tanxis xarjvis Sesaxeb informacia, rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT,
yvelasaTvis xelmisawvdomi unda gaxdes.
SeiZleba Tu ara sajaro dawesebulebis
sxdomebze daswreba?
diax.
sajaro informaciis Seqmna da damuSaveba mxolod oficialuri doku-
mentebis meSveobiT ar xorcieldeba. sajaro dawesebulebis sxdomebis
dros aseve sakmaod mniSvnelovani informaciis warmodgena da Sefaseba
xdeba. sajaro dawesebulebaTa sxdomebi Riaa. sazogadoebas aqvs ufleba,
icodes, ra pozicia gamoxata kolegiuri sajaro dawesebulebis wevrma
sxdomis dros, ra saxis sakiTxebi ixileba sxdomaze, moxda Tu ara sakiT-
xis yovelmxrivi ganxilva sxdomis dros da rogor mivida kolegiuri sa-
jaro dawesebuleba saboloo gadawyvetilebamde. am informaciis gareSe
SeuZlebelia kolegiuri sajaro dawesebulebis wevris da mTlianad dawe-
sebulebis muSaobis Sefaseba. swored amitom kodeqsi moiTxovs, rom
Jurnalistebisa da mTlianad sazogadoebisaTvis yvela sajaro dawesebu-
lebis sxdoma Riad warimarTos. kolegiur sajaro dawesebulebad CaiTv-
leba iseTi dawesebuleba, sadac gadawyvetilebis miReba xdeba kolegi-
urad ori an meti piris mier kenWisyris safuZvelze an kanonmdeblobiT
dadgenili sxva wesiT . amasTan, ar aris aucilebeli, rom sxdomas ofi-
cialuri saxe hqondes. sxdoma Riaa, Tuki kolegiuri sajaro dawesebu-
lebis wevrebi ikribebian gadawyvetilebis ara marto miRebis, aramed
momzadebis mizniTac.
magaliTad, S.p.s. „qvana-
xSiris“ administracias,
romelSic saxelmwifos
wili gaaCnia, Jurnalistma
mosTxova informacia
TanamSromelTa raodeno-
bis, maTi Sromis anazRa-
urebis, sawarmos mogebisa
da saxelmwifo biujetSi
gadaxdili Tanxis Sesaxeb.
Sps-s administracias
sruli ufleba aqvs, rom
ar misces Jurnalists
aseTi informacia, radgan
zogadi administraciuli
kodeqsis moTxovnebi
aRniSnul sawarmoze ar
vrceldeba. aseTi tipis
dawesebulebebma SeiZle-
ba, nebayoflobiT gascen
informacia. msgavsi praq-
tika araerT kerZo dawe-
sebulebaSia aprobire-
buli. magaliTad, ara-
samTavrobo organizaci-
ebi aqveyneben moxsene-
bebs TavianTi organiza-
ciis finansuri angariSis
Sesaxeb.
magaliTad, Tbilisis me-
riam s/s „Tbilgazs“ gada-
uricxa subsidia, mosaxle-
obis mier moxmarebuli
gazis xarjebis dasafarad.
magaliTad, parlamenti,
saministros kolegia, qa-
laq Tbilisis sakrebulo
da a.S.
?
imisaTvis, rom sazogadoebam SesZlos misTvis saintereso sxdomaze das-
wreba, sxdomis gamarTvisa da gansaxilveli sakiTxebis Sesaxeb mas winas-
war unda ecnobos. rac imas niSnavs, rom yovelma sajaro dawesebulebam
sxdomamde erTi kviriT adre unda gamoacxados sxdomis Catarebis adgi-
lis, droisa da dRis wesrigis Sesaxeb, xolo Tuki sxdomaze ganzraxulia
saidumlo sakiTxebis ganxilva, agreTve sxdomis daxurvis Taobaze ga-
dawyvetilebis Sesaxeb.
SesaZlebelia, warmoiSvas sxdomis dauyovneblivi gamarTvis aucileb-
loba. bunebrivia, aseT SemTxvevaSi, erTkviriani vadis dacva ver moxerx-
deba. amitom, gadaudebeli aucileblobisas, kodeqsi iTvaliswinebs
sxdomis gamarTvas, winaswari gamocxadebis vadis dacvis gareSe. rogorc
ki warmoiSveba sxdomis dadgenil vadaze adre gamarTvis aucilebloba
da Sesabamiss gadawyvetilebasac miiReben, sajaro dawesebuleba valde-
bulia, dauyovnebliv gamoacxados gadaudebeli sxdomis Catarebis adgi-
lis, droisa da dRis wesrigis Sesaxeb. anu kodeqsi ar uSvebs sazogado-
ebis informirebis gareSe sxdomis gamarTvis SesaZleblobas. Tu gada-
udebel sxdomaze saidumlo informaciebi unda ganixilon, sxdomis
daxurvis Taobaze gadawyvetilebis miReba winaswar unda moxdes, ris Se-
saxebac aseve dauyovnebliv unda ecnobos sazogadoebas.
dauSvebelia sxdomaze dasaswrebad sagangebo mosawvevis moTxovna. sxdo-
maze daswrebis msurvelTa SezRudva SeiZleba dawesdes mxolod im Sem-
TxvevaSi, rodesac fizikurad SeuZlebelia yvela msurvelis sxdomis
darbazSi moTavseba. aseT SemTxvevaSi, SeiZleba dawesdes sxdomaze das-
wrebis specialuri wesi . iseTma sajaro dawesebulebebma, romelTa sxdo-
mebis mimarT sazogadoebis interesi mudmivad maRalia, unda Seqmnan far-
To sazogadoebisaTvis sxdomaTa xelmisawvdomobis SesaZlebloba.
kodeqsi iTvaliswinebs sxdomis daxurvis SesaZleblobas, Tuki es auci-
magaliTad, uSiSroebis
sabWom miiRo informa-
cia afxazeTSi situaci-
is gamwvavebis Sesaxeb,
rac dauyovnebliv reagi-
rebas moiTxovs. aseT
SemTxvevaSi, prezidenti
uflebamosilia, sami sa-
aTis ganmavlobaSi da-
niSnos uSiSroebis sab-
Wos daxuruli sxdoma.
magram informacia sxdo-
mis adgilis, drois, dRis
wesrigisa da sxdomis
daxurvis Sesaxeb sazo-
gadoebas aucileblad
dauyovnebliv unda ec-
nobos.
magaliTad, sxdomaze
dasaswrebad daiSvebian
is pirebi, romlebmac
SedarebiT adre gamoT-
qves sxdomaze daswrebis
survili an upirateso-
ba miecemaT masobrivi
informaciis saSualebe-
bis warmomadgenlebs da
a.S.
magaliTad, sxdomis
pirdapiri tele an
radiotranslacia.
24/25
vtlbflf rfyjyb
lebelia saxelmwifo, komerciul an pirad saidumloebas mikuTvnebuli
informaciis gamJRavnebis Tavidan asacileblad. Tu sxdomis dRis wes-
rigSi Setanilia ramodenime sakiTxi, romelTagan mxolod nawili Seicavs
saidumlo informacias, aseT SemTxvevaSi unda daixuros ara mTlianad
sxdoma, aramed mxolod sxdomis is nawili, romlis drosac saidumlo
informacia ganixileba.
ra vadebSi unda gasces informacia
sajaro dawesebulebam?
Tanamedrove sazogadoebrivi cxovrebisaTvis informaciis swrafi gac-
vla erT-erTi mniSvnelovani komponentia. bevri informacia konkretuli
pirebisaTvis Rirebulia mxolod drois xanmokle monakveTSi. amitomac,
maTTvis Zalzed mniSvnelovania, am informaciaze rac SeiZleba swrafad
miuwvdebodeT xeli. kodeqsis moTxovniT,
sajaro organom informacia unda gasces dauyovnebliv, informaciis
moTxovnisTanave.
sityva `dauyovnebliv~ niSnavs imas, rom informaciis moTxovnis
Sesaxeb gancxadebis registraciisTanave, es gancxadeba unda moxvdes
informaciis gacemaze pasuxismgebel pirTan.
yvela sajaro dawesebulebaSi unda arsebobdes specialurad
informaciis gacemaze uflebamosili piri, romelic valdebulia,
dauyovnebliv Seudges am gancxadebis ganxilvas da gadawyvetileba
imave dRes miiRos.
magaliTad, Tu uSiS-
roebis sabWos sxdomaze
ganixileba ori sakiTxi:
sagadasaxado Semosav-
lebis gegmis mimdina-
reobisa da konfliqtis
zonaSi Tavdacvis sami-
nistros danayofebis
gadaadgilebis Sesaxeb.
uSiSroebis sabWos
sxdoma unda daixuros
mxolod meore sakiTxis
ganxilvisas.
?
Tu informaciis gacemaze pasuxismgebel pirs am sajaro
dawesebulebaSi sxva movaleobebic gaaCnia, man jer informaciis
gacemis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebebi unda miiRos da Semdeg daubrundes
sxva uflebamosilebebis Sesrulebas.
Tu erTi da imave dRes administraciul organoSi erTbaSad
ramodenime gancxadeba Seva, informaciis gacemaze pasuxismgebeli
piri maT Sesvlis rigiTobis mixedviT ganixilavs.
rig SemTxvevebSi, informaciis dauyovnebliv gacema SeuZlebelia. ami-
tomac, gamonaklisis saxiT, kodeqsi iTvaliswinebs informaciis gacemis
aTdRian vadas. aTdRian vadas unda mimarTon mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu:
a) moTxovnis srulyofilad dakmayofilebisaTvis aucilebelia
informaciis moZieba sxva dasaxlebul punqtSi arsebuli
struqturuli qvedanayofidan.
b) moTxovnis srulyofilad dakmayofilebisaTvis aucilebelia
informaciis mopoveba sxva sajaro dawesebulebidan.
g) aucilebelia sxvadasxva tipis, erTmaneTTan daukavSirebeli
dokumentebis moZieba da damuSaveba.
d) moTxovnis dakmayofilebisaTvis kanonmdebloba moiTxovs, rom
Catardes konsultaciebi sxva dasaxlebul punqtSi arsebul
struqturul qvedanayofTan an sxva sajaro dawesebulebasTan.
aTdRiani vadis aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi, amis Sesaxeb dauyovnebliv
unda ecnobos informaciis momTxovns. aseve is unda gaafrTxilon, Tu
zustad ramdeni dRe dasWirdeba informaciis gacemas.
magaliTad, moqalaqeTa
mdgomareobis registraci-
is samsaxuris centralur
arqivSi Sesulia moqalaqis
moTxovna. am moTxovnis dak-
mayofilebisaTvis ki auci-
lebelia ozurgeTis moqa-
laqeTa registraciis gan-
yofilebidan damatebiTi
informaciis miReba.
magaliTad, iusticiis
saministroSi Sesulia gan-
cxadeba romelime licen-
ziis Sesaxeb informaciis
miRebis moTxovniT. am moT-
xovnis dakmayofilebisaT-
vis ki aucilebelia soflis
meurneobis saministroSi
arsebuli uwyebrivi sali-
cenzio sajaro reestridan
damatebiTi informaciis
miReba.
magaliTad, moqalaqeTa
mdgomareobis registra-
ciis samsaxurSi Sevida
moTxovna 2001 wels qor-
winebaTa da ganqorwinebaTa
saerTo raodenobis, da-
qorwinebulTa saSualo
asakis Sesaxeb informaciis
gacemis Taobaze. am moT-
xovnis dakmayofilebisaT-
vis Sesabamisma samsaxurma
unda Seiswavlos sakmao
moculobis dokumentebi,
rac garkveul drosTan
aris dakavSirebuli;
26/27
vtlbflf rfyjyb
iseve rogorc informaciis gacemis, aseve informaciis gacemaze uaris
Tqmis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis miReba dauyovnebliv unda moxdes. moqa-
laqes, romelic informacias moiTxovs, rac SeiZleba swrafad unda Seat-
yobinon informaciis gacemis SesaZleblobis Sesaxeb. es gadawyvetileba
werilobiTia da SesaZlebelia misi sasamarTloSi gasaCivreba.
valdebulia Tu ara sajaro dawesebuleba gasces
informacia zepiri moTxovnis safuZvelze?
ara.
imisaTvis, rom pirma misTvis sasurveli sajaro informacia miiRos, man
unda waradginos werilobiTi gancxadeba Sesabamiss sajaro dawesebuleba-
Si. sajaro dawesebuleba uflebamosilia, gasces informacia zepiri
moTxovnis safuZvelze, magram es am dawesebulebis uflebaa da ara mo-
valeoba. amave dros, sajaro dawesebulebas ara aqvs ufleba, mosTxovos
pirs informaciis moTxovnis motivis an miznis dasaxeleba.
ra formiT SeiZleba
informaciis miReba?
sajaro dawesebulebaSi sajaro informacia sxvadasxva formiT SeiZleba
inaxebodes _ dokumentis, naxazis, naxatis, maketis, eleqtronuli da a.S.
saxiT. Sesabamisad, nebismier pirs xeli unda miuwvdebodes yvela am for-
miT arsebul informaciaze. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, informaciis garkve-
uli nawili sazogadoebisaTvis xelmiuwvdomeli gaxdeboda.
Tu sajaro informacia ramodenime formiT arsebobs, pirs ufleba aqvs,
TviTon airCios, ra saxiT surs informaciis miReba. pirs agreTve
?
?
magaliTad, saqarTve-
los ganaTlebis minist-
ris #103 brZaneba, rom-
lis gacnobasac moqala-
qe quroZe moiTxovs, ar-
sebobs rogorc ofici-
alurad xelmowerili
dokumentis, aseve eleq-
tronuli versiis saxiT.
moqalaqe TviTon airCevs
am brZanebis miRebis
formas: mas SeuZlia, mo-
iTxovos dokumentis
asli an eleqtronuli
versia. mas aseve SeuZ-
lia, moiTxovos infor-
macia orive formiT.
ufleba aqvs, dedanSi gaecnos sajaro dawesebulebaSi arsebul doku-
mentebs. Tu kanonmdeblobiT sxva ram ar aris dadgenili. dokumentis
dedanSi gacnoba unda moxdes uSualod aRniSnul sajaro dawesebulebaSi.
zogierTi dokumentis dedani imdenad Zvelia an xSiradaa gamoyenebaSi,
rom iqmneba misi ganadgurebis an dazianebis safrTxe. zogierT dokuments
uzarmazari istoriuli an mxatvruli Rirebuleba gaaCnia, rac misi
dacvis gansakuTrebul reJims moiTxovs. swored amitom, sajaro dawese-
bulebis gadawyvetilebiT, piri dedans gaecnoba saTanado zedamxedve-
lobis qveS an dedanis nacvlad pirs gadaecema saTanado wesiT damowme-
buli dokumentis zusti asli.
pirs agreTve ufleba aqvs, moiTxovos sajaro informaciis eleqtronuli
versiis gacnoba amave sajaro dawesebulebaSi, dawesebulebis teqnikuri
saSualebebis gamoyenebiT.
unda gadaixados Tu ara Jurnalistma
miRebuli informaciis safasuri?
mxolod aslis gadaRebisaTvis aucilebeli danaxarji. kodeqsis Sesabamisad,
dokumentis aslis gacemisaTvis raime gadasaxadis Tu sxva saxis gadasaxde-
lis daweseba dauSvebelia. aseve anazRaurebas ar eqvemdebareba sajaro
dawesebulebis mier gaweuli momsaxureba. erTaderTi, risi anazRaurebis
valdebulebac aslis mimReb pirs gaaCnia, aris dokumentis aslis gadaRe-
bisaTvis aucilebeli Tanxa. aq saubaria qaRaldis da teqnikur saSualebaTa
danaxarjze, rac ar gulisxmobs sajaro moxelis Sromis anazRaurebas,
mogebas da a.S.
?
28/29
vtlbflf rfyjyb
SeiZleba Tu ara informaciis gacemaze
uaris gasaCivreba?
diax.
Tu administraciuli organo gaasaidumloebs raime dokuments, es ar
niSnavs, rom am gadawyvetilebis gadasinjva SeuZlebelia. dainteresebul
pirs ufleba aqvs, gaasaCivros aRniSnuli gadawyvetileba rogorc sasa-
marTloSi, aseve zemdgom administraciul organoSi. sarCeliT/saCivriT
dainteresebul pirs SeuZlia, moiTxovos, erTis mxriv, miRebuli gadawyve-
tilebis gauqmeba an Secvla , xolo, meores mxriv, rogorc qonebrivi, ise
araqonebrivi zianis anazRaureba.
informaciis Tavisuflebis TavTan dakavSirebiT sajaro dawesebulebasa
da kerZo pirs Soris warmoqmnili davis dros mtkicebis tvirTi mTlianad
sajaro dawesebulebas ekisreba.
am normis arsi imaSi mdgomareobs, rom yvela administraciuli organo
unda moqmedebdes kanonmdeblobis zusti dacviT da gadawyvetilebis
miRebisas unda daasabuTos, romeli sakanonmdeblo Tu kanonqvemdebare
aqtis safuZvelze miiRo gadawyvetileba. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, rode-
sac administraciuli organo Tavis saqmianobas kanonmdeblobis safuZ-
velze ar axorcielebs, saerTod zedmetia samarTlebriv saxelmwifoze
saubari.
Tu sasamarTloSi gasaCivrebulia informaciis gasaidumloebis kanoni-
ereba, sasamarTlo uflebamosilia, imsjelos sajaro dawesebulebis ga-
dawyvetilebis kanonierebaze. amisaTvis, mxaris Suamdgomlobis safuZ-
velze, is gamoiTxovs rogorc gasaidumloebul informacias, aseve im
administraciuli warmoebis saqmis masalebs, romelTa safuZvelzec sa-
aq igulisxmeba rogorc
informaciis gacemaze
uaris, ise informaciis
gacemis Sesaxeb gadawy-
vetilebebi.
moraluri
magaliTad, moqalaqe
qiliam mimarTa Sinagan
saqmeTa saministros misi
yvela TanamSromlis vina-
obisa da misamarTis Sesa-
xeb informaciis moTxov-
niT, razec saministrom
uari ganucxada. Tu gada-
wyvetileba sasamarTloSi
gasaCivrdeba, saministroa
valdebuli, mouxmos
sakmariss mtkicebule-
bebs imis dasadastureb-
lad, rom informaciis
gacemaze uari kanonis
moTxovnebs Seesabameba.
Tu saministro gadawyve-
tilebis kanonierebis
dasturad sakmao mtki-
cebulebebs ver warmo-
adgens, gadawyvetileba
gauqmdeba im SemTxveva-
Sic ki, Tu moqalaqe qi-
lia ver daasabuTebs sa-
ministros gadawyvetile-
bis kanonsawinaaRmdego
xasiaTs.
?
jaro dawesebulebam miiRo gadawyvetileba informaciis gasaidumlo-
ebis Sesaxeb. es ki imas niSnavs, rom sasamarTlos xeli miuwvdeba nebismi-
er dokumentze, maT Soris, gasaidumloebul informaciaze. es bunebri-
vicaa, radganac winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, igi ver SesZlebda sajaro dawese-
bulebis gadawyvetilebis kanonierebis Sefasebas. magram es sulac ar
niSnavs, rom aseTi sarCeli man Cveulebrivi wesiT Ria sxdomaze unda
ganixilos. Tu sasamarTlo Ria sxdomaze ganixilavs saqmes, sarCelis dak-
mayofilebaze uaris Tqmis SemTxvevaSic ki, sazogadoebisaTvis cnobili
gaxdeba gasaidumloebuli informaciis Sinaarsi. aseT sakiTxze sajaro
ganxilvis Catareba yovelgvar azrs daukargavda informaciis gasaidum-
loebas da SesaZloa, mniSvnelovani safrTxec Seeqmna sajaro an kerZo
piris kanonieri interesebisaTvis. amitomac, kodeqsi uSvebs aseTi saqmis
daxurul sasamarTlo sxdomaze, sazogadoebis monawileobis gareSe
ganxilvis SesaZleblobas. ufro metic, saqarTvelos administraciuli
saproceso kodeqsis Sesabamisad, SesaZlebelia, moewyos in camera gan-
xilva, rac imas niSnavs, rom mxares ufleba ara aqvs, ganxilvis procesSi
gaecnos saidumlo informacias. Tu sasamarTlo mxaris sarCels daakma-
yofilebs, maSin rogorc ukanonod gasaidumloebuli informacia, ise
saqmis masalebic sruli moculobiT xelmisawvdomi gaxdeba mxarisaTvis
da sazogadoebisaTvis.
30/31
vtlbflf rfyjyb
aris Tu ara raime informaciis
gavrceleba SezRuduli?
diax.
gamoxatvis Tavisufleba absoluturi ar aris. saqarTvelos
konstitucia iTvaliswinebs sityvis Tavisuflebis SezRud-
vis SesaZleblobas, kerZod, konstituciis 24-e muxlis Se-
sabamisad, sityvis Tavisufleba SeiZleba SeizRudos saxel-
mwifo uSiSroebis, teritoriuli mTlianobis an sazogado-
ebrivi usafrTxoebis uzrunvelsayofad, danaSaulis Tavi-
dan asacileblad, sxvaTa uflebebisa da Rirsebis dasacavad,
konfidencialurad aRiarebuli informaciis gamJRavnebis
Tavidan asacileblad an sasamarTlos damoukideblobisa da
miukerZoeblobis uzrunvelsayofad. xolo konstituciis
19-e muxlis Sesabamisad, sityvis Tavisufleba SeiZleba Se-
izRudos sxvaTa uflebebis dacvis uzrunvelsayofad.
konstituciis Tanaxmad, informaciisa da sityvis Tavisuf-
lebis SezRudva SesaZlebelia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu es
SezRudva miznad isaxavs sxva piris an saerTod mTeli sazo-
gadoebis interesebis dacvas. cxadia, es srulebiTac ar niS-
?
Tavi IV.Tavi IV.Tavi IV.Tavi IV.Tavi IV. gamoxatvis Tavisuflebisgamoxatvis Tavisuflebisgamoxatvis Tavisuflebisgamoxatvis Tavisuflebisgamoxatvis Tavisuflebis
SezRudvaSezRudvaSezRudvaSezRudvaSezRudva
navs, rom saxelmwifos mxridan raime SezRudvis dadgena sakuTriv sityvis Tavisuflebis uflebis
paralizebis tolfasi unda iyos. imisaTvis, rom Tavidan aviciloT kanonis araswori interpre-
tacia, gasaTvaliswinebelia sami piroba, romelic sityvis Tavisuflebis SezRudvisaTvis erTd-
roulad unda arsebobdes:
1. aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis mxridan sakuTari Zalauflebis borotad gamoyenebis
SesaZleblobis gamosaricxad, dauSvebelia kanonqvemdebare aqtiT sityvis Tavisuflebis
SemzRudveli normebis miReba. amdenad, erT-erTi mTavari piroba SezRudvis kanoniT dawesebaa.
2. SezRudva dasaSvebia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu is miznad isaxavs saxelmwifo uSiSroebis,
teritoriuli mTlianobisa da sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis dacvas, danaSaulis anda
konfidencialurad aRiarebuli informaciis gamJRavnebis Tavidan acilebas, sxvaTa
uflebebisa da Rirsebis dacvas. ar SeiZleba dawesdes sityvis Tavisuflebis raime SezRudva,
Tu is zemoT CamoTvlil miznebs ar emsaxureba. sxva raime mizniT am uflebis SezRudva
dauSvebelia.
3. sityvis Tavisuflebis SezRudva amavdroulad demokratiuli sazogadoebis arsebobisaTvis
aucileblobas unda warmoadgendes. TavisTavad saxelmwifo uSiSroebis an sxva piris uflebebis
dacvis keTilSobiluri mizani sityvis Tavisuflebis SezRudvisaTvis sakmarisi ar aris. sityvis
Tavisuflebis SezRudva konstituciurad CaiTvleba, Tu is akmayofilebs Semdeg kriteriumebs:
a) SezRudva gamomdinareobs kanonierebis principisa da samarTlebrivi saxelmwifos
ideisagan;
b) SezRudva miznad isaxavs romelime kanonieri interesis dacvas;
g) aseTi SezRudva absoluturad aucilebelia im socialuri sikeTis gadasarCenad, romlis
dasacavadac es SezRudva dawesda. amave dros, daculi sikeTe unda aRematebodes SezRudviT
gamowveul zians. e.i. SezRudva miznis proporciuli unda iyos da aucilebelia maT Soris
saTanado balansis dacva. `aucilebelia~ demokratiul sazogadoebaSi niSnavs imas, rom
SezRudvam ar unda gamoiwvios fundamenturi uflebebis da Tavisuflebebis gauqmeba.
SezRudva ar unda iyos mimarTuli demokratiuli faseulobebis sawinaaRmdegod, piriqiT,
mis mizans swored am faseulobaTa uzrunvelyofa unda warmoadgendes.
32/33
vtlbflf rfyjyb
`presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebis Sesaxeb~ kanonis Sesabamisad ki, dauSvebe-
lia yalbi cnobebis gavrceleba, moqalaqeTa da organizaciaTa ganzrax Seuracxyofa da ciliswa-
meba. Tumca, am Canawerma sxvadasxva kanonebSi sxvadasxvagvari interpretacia ganicada. samoqa-
laqo, sisxlis samarTlisa da administraciuli samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsebi, mavne zegavleni-
sagan arasrulwlovanTa dacvis Sesaxeb, reklamis Sesaxeb da a.S. kanonebi azusteben im informa-
ciaTa wres, romelTa gavrcelebac ar SeiZleba. Cven maT detalurad qvemoT ganvixilavT.
kanoniT akrZaluli informaciis gavrcelebisaTvis SeiZleba dadges rogorc sisxlissamarTleb-
rivi, ise administraciul-samarTlebrivi da samoqalaqo pasuxismgebloba. maT Sesaxebac Cven qve-
moT visaubrebT.
daSvebulia Tu ara cenzura?
saqarTvelos konstitucia krZalavs cenzuras, anu konstitucia gamoricxavs gamosaqveynebel
informaciasTan dakavSirebiT winaswar kontrols informaciis saSualebebze. aravis aqvs ufleba,
aukrZalos masobrivi informaciis saSualebas, gamoaqveynos informacia an aiZulos igi raime
informaciis gamoqveynebaze.
amave dros, saqarTvelos konstitucia SesaZleblad miiCnevs cenzuris gamoyenebas, Tu safrTxe
eqmneba saxelmwifo uSiSroebas, sazogadoebriv usafrTxoebas an sxva piris kanonier interesebs.
Tumca, xelisuflebis aseTi uflebamosileba, rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, aucileblad kanonSi unda
iyos pirdapir gaTvaliswinebuli. dResdReobiT kanoni, romelic cenzuris SesaZleblobas uSvebs,
miRebuli ar aris. Sesabamisad, Tu daismeba sakiTxi imis Sesaxeb, SeiZleba Tu ara aikrZalos raime
informaciis gaSveba an gavrcelebamde misi mediasaSualebidan amoReba, pasuxi calsaxaa _ ara. im
SemTxvevebSic ki, roca winaswar cnobilia masobrivi informaciis saSualebis mier akrZaluli
informaciis gamoqveynebis SesaZlebloba, dauSvebelia winaswari SezRudvebi informaciis gavrce-
lebaze. mxolod informaciis gamoqveynebis Semdegaa SesaZlebeli kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli zo-
mebis miReba, rac piris sisxlis an samoqalaqo samarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxis dayene-
baSi gamoixateba. Tumca, samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis 198-e muxli sarCelis uzrunvelyofis
?
erT-erT RonisZiebad garkveuli moqmedebis Sesrulebis akrZalvas asaxelebs. SesaZlebelia, am
normis imgvari interpretacia, TiTqos sasamarTlos SeuZlia, pirs aukrZalos raime informaciis
gavrceleba. am normis amgvari ganmartebis sisworeze msjeloba sakmaod rTulia, radganac praq-
tikaSi aseT SemTxvevas adgili ar hqonia.
arsebobs Tu ara pasuxismgebloba sinamdvilesTan Seusabamo
informaciis gavrcelebaze?
samoqalaqo kodeqsis 18-e muxlis me-2 nawili adgens, rom:
`pirs ufleba aqvs sasamarTlos meSveobiT moiTxovos im cnobebis uaryofa, romlebic
laxavs mis pativs, Rirsebas, piradi cxovrebis saidumloebas, pirad xelSeuxeblobas
an saqmian reputacias, Tu am cnobebis gamavrcelebeli ar daamtkicebs, rom isini
sinamdviles Seefereba. igive wesi gamoiyeneba faqtobrivi monacemebis arasrulad
gamoqveynebisaTvis, Tuki amiT ilaxeba piris pativi, Rirseba an saqmiani reputacia.~
samoqalaqo kodeqsis es debuleba cxadyofs, rom pasuxismgebloba unda dadges or SemTxvevaSi:
Tu gavrcelebuli informacia arasworia. Tu dadgindeba, rom gavrcelebuli informacia
sinamdviles Seesabameba, pasuxismgebloba ar dadgeba.
Tu gavrcelebuli informacia arasrulia. nebismieri saxis arasruli informaciis
gamoqveynebisaTvis, bunebrivia, pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebis sakiTxi ar dadgeba. es norma
gulisxmobs piris Sesaxeb cnobebis arasrulad gamoqveynebas iseTi saxiT, rom sazogadoebas
calsaxad araswori STabeWdileba eqmneba mocemuli movlenis an faqtis Sesaxeb. Tumca, verc
am garemoebas CavTvliT sakmarisad pasuxismgeblobis dasakisreblad. im ubralo mizezis gamo,
rom aucilebelia, informaciis arasruli saxiT gamoqveyneba piris pativis, Rirsebis an saqmiani
reputaciis Selaxvas iwvevdes.
unda aRiniSnos isic, rom Tuki realurad saxeze ar iqneba ziani, zedmetia informaciis
?
34/35
vtlbflf rfyjyb
gavrcelebisaTvis pasuxismgeblobaze saubari. pasuxismgeblobaze sau-
bari SesaZlebelia dadges maSin, rodesac informaciis gavrcelebiT
Seilaxeba:
piris pativi da Rirseba;
piradi cxovrebis saidumloeba;
piradi xelSeuxebloba;
an saqmiani reputacia.
pativis, Rirsebis, saqmiani reputaciis Selaxva gulisxmobs piris Sesaxeb
iseTi cnobebis gavrcelebas, romlebic Seicaven mtkicebas maT mier kano-
nis an moralis normebis darRvevis, uRirsi saqcielis Cadenis Sesaxeb.
aq SegviZlia visaubroT iseT SemTxvevebzec, rodesac araswori infor-
maciis gavrceleba, Tavisi umniSvnelo Sinaarsis gamo ver gamoiwvevs pi-
ris pativisa da Rirsebis Selaxvas. gavrcelebuli informacia zogjer
isedac cnobilia sazogadoebisaTvis da Sesabamisad, piris Rirsebis an
saqmiani reputaciisaTvis raime damatebiTi zianis miyeneba praqtikulad
SeuZlebelia.
SesaZlebelia Tu ara piris iZuleba, gaavrcelos
is informacia, romlis gavrcelebac mas ar surs?
saqarTvelos konstituciis me-19 muxliT garantirebulia piris uf-
leba, ar aiZulon, gamoTqvas Tavisi azri sakuTari nebis sawinaaRm-
degod. am konstituciuri debulebis miuxedavad, samoqalaqo kodeqsis
me-18 muxlis me-2 nawili iTvaliswinebs gavrcelebuli cnobebis uar-
yofas, rogorc Selaxuli pativis Rirsebisa da saqmiani reputaciis
aRdgenis formas. kanonSi ar aris cxadad miTiTebuli, Tu vis evaleba
am cnobebis uaryofa. damkvidrebuli praqtikiT, cnobebis uaryofis
valdebuleba, rogorc wesi, informaciis gamavrcelebels da masobrivi
informaciis Sesabamiss saSualebas ekisreba.
Tundac gavrcelebuli
informacia sinamdviles
ar Seesabamebodes.
magaliTad, ismis kiTx-
va, Tu sajaro figuras
sazogadoebaSi korumpi-
rebulis reputacia ise-
dac aqvs, SeiZleba ki mi-
si korumpirebulobis
Sesaxeb informaciis
gavrcelebam kidev ufro
metad Selaxos am piris
reputacia?
?
samoqalaqo kodeqsis me-18 muxlis me-3 nawilis Tanaxmad:
`Tu piris pativis, Rirsebis, saqmiani reputaciis an piradi
cxovrebis saidumloebis Semlaxveli cnobebi gavrcelebulia
masobrivi informaciis saSualebebiT, maSin maTi uaryofac unda
moxdes amave saSualebebiT. Tu amgvar monacemebs Seicavs
organizaciis mier gacemuli sabuTi, maSin es sabuTi unda
Seicvalos da amis Sesaxeb ecnobos dainteresebul pirebs.~
Tuki piris pativis, Rirsebis an saqmiani reputaciis Semlaxveli cnobebi
masobrivi informaciis saSualebebiTaa gavrcelebuli, araswori cnobebis
uaryofac imave saSualebebiT unda moxdes. cxadia, aqve igulisxmeba gav-
rcelebuli arasruli cnobebis Sevseba sinamdvilis Sesatyvisi cnobebiT,
romlebic amavdroulad aqarwyleben gavrcelebul arasrul, pativisa da
Rirsebis, saqmiani reputaciis Semlaxav cnobebs. gavrcelebuli cnobebis
uaryofa mediis saSualebebSi adekvaturi formiT unda moxdes . kanonSi
ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli iseTi SemTxvevebi, rodesac masobrivi informa-
ciis saSualeba wyvets funqcionirebas da uaryofis gamoqveyneba praqtiku-
lad SeuZlebeli xdeba, amdenad bundovania, Tu sad unda moxdes gavr-
celebuli cnobebis uaryofa.
im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac informacia gavrcelebulia organizaciis mier
gacemuli dokumentis meSveobiT da ara masobrivi informaciis saSuale-
biT, unda moxdes am dokumentis gamocvla da Sesabamisi pirebisaTvis
gadagzavna.
pirs, romlis pativi, Rirseba an saqmiani reputacia Seilaxa, SeuZlia,
Tavdapirvelad uSualod sainformacio saSualebas mimarTos, gavrce-
lebuli informaciis sapasuxo cnobebis gamoqveynebis moTxovniT. im Se-
mTxvevaSi, Tu sainformacio saSualeba nebayoflobiT ar gamoaqveynebs
adekvaturi gaSuqeba gu-
lisxmobs uaryofis gan-
Tavsebas gazeTis imave
gverdze, imave formatiT,
imave saeTero dros da
a.S.
36/37
vtlbflf rfyjyb
pasuxs, maSin am ukanasknels ufleba aqvs, mimarTos sasamarTlos pasuxis
gamoqveynebis iZulebis moTxovniT. swored sasamarTlo iRebs gadawyve-
tilebas gavrcelebuli araswori cnobebis uaryofis gamoqveynebis
Taobaze.
gavrcelebuli cnobebis uaryofa ar iTvaliswinebs mxolod iseT Sem-
Txvevebs, rodesac informaciis gamavrcelebeli braleulad moqmedebs.
araswori informaciis gavrceleba sakmarisia imisaTvis, rom informa-
ciis gamavrcelebels gavrcelebuli cnobebis uaryofa daekisros.
samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis es forma antikonstituciur da arapro-
porciul zomad migvaCnia. kargi iqneboda, Tu araswori informaciis gav-
rcelebis SemTxvevaSi, piri valdebuli iqneboda, gamoeqveynebina sasa-
marTlo gadawyvetileba an dazaralebuli piris pasuxi.
arsebobs Tu ara araswori informaciis gavrcelebisaTvis
pasuxismgeblobisagan gaTavisuflebis safuZvlebi?
araswori informaciis gavrceleba yovelTvis ar iwvevs pasuxismgeblo-
bas. zogierT SemTxvevaSi, informaciis gamavrcelebelma SeiZleba arc
ki icodes, rom gavrcelebuli cnobebi sinamdvilesTan Seusabamoa. kanoni
zustad gansazRvravs im SemTxvevebs, rodesac Jurnalists ar SeiZleba
daekisros pasuxismgebloba araswori cnobebis gavrcelebisaTvis, miuxe-
davad imisa, rom aseTi informacia gavrcelebulia. Jurnalists ar SeiZ-
leba pasuxi moeTxovos, Tuki:
_ am cnobebs Seicavda oficialuri informacia.
_ informacia mowodebulia sainformacio saagentoebis, saxelmwifo
organoebis an sazogadoebrivi organizaciebis pressamsaxurebis
mier.
ganzrax an
gaufrTxileblad
?
magaliTad: Tu tele-
kompaniam informacia mi-
nistris mier mowodebu-
li cnobebis safuZvelze
gaavrcela. Tu gavrce-
lebuli informaciis
wyaro saxelmwifo uwye-
bis administraciuli aq-
tia (magaliTad, sakre-
bulos gadawyvetileba)
an raime sxva dokumenti,
saxelmwifo organos mi-
er gadacemuli nebismi-
eri sxva informacia, aseT
SemTxvevaSi araswori
informaciis gavrcele-
baze pasuxismgebeli
saxelmwifoa.
magaliTad, Tu Jurna-
listma sainformacio
saagentos an Tavdacvis
saministros pressamsa-
xuris informaciaze
dayrdnobiT gaavrcela
cnoba samxedro inciden-
tis Taobaze, aseT SemTx-
vevaSi araswori infor-
maciis gavrcelebaze
pasuxismgebloba dae-
kisreba ara Jurnalists,
aramed Sesabamiss
pressamsaxurs an sain-
formacio saagentos.
_ informacia sityva-sityviT imeorebs sxvadasxva oficialur
Tavyrilobebze pasuxismgebel pirTa gamosvlebs.
_ respondentma pirdapir eTerSi, winaswari Caweris gareSe,
gaakeTa gancxadebebi.
kanonmdeblobaSi arsebul am CamonaTvalTan erTad dgeba sakiTxi, ramde-
nad evaleba sizustis dacva Jurnalists, rodesac is mniSvnelovan sajaro
interesTan dakavSirebiT an sajaro pirze avrcelebs informacias. rogorc
aSS uzenaesi sasamarTlos cnobil gadawyvetilebaSia miTiTebuli,
`Tavisufali diskusia ar aris dazRveuli Secdomebisagan da aseTi
Secdomebi gardauvalia. …amitomac zogierTi madiskreditebeli
gamonaTqvami daculi unda iyos, Tu Cven ar gvinda, presas saarsebo
areali CavuxSoT.“
sajaro pirebis saqmianobas imdenad didi sazogadoebrivi mniSvneloba
aqvs, rom maTi saqmianobis Taobaze gavrcelebuli araswori informaci-
isaTvis piri ar unda agebdes pasuxs igive wesiT, rac Cveulebrivi moqa-
laqisaTvis aris dadgenili. amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi sajaro pirs
mxolod maSin SeuZlia Jurnalists agebinos pasuxi araswori informa-
ciis gavrcelebisaTvis, rodesac Tavad es sajaro piri daamtkicebs, rom
Jurnalistma icoda am informaciis sinamdvilesTan Seusabamobis Tao-
baze da miuxedavad amisa, boroti ganzraxviT mainc gaavrcela is.
adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom dasaSvebi kri-
tikis farglebi sajaro pirebis mimarT gacilebiT farToa, vidre kerZo
pirebis mimarT. presas ar unda gauneldes survili, monawileoba miiRos
politikur diskusiaSi, Tavisi wvlili Seitanos sazogadoebrivi mniSv-
nelobis problemaTa sajaro ganxilvaSi da amiT Seasrulos masze dakis-
rebuli sazogadoebis „darajis“ funqcia.
magaliTad: Tu erT-er-
Tma politikosma fraq-
ciis sxdomaze ministrs
Tanxis miTvisebaSi das-
do brali, pasuxismgeb-
loba am politikoss un-
da daekisros, da ara Jur-
nalists, romelmac zus-
tad gadmosca momxdari.
38/39
vtlbflf rfyjyb
samwuxarod, sajaro sakiTxebis gaSuqebisas an sajaro pirebTan mimarTe-
baSi qarTuli kanonmdebloba amgvar gamonakliss ar icnobs. miuxedavad
imisa, rom sityvis TavisuflebasTan dakavSirebiT evropis sasamarTlos
mier dadgenil standartebs saqarTveloSi pirdapiri moqmedebis Zala
gaaCniaT. sasurvelia, rom kanonmdeblobaSi Sevides cvlileba, romlis
Sedegadac, sajaro pirebis Sesaxeb araswori informaciis gavrcelebi-
saTvis Jurnalisti gaTavisufldeba pasuxismgeblobisgan. cxadia, im
SemTxvevaSi, Tuki JurnalistisTvis winaswar ar iyo cnobili gavrcele-
buli informaciis sinamdvilesTan Seusabamoba da ar moqmedebda boroti
ganzraxviT.
agebs Tu ara piri pasuxs pativisa da Rirsebis Semlaxveli
mosazrebis an SefasebiTi msjelobis, agreTve
Seuracxmyofeli an uxamsi gamonaTqvamebis
gavrcelebisaTvis?
samoqalaqo kodeqsi iTvaliswinebs pasuxismgeblobas iseTi informaciis
gavrcelebisaTvis, romelic sinamdviles ar Seesabameba. sinamdviles
SeiZleba Seesabamebodes an ar Seesabamebodes faqti, magram ara mosaz-
reba, Seuracxmyofeli an uxamsi gamonaTqvami. aseTi gamonaTqvamebis,
agreTve mosazrebebis sinamdvilesTan Sesabamisoba-Seusabamobis obieq-
turi damtkiceba SeuZlebelia. mosazreba (Sexeduleba) gamoxatavs piris
subieqtur damokidebulebas movlenis, faqtis an pirovnebis mimarT.
Seuracxyofas warmoadgens piris pativisa da Rirsebis Selaxva, gamoxa-
tuli uweso formiT. samoqalaqo kodeqsi ar icnobs pasuxismgeblobas
Seuracxmyofeli gancxadebebisaTvis, Tundac aseTi gancxadeba zians
ayenebdes piris pativsa da Rirsebas.
?
uxamsoba aris gancxadeba, romelic ar Seicavs raime kulturul, poli-
tikur, mxatvrul an samecniero Rirebulebas, uxeSad laxavs sazogado-
ebaSi damkvidrebul eTikur normebs da miznad isaxavs piris pativisa da
Rirsebis Selaxvas.
samwuxarod, qarTuli kanonmdebloba ar iTvaliswinebs pasuxismgeblobas
uxamsobis Semcveli informaciis gavrcelebisaTvis. sazogadoeba dacu-
li unda iyos iseTi gamonaTqvamebisagan, romlebic aSkarad Seuracxyofen
rigiT mkiTxvelsa Tu msmenels da ar Seicaven politikur, samecniero,
mxatvrul an literaturul Rirebulebas. sasurvelia, Tu es xarvezi mo-
mavalSi gamoswordeba, uxamsobisaTvis samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobis
gaTvaliswinebis gziT.
SeiZleba gadaWriT iTqvas, rom samoqalaqo kodeqsi calsaxad saubrobs
pasuxismgeblobaze araswori faqtebis gavrcelebisaTvis, rac gamo-
ricxavs samoqalaqo pasuxismgeblobas rogorc Sexedulebis (mosazrebis)
gamoTqmisaTvis, aseve Seuracxmyofeli gancxadebebisaTvis. meores mxriv,
ibadeba SekiTxva _ ramdenad SesaZlebelia pasuxismgeblobis dakisreba
SefasebiTi msjelobisaTvis, anu iseTi msjelobisaTvis, romelic faq-
tebidan gamomdinareobs.
saqarTvelos uzenaesma sasamarTlom erT-erT saqmeze SesaZleblad mi-
iCnia aseTi msjelobisaTvis pasuxismgeblobis dakisreba. es gadawyveti-
leba sakmaod sakamaToa, radganac pirs pasuxismgebloba ekisreba ara Se-
fasebisaTvis, aramed im araswori faqtebis gavrcelebisaTvis, romelTac
es Sefaseba eyrdnoboda. Tu informaciis gamavrcelebels keTilsindi-
sierad mohyavs faqtebi, am faqtebis komentirebisaTvis mas pasuxismgeb-
loba ar unda daekisros.
praqtikaSi sakmaod rTulia mosazrebasa da faqtebs Soris zRvaris
magaliTad, `imis gamo,
rom petre sistematu-
rad scemda n.m.-s, am uka-
nasknelma swored ami-
tom moikla Tavi.~
40/41
vtlbflf rfyjyb
gavleba. imisaTvis, rom es gamijvna moxdes, pasuxi unda gaeces ramodenime
sakiTxs:
_ SeiZleba Tu ara gavrcelebuli informaciis sinamdvilesTan
Sesabamisobis dadgena?
_ ra azrs debs sazogadoeba mocemul sityvasa Tu terminebSi?
_ ra konteqstSi iyo gamoyenebuli esa Tu is sityva an gamoTqma? aq
igulisxmeba rogorc konkretuli, ise zogadi socialuri konteqsti.
mosazrebad CaiTvleba, magaliTad, Semdegi xasiaTis gamonaTqvamebi:
_ saxelmwifo moxele, romelmac xeli moawera ucxoeTis qveynis jarebis
saqarTvelos teritoriaze yofnas, qveynis moRalate da naZiralaa;
_ parlamentari, romelic religiur umciresobaTa saqmianobis
winaaRmdegia, faSisti da sisxlismsmelia;
_ mosamarTlem araprofesiuli da idioturi gadawyvetileba gamoitana,
igi Tavisi saqmianobiT Cirqs scxebs marTlmsajulebas;
_ es Jurnalisti mikerZoebuli informaciis gavrcelebaSia SemCneuli
da mas sazogadoebaSi crupentelas reputacia aqvs.
pasuxismgeblobis dakisreba aq moyvanil romelime gamonaTqvamze ar
SeiZleba, radgan yvela SemTxvevaSi saxezea mosazreba, da ara faqti.
adamianis uflebaTa evropis sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebaSi saqmeze hen-
disaidi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg aRniSnulia:
magaliTad, petre
yvelaze gaunaTlebeli
adamiania.
magaliTad, sityva
qurdi sazogadoebaSi
yovelTvis ar niSnavs
sisxlis samarTlis
kodeqsis 177-e muxliT
gaTvaliswinebul
danaSauls.
`azris gamoxatvis Tavisufleba demokratiuli sazogadoebis erT-erT
safuZvels, sazogadoebis progresisa da sazogadoebis TiToeuli wevris
TviTrealizaciis erT-erT mTavar pirobas warmoadgens. sityvis Tavi-
sufleba moicavs ara marto „informacias“ an „ideas“, romelsac keTil-
ganwyobiT xvdebian an romelic neitraluria, aramed iseT informaci-
asac, romelic Seuracxmyofeli, Sokis momgvreli an amaRelvebelia. swo-
red aseTia Semwynareblobis, liberalizmisa da pluralizmis moTxov-
nebi, romelTa gareSec „demokratiuli sazogadoeba“ warmoudgenelia.~
arsebobs Tu ara pasuxismgebloba piradi
cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis darRvevisaTvis?
saqarTvelos konstitucia icavs piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobas.
saxeldobr, me-20 muxlSi naTqvamia:
`yoveli adamianis piradi cxovreba, piradi saqmianobis adgili,
piradi Canaweri, mimowera, saubari satelefono an sxva saxis
teqnikuri saSualebebiT, agreTve teqnikuri saSualebebiT
miRebuli Setyobinebani xelSeuxebelia. aRniSnuli uflebebis
SezRudva daiSveba sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT an mis gareSec,
kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli gadaudebeli aucileblobisas.“
specialuri kanoni, romelic awesrigebs piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeb-
lobasTan dakavSirebul am debulebas dResdReobiT saqarTveloSi ar
moqmedebs. specialuri kanonis ararseboba ar niSnavs, rom piris pirad
cxovrebaSi Careva daSvebulia. es sakiTxi gansakuTrebiT aqtualuria
mediis warmomadgenelTaTvis.
nebarTvis aReba ar aris aucilebeli im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki:
?
magaliTad, Tu media-
saSualebas surs rome-
lime kerZo piris gamo-
saxulebis (suraTis, vi-
deofilmis da a.S.) ga-
moqveyneba, amisaTvis man
aRniSnuli piris nebar-
Tva unda aiRos, winaaR-
mdeg SemTxvevaSi am uka-
nasknels ufleba aqvs,
dasvas misi gamosaxu-
lebis gamavrceleblis
pasuxismgeblobis
sakiTxi.
42/43
vtlbflf rfyjyb
_ piri sajaro figuras warmoadgens. sajaro pirad CaiTvleba maRali
Tanamdebobis piri ; piri, romelic zegavlenas axdens sazogadoebrivi
azris formirebaze ; agreTve piri, romelic sazogadoebis
yuradRebis centrSi moeqca garkveuli movlenis gamo.
_ foto an videofiri gadaRebulia sazogadoebrivi TavSeyris
adgilze.
_ dakavSirebulia marTlmsajulebis, policiis, samecniero, saswavlo
an kulturul miznebTan.
_ pirma poziorobisaTvis miiRo sazRauri.
samoqalaqo kodeqsis me-18 muxli samarTlebrivi dacvis erT-erT obi-
eqtad piradi cxovrebis saidumloebas da pirad xelSeuxeblobas miiC-
nevs. rogorc zemoT vnaxeT, samoqalaqo pasuxismgebloba ar SeiZleba
dadges, Tu informacia sinamdviles Seesabameba. amasTan piradi cxovre-
bis saidumloebis darRveva nebismier SemTxvevaSi gamoiwvevs pasuxis-
mgeblobas, Tundac gavrcelebuli informacia sinamdviles Seesabame-
bodes. adamians unda hqondes imis garantia, rom mis pirad cxovrebaSi
aravin Caereva da misi kerZo cxovrebis detalebs aravin gamoamzeurebs
sajarod. pirad saidumloebas mikuTvnebuli informaciis gamoqveynebi-
sas, pirs unda hqondes ufleba, dasvas im mediasaSualebis samoqalaqo
pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi, vinc misi piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba
daarRvia da moiTxovos misgan miyenebuli zianis anazRaureba. kanonis
es winaaRmdegobrivi norma Sesworebas saWiroebs.
amave dros unda arsebobdes gamonaklisi sajaro pirebTan mimarTebaSi,
raTa Jurnalistebma maT pirad cxovrebasTan dakavSirebiT informaciis
gavrceleba SesZlon. miT umetes, zogadi administraciuli kodeqsi ma-
magaliTad, ministri,
parlamentis wevri da a.S.
magaliTad, politikosi,
cnobili msaxiobi,
mwerali da a.S.
magaliTad, mitingze,
TeatrSi, koncertze da
a.S.
magaliTad, Zebnilis
suraTis gamoqveyneba
masobrivi informaciis
saSualebiT.
magaliTad, gaxda mis
msoflio, gamoqveynda
fotomodelis
gamosaxuleba.
Rali Tanamdebobis pirebis personalur monacemebs pirad saidumloebad
ar ganixilavs da am informacias sazogadoebisaTvis xelmisawvdomad
acxadebs.
SeiZleba Tu ara piris qmedebis
an saubris faruli Cawera?
es kiTxva gansakuTrebiT aqtualuri gaxda im aurzauris gamo, romelic
gasul wels warmoebul Jurnalistur gamoZiebebs mohyva. faruli Ca-
weris mowinaaRmdegeebs argumentad konstitucia mohyavT da amboben,
rom faruli CawerisaTvis aucilebelia mosamarTlis nebarTva. maT aviw-
ydebaT, rom es konstituciuri akrZalva saxelmwifo struqturebs exe-
baT da swored isini ar arian uflebamosilni moqalaqeTa pirad cxovre-
baSi aseTi Careva ganaxorcielon. kerZo pirebis mimarT ki moqmedebs
principi: rac akrZaluli ar aris, nebadarTulia. adamianis konstitu-
ciuri uflebaa, Seagrovos informacia yvelgan da yvela saSualebiT,
garda kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli gamonaklisebisa. es gamonaklisebi
SesabamisobaSi unda iyos konstituciis 19-e da 24-e muxlebTan. ar arse-
bobs kanoni, romelic krZalavs farul Caweras. Sesabamisad, faruli Ca-
wera nebadarTulia. ufro metic, rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, sajaro adgi-
lebSi aseTi foto da videogadaReba samoqalaqo kodeqsiT nebadarTu-
lia. Tumca, arsebobs garkveuli gamonaklisebi:
_ dauSvebelia faruli Cawera iseT sajaro adgilebSi an sxva piris
kerZo teritoriaze, sadac es piri darwmunebulia, rom misi piradi
xelSeuxebloba da piradi saidumloeba daculia.
_ dauSvebelia faruli Caweris ganxorcieleba kerZo pirTa
mflobelobaSi arsebul teritoriaze.
?
magaliTad, sazogado-
ebriv abanoSi.
magaliTad, ar SeiZleba
Jurnalistma faruli ka-
mera daayenos piris saxlSi,
Tavad am piris Tanxmobis
gareSe.
44/45
vtlbflf rfyjyb
_ dauSvebelia moqalaqeTa kerZo saubrebis Cawera. Jurnalists ufleba
ara aqvs, specialuri mowyobilobebis gamoyenebiT moisminos kerZo
pirTa saubrebi.
zemoTqmuli ar niSnavs imas, rom kerZo teritoriaze an kerZo saubrebis
Cawera saerTod ar SeiZleba. Jurnalists ufleba aqvs, Caiweros Tavisi
saubari sxva pirTan, Tundac is am dros kerZo mflobelobaSi arsebul
teritoriaze imyofebodes. Jurnalists aseve SeuZlia, Caiweros Tavisi
satelefono saubari sxva pirTan, am ukanasknelis Tanxmobis gareSe. am
SemTxvevaSi Jurnalisti Tavisi piradi saidumloebis dafiqsirebas ax-
dens. nebismier pirs aqvs ufleba, ganaxorcielos Tavisi Tavis audio
Tu video gadaReba. pirs aseve SeuZlia, gaavrcelos nebismieri informa-
cia sakuTari Tavis Sesaxeb. mocemul SemTxvevaSi swored aseT qmedebas-
Tan gveqneba saqme, Tu Jurnalisti farulad Caiwers sakuTar saubars
sxva pirTan da Semdeg mas gamoaqveynebs.
SeiZleba Tu ara faruli Canaweris
mtkicebulebad gamoyeneba?
diax.
amave dros, sisxlis samarTlis da samoqalaqo samarTlis saproceso
kodeqsebis Sesabamisad, araviTar mtkicebulebas ara aqvs winaswar dad-
genili Zala. es mtkicebulebebi mosamarTlem unda Seafasos Sinagani
rwmeniT. bolo periodSi mocemul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT sakmaod mwvave
debatebi mimdinareobda. zogierTi miiCnevs, rom farul Canawers iuri-
diuli Zala ara aqvs, radganac igi ukanonod mopovebuli mtkicebule-
baa. faruli Canaweri ukanono mtkicebulebad mxolod im SemTxvevaSi Ca-
iTvleba, Tu igi ganxorcielebulia samarTaldamcavi organoebis mier
kanoniT dadgenili moTxovnebis gareSe.
?
SesaZlebelia Tu ara kompensaciis moTxovna
pativisa da Rirsebis Semlaxveli informaciis
gavrcelebiT miRebuli zianisaTvis?
diax.
araswori an arasruli informacis gavrceleba zogjer iwvevs ara marto
piris pativis, Rirsebis an saqmiani reputaciis Selaxvas, aramed garkve-
ul qonebriv ziansac.
samoqalaqo kodeqsis me-18 muxlis me-6 nawili miuTiTebs, rom ziani anaz-
Raurdeba, Tu igi gamowveulia braleuli moqmedebiT. Tu gavrcelebuli
araswori cnobebis uaryofisaTvis braleuloba aucilebeli ar iyo,
mocemul SemTxvevaSi miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebisaTvis ganzraxvis
an gaufrTxileblobis arseboba aucilebelia.
zianis anazRaureba SesaZlebelia ori formiT:
_ pirma unda moiTxovos misTvis faqtobrivad miyenebuli qonebrivi
zianis anazRaureba an
_ moiTxovos misTvis im mogebis gadacema, romelic xelmyofs
warmoeqmna. anu aq igulisxmeba is Semosavali, romelic informaciis
gamavrcelebelma araswori informaciis gavrcelebiT miiRo. am
SemTxvevaSi mosarCles aqvs arCevanis saSualeba: Tu man umniSvnelo
qonebrivi ziani ganicada, rac mniSvnelovnad naklebia xelmyofis mier
miRebul mogebaze, maSin mosarClem SeiZleba, moiTxovos zianis
anazRaureba xelmyofis mier miRebuli mogebis formiT. Tu xelmyofis
mier miRebuli mogeba umniSvneloa, mosarClisaTvis miyenebul
qonebriv zianTan SedarebiT, maSin ufro mizanSewonili iqneba,
pirma miyenebuli qonebrivi zianis anazRaureba moiTxovos.
? magaliTad, mediasa-
SualebiT gavrcelda
cnoba imis Taobaze, rom
banki „qisa“ gakotrda
da mas araviTari fula-
di resursi aRar gaaCnia.
aRniSnuli informaciis
gavrcelebis Sedegad,
bankis yvela saqmianma
partniorma Sewyvita
masTan urTierToba.
cxadia, rom aseT SemTx-
vevaSi sawarmos SesaZloa,
mniSvnelovani ziani
miadges rogorc miRe-
buli qonebrivi danak-
lisis, aseve samomavlod
miuRebeli Semosavlis
saxiT. Tu dadasturdeba
gavrcelebuli infor-
maciis simcdare, anu is,
rom banki finansur
siZneleebs ar ganicdi-
da, bunebrivia, ganixi-
leba sakiTxi, eqvemde-
bareba Tu ara aramarT-
lzomieri qmedebiT
(araswori informaciis
gavrcelebiT) miyenebu-
li ziani anazRaurebas.
maT Soris, xelidan
gaSvebuli Semosavlisac.
magaliTad, mogeba,
romelic araswori in-
formaciis Semcvelma ga-
zeTma an Jurnalma reali-
zaciis Sedegad miiRo.
46/47
vtlbflf rfyjyb
qonebrivi zianis anazRaureba xdeba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu gavrce-
lebuli cnobebi sinamdvilesTan aSkara SeusabamobaSia da saxezea pir-
dapiri mizezobrivi kavSiri araswori informaciis gavrcelebasa da dam-
dgar qonebriv zians Soris.
SesaZlebelia Tu ara sinamdvilesTan Seusabamo
informaciis gavrcelebiT miyenebuli moraluri zianis
anazRaureba?
diax.
samoqalaqo kodeqsi aseT SesaZleblobas iTvaliswinebs. qonebrivi zianis
anazRaurebis paralelurad an/da misgan damoukideblad mosarCles
SeuZlia, moiTxovos araqonebrivi zianis anazRaurebac. moraluri ziani
gulisxmobs im sulier tkivils, rac mosarClem mis Sesaxeb araswori
informaciis gamoqveynebis Sedegad ganicada.
sakmao sirTules warmoadgens moraluri zianisaTvis fuladi kompensa-
ciis odenobis dadgena. samoqalaqo kodeqsi saubrobs „gonivrul da
samarTlian“ anazRaurebaze. am dros gasaTvaliswinebelia mosarClis
pirovneba, bralis xarisxi, xelmyofis socialuri statusi, xelyofis
simZime da a.S. kodeqsis komentarebSi aRniSnulia, rom:
`moraluri zianis anazRaurebis pirvel umTavress mizans ara
xelyofili uflebis restitucia Seadgens, romelic, SeuZlebelia,
radgan miyenebul zians fuladi ekvivalenti ar gaaCnia, aramed
sulieri Tu xorcieli tkivilis an xelyofili pirovnuli sikeTis
dadebiTi emociebiT Secvla. fuladma kompensaciam unda
uzrunvelyos axali dadebiTi emociebis meSveobiT dazaralebulis
?
moraluri
sulieri aSliloba, fizi-
kuri dauZlureba da a. S.
sulieri gawonasworeba da srulfasovani CarTva socialur
urTierTobaSi. aRniSnuli Seadgens moraluri zianis satisfaqciis
Sinaarss.“
moraluri zianis asanazRaurebladac aucilebelia, arsebobdes infor-
maciis gamavrceleblis brali.
vis ekisreba mtkicebis tvirTi gavrcelebuli
informaciis sinamdvilesTan Sesabamisobaze?
gavrcelebuli cnobebis sinamdviles informaciis gamavrcelebeli am-
tkicebs. pativis, Rirsebisa da saqmiani reputaciis Selaxvis Sesaxeb samo-
qalaqo sarCelis ganxilvis dros mosarCle valdebulia amtkicos, rom
aseTi cnobebi gavrcelebulia, magram mas ar ekisreba valdebuleba, am-
tkicos Seesabameba Tu ara es cnobebi sinamdviles. mtkicebis tvirTis
dakisreba mxolod cnobebis gamavrcelebelze am ukanasknels garkve-
ulad diskriminaciul mdgomareobaSi ayenebs. gansakuTrebiT, rodesac
saqme sajaro pirebis Sesaxeb informaciis gavrcelebas exeba. rogorc
wesi, umravless demokratiebSi aseT SemTxvevebSi mtkicebis tvirTi ekis-
reba ara informaciis gamavrcelebels, aramed Tavad sajaro pirs. aseTi
norma uzrunvelyofs Jurnalistis moqmedebis met Tavisuflebas, raTa
man daubrkoleblad SesZlos sajaro pirebis Sesaxeb sazogadoebisaTvis
mniSvnelovani informaciis miwodeba. saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsis
es norma, Cveni azriT, mniSvnelovan koreqtirebas da dasavlur stan-
dartebTan SesabamisobaSi moyvanas saWiroebs. Tu vinmes gavrcelebul
informaciasTan mimarTebaSi pretenzia aqvs, man Tavadve unda amtkicos
aRniSnuli informaciis sinamdvilesTan Seusabamoba.
?
es aris debuleba, rome-
lic mniSvnelovan prob-
lemebs uqmnis sityvis
Tavisuflebas saqarTve-
loSi.
48/49
vtlbflf rfyjyb
dawesebulia Tu ara SezRudvebi
arasrulwlovanTaTvis informaciis miwodebisas?
diax.
`mavne zegavlenisagan arasrulwlovanTa dacvis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos
kanonis Sesabamisad, saWiroa arasrulwlovanTa dacva im mavne zegavle-
nisagan, romelic dakavSirebulia kino, video, telefilmebis Cvenebasa
da nabeWd produqciasTan. kanonmdebloba arasrulwlovanad miiCnevs
pirs, romelsac 18 wlis asaks ar miuRwevia.
ra CaiTvleba
mavne zegavlenad?
mavne zegavlenad CaiTvleba iseTi filmis CvenebiT, an nabeWdi produq-
ciis gavrcelebiT miRebuli zemoqmedeba, romelmac SeiZleba, ziani mi-
ayenos arasrulwlovanis fsiqikur an/da fizikur janmrTelobas, mis go-
nebriv, moralur da socialur ganviTarebas.
arasrulwlovanebze mavne zemoqmedebis momxdenad SeiZleba CaiTvalos
filmi, romelic Seicavs seqsualuri urTierTobis, Zaladobis, narkoti-
kebis damzadebisa da ukanono moxmarebis amsaxvel scenebs.
seqsualuri urTierTobis amsaxveli scenebis Semcveli filmis Cveneba
SesaZlebelia gamonakliss SemTxvevebSi: Tu filmi samecniero, saganmana-
Tleblo an sainformacio xasiaTisaa, xolo seqsualuri urTierTobis
amsaxveli detalebi ki mocemulia mxolod im saxiT, romelic aucilebe-
lia saganmanaTleblo da sainformacio sakiTxebis ilustrirebisaTvis.
aseTi filmebis Cvenebis nebarTvas iZleva saqarTvelos ganaTlebis an
Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro.
?
?
kanoni filmebs oTx kategoriad hyofs:
filmi, romlis Cveneba SezRudulia 18 wlis asakamde;
filmi, romlis Cveneba SezRudulia 15 wlis asakamde;
filmi, romlis Cveneba akrZalulia 12 wlis asakamde;
filmi, romlis Cvenebac ar izRudeba.
am kategoriebis Sesabamisad, maT eniWebaT Sesabamisi aRmniSvneli niSnebi
– `18~ wrewirSi, `15~ wrewirSi, `12~ wrewirSi da laTinuri aso `U~ wre-
wirSi.
filmebisaTvis kategoriebis miniWeba unda moxdes saqarTvelos axal-
gazrdobis saqmeTa saxelmwifo departamentis Tavmjdomaris brZanebis
safuZvelze.
mavne zegavlenad CaiTvleba agreTve nabeWd produqciaSi mocemuli
seqsualuri urTierTobis amsaxveli masala. gamonaklisis daSveba am Sem-
TxvevaSic saqarTvelos ganaTlebis an Sromis, janmrTelobis da soci-
aluri dacvis saministros gadawyvetilebiTaa SesaZlebeli, Tu masala
samecniero, saganmanaTleblo an sainformacio xasiaTisaa, xolo seqsu-
aluri urTierTobis amsaxveli detalebi ki mocemulia mxolod im saxiT,
romelic aucilebelia saganmanaTleblo da sainformacio sakiTxebis
ilustrirebisaTvis.
mavne zegavlenis momxdeni filmebisa da nabeWdi produqciis reestrs
adgens saqarTvelos axalgazrdobis saqmeTa saxelmwifo departamenti.
50/51
vtlbflf rfyjyb
ra SezRudvebi arsebobs mavne zegavlenisagan
arasrulwlovanTa dasacavad?
telemauwyebeli valdebulia, 7-dan 24-saaTamde ar moaxdinos im filmis
demonstrireba, romlis Cveneba SezRudulia 18 wlamde; 7-dan 23 saaTamde
_ im filmisa, romlis Cveneba SezRudulia 15 wlamde; 7-dan 22 saaTamde
ki _ im filmisa, romlis Cveneba SezRudulia 12 wlamde. es SezRudva ar
vrceldeba kodirebul satelevizio arxebze.
akrZalulia arasrulwlovanebze mavne zegavlenis momxdeni filmebis da
nabeWdi produqciis gare vaWroba. aq igulisxmeba vaWroba droebiTi
sadgomebidan, avtomanqanidan, Senobis gareT ganlagebuli daxlidan.
dauSvebelia mavne zegavlenis momxdeni nabeWdi produqciis arasrul-
wlovanisaTvis miyidva. srulwlovanisaTvis aseTi produqciis miyidva
dasaSvebia mxolod SefuTuli saxiT da garekanze warweriT `akrZalulia
18 wlamde~.
?
gaTvaliswinebulia Tu ara sixlissamarTlebrivi
pasuxismgebloba ciliswamebisaTvis?
diax.
saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 148-e muxli aseT
pasuxismgeblobas iTvaliswinebs. saxeldobr:
`ciliswameba danaSaulis dabralebiT isjeba
jarimiT an sazogadoebisaTvis sasargeblo SromiT
vadiT asidan oras saaTamde anda gamasworebeli
samuSaoTi vadiT erT wlamde“.
es imas niSnavs, rom pativisa da Rirsebis Semlaxveli aras-
wori cnobebis gavrceleba yovelTvis ar iwvevs sisxlis sa-
marTlebriv pasuxismgeblobas. imisaTvis, rom qmedeba sisx-
lissamarTlebriv ciliswamebad CaiTvalos, aucilebelia
Semdeg garemoebaTa arseboba:
gavrcelebuli cnoba unda iyos mcdari.
?
Tavi V.Tavi V.Tavi V.Tavi V.Tavi V. sisxlissamarTlebrivisisxlissamarTlebrivisisxlissamarTlebrivisisxlissamarTlebrivisisxlissamarTlebrivi
pasuxismgeblobapasuxismgeblobapasuxismgeblobapasuxismgeblobapasuxismgebloba
kanonsawinaaRmdego informaciiskanonsawinaaRmdego informaciiskanonsawinaaRmdego informaciiskanonsawinaaRmdego informaciiskanonsawinaaRmdego informaciis
gavrcelebisaTvisgavrcelebisaTvisgavrcelebisaTvisgavrcelebisaTvisgavrcelebisaTvis
52/53
vtlbflf rfyjyb
amavdroulad is zians unda ayenebdes piris pativsa da Rirsebas.
informaciis gamavrcelebelma winaswar unda icodes gavrcelebuli informaciis simcdare
da Segnebulad avrcelebdes am informacias, anu aucilebelia, rom Jurnalisti pirdapiri
ganzraxviT moqmedebdes. pasuxismgebloba ciliswamebisaTvis gamoricxulia im SemTxvevebSi,
rodesac piri ganzrax ar avrcelebs mcdar informacias.
gavrcelebul informaciaSi unda iyos piris Sesaxeb iseTi cnoba, romelic mas danaSaulis
CadenaSi amxels. Tu gavrcelebuli cnoba piris danaSaulebriv qmedebas ar exeba, mcdari
informaciis SemTxvevaSic ki, piris sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba ar dadgeba.
ciliswamebaze saqmis aRZvris uflebamosileba arc mokvlevis organos, arc gamomZiebels da arc
prokurors ar gaaCnia. ciliswamebaze saqmis aRZvra mxolod dazaralebulis saCivris safuZvelze
SeiZleba, rac imas niSnavs, rom ciliswamebaze mxolod kerZo sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnaa SesaZ-
lebeli. dazaralebuls, romelsac surs, pasuxi agebinos cilismwamebluri cnobebis gamavrce-
lebels, SeuZlia, sarCeliT mimarTos raionul sasamarTlos da moiTxovos piris sisxlis samar-
Tlis pasuxismgeblobis dayeneba. raionuli sasamarTlo iRebs gadawyvetilebas sisxlis samarTlis
saqmis aRZvris an sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvraze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb.
im SemTxvevaSi, Tu dazaralebuli uars ityvis sarCelze da Seurigdeba braldebuls, sisxlis
samarTlis saqme aucileblad Sewydeba. Serigeba dasaSvebia saqmis ganxilvis nebismier stadiaze,
TviT sakasacio wesiT saqmis ganxilvisas, manam, vidre mosamarTleebi sasamarTlos saTaTbiro
oTaxSi gavlen.
prokurors or SemTxvevaSi aqvs ciliswamebasTan dakavSirebuli saqmeebis ganxilvaSi monawile-
obis ufleba: dazaralebulis moTxovniT; an sakuTari iniciativiT, Tu saqme gansakuTrebuli
sazogadoebrivi mniSvnelobisaa.
samoqalaqo saqmeebisgan gansxvavebiT, ciliswamebasTan dakavSirebul sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebSi
mtkicebis tvirTi mTlianad braldebis mxares ekisreba. sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebSi informa-
ciis gamavrcelebeli Tavad ar amtkicebs Tavis udanaSaulobas da gavrcelebuli cnobebis sinam-
dvilesTan Sesabamisobas. aqedan gamomdinare, piri, romelic sxva piris sisxlissamarTlebrivi
wesiT dasjas moiTxovs, gacilebiT rTul mdgomareobaSi iyenebs sakuTar Tavs, vidre samoqalaqo
samarTalwarmoebis SemTxvevaSi, sadac mtkicebis tvirTi cnobebis gamavrcelebelze modis. imis
gaTvaliswinebiT, rom braldebis mxarisaTvis gacilebiT rTulia Selaxuli pativis, Rirsebis an
saqmiani reputaciis dacva sisxlissamarTlebrivi samarTalwarmoebis gziT, praqtikaSi am tipis
saqmeebi metwilad samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebis wesiT ganixileba.
aRsaniSnavia, rom Zveli sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT ciliswameba bevrad ufro farTod iyo gage-
buli da Segnebulad cru monaWoris gavrcelebis yvela SemTxvevis dasjas iTvaliswinebda. dRes
moqmedi kanonmdebloba ki dasjadad ciliswamebis mxolod erT saxes acxadebs.
agebs Tu ara piri pasuxs
SeuracxyofisaTvis?
ara.
Zveli sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi Seuracxyofis sisxlissamarTlebriv dasjasac iTvaliswinebda.
Seuracxyofad iTvleboda sxvisi pativisa da Rirsebis ganzrax damcireba, gamoxatuli uweso
formiT. axalma sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsma adre arsebul koncefciaze uari Tqva, da Seurac-
xyofa danaSaulad aRar ganixileba. Tumca, erTaderTi forma, romelic kodeqss SemorCa, sasamar-
Tlos upativcemulobis gamo dasjaa. saxeldobr, kodeqsis 366-e muxlis Tanaxmad:
`sasamarTlos upativcemuloba, rac gamoixata samarTalwarmoebis monawilis SeuracxyofiT, _
isjeba jarimiT an sazogadoebrivad sasargeblo SromiT vadiT as oTxmocidan oras ormoc
saaTamde anda tusaRobiT vadiT oridan oTx Tvemde.
igive qmedeba, rac gamoixata sakonstitucio sasamarTlos wevris, mosamarTlis an msajulis
SeuracxyofiT, _
isjeba jarimiT an gamasworebeli samuSaoTi vadiT erTidan or wlamde anda tusaRobiT
vadiT samidan eqvs Tvemde.~
?
54/55
vtlbflf rfyjyb
kodeqsis es muxli mraval SekiTxvas badebs da calsaxaa, rom Tanamedrove
dasavlur standartebs ar Seesabameba. unda aRiniSnos isic, rom normis
mixedviT naTeli ar aris, sasamarTlosadmi upativcemuloba marto sasa-
marTlo sxdomis drosaa dasjadi, Tu sxvaganac.
meores mxriv, sasamarTlosadmi upativcemulobas adgili aqvs, Tu piri
Seuracxmyofel gancxadebebs akeTebs samarTalwarmoebis nebismieri mo-
nawilis _ rogorc braldebulis, dazaralebulis, mowmis, eqspertis,
bralmdeblis Tu sxvaTa mimarT. amave dros damamZimebel garemoebad
iTvleba mosamarTlis an msajulis Seuracxyofa.
unda iTqvas, rom amgvari midgoma absoluturad miuRebelia. sasamarT-
losadmi upativcemulo damokidebulebis SemTxvevaSi, mosamarTles uf-
leba unda hqondes, miiRos Sesabamisi zomebi, Tumca es aramc da aramc
ar niSnavs sasamarTlosadmi upativcemulobis gamo sisxlissamarTleb-
rivi zemoqmedebis zomebis miRebas. gansakuTrebiT miuRebelia is gare-
moeba, rom dakonkretebuli ar aris, Tu sad SeiZleba CaiTvalos danaSa-
ulad amgvari qmedeba _ sasamarTlo sxdomis dros, Tu sasamarTlos
miRma. araadekvaturia aseve is faqtoric, rom mosamarTlis da msajulis
Seuracxyofa ganixileba calke, damamZimebel garemoebad.
isjeba Tu ara
omis propaganda?
diax.
mowodeba agresiuli omis gaCaRebisaken sisxlis samarTlis 405-e muxlis
mixedviT, dasjad qmedebas warmoadgens, saxeldobr:
?
gaaZevos piri darbazidan,
daakisros mas jarima an
Seufardos administra-
ciuli dapatimreba.
cxadia, Tu piris qmedeba
imavdroulad sxva dana-
Saulis niSnebs ar Seicavs.
`saqveynod mowodeba agresiuli omis gaCaRebisaken, _
isjeba jarimiT an Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT sam wlamde;
igive qmedeba Cadenili sainformacio saSualebiT an saxelmwifo politikuri Tanamdebobis
piris mier, _
isjeba jarimiT an Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT oridan xuT wlamde, Tanamdebobis
dakavebis an saqmianobis uflebis CamorTmeviT vadiT sam wlamde.~
TavisTavad omisaken mowodebis danaSaulad ganxilva ar SeiZleba. sazogadoebas aqvs ufleba,
imsjelos TavdacviTi omis warmoebis an Zalis meSveobiT teritoriuli mTlianobis aRdgenis
Taobaze. Tu romelime ucxo saxelmwifos samxedro Zalebma daarRvies saxelmwifo sazRvari da
ganaxorcieles samxedro operacia qveynis teritoriaze, rogorc saxelmwifo politikuri
Tanamdebobis pirebs, aseve Cveulebriv moqalaqeebsac aqvT sruli ufleba, gamoxaton TavianTi
pozicia TavdacviTi omis dawyebis aucileblobis Sesaxeb da mouwodon xelisuflebas aseTi omis
dawyebis Taobaze. afxazeTis konfliqtTan dakavSirebiT qarTul sazogadoebaSi gansxvavebuli
Sexedulebebi arsebobs, maT Soris sakmaod radikaluric, magram es ar niSnavs imas, rom am Sexe-
dulebis avtorebis winaaRmdeg SesaZlebelia sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvra. danaSaulad CaiT-
vleba mxolod agresiuli omisaken mowodeba. anu iseTi mowodeba, romelic iTvaliswinebs sxva
qveynis teritoriis dakavebas, sxva qveyanaze samxedro agresiis ganxorcielebas da a.S. am SemT-
xvevaSic, Cveni azriT, aucilebelia dadgindes, ramdenad SeuZlia am mowodebas gamoiwvios aseTi
agresia an daZabos situacia. anu mowodeba unda Seicavdes myisier da uSualo safrTxes. uwyinar
situaciaSi an privatul saubrebSi gakeTebuli am tipis gancxadebebi, romlebic realurad mxolod
piris pozicias gamoxatavs da ar aris mimarTuli pirdapir da myisierad agresiuli qmedebebis
gamowvevisaken, ar unda CaiTvalos danaSaulad. mowodeba dasjadia, Tu igi saqveynod keTdeba.
dasjadia Tu ara xelisuflebis
damxobisaken mowodeba?
diax.
?
56/57
vtlbflf rfyjyb
sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 317-e muxlis Sesabamisad,
`saqveynod mowodeba saqarTvelos konstituciuri wyobis
ZaladobiT Secvlisaken an saxelmwifo xelisuflebis damxobisaken,
anda aseTi mowodebis Semcveli masalis gavrceleba, agreTve am
mizniT SeiaraRebisaken mowodeba, _ isjeba jarimiT an
Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT sam wlamde.~
TavisTavad konstituciuri wyobis Secvlisaken mowodeba danaSaulad
ar CaiTvleba. nebismier moqalaqes aqvs sruli ufleba, ar moswondes ar-
sebuli konstituciuri wyoba da mxars uWerdes sxva tipis saxelmwifo
formebs.
amasTanave moqalaqes aqvs ufleba, sajarod gamoxatos Tavisi pozicia
da awarmoos propaganda konstituciuri wyobis Secvlis mizniT, cxadia,
mxolod konstituciuri gziT, rac mSvidobiani formebiT moqmedebas
gulisxmobs. dasjadia mxolod is mowodeba, romelic konstituciuri
wyobis Zaladobriv Secvlas gulisxmobs. Tanamedrove civilizebul qvey-
nebSi danaSaulad ar iTvleba martooden konstituciuri wyobis Secvlis
mowodeba. danaSaulis niSnebze mxolod im SemTxvevaSia SesaZlebeli sa-
ubari, roca mowodeba realur da seriozul safrTxes qmnis, rac uSualo
da myisier ZaladobaSi gamoixateba.
ra pasuxismgeblobas iwvevs sxva piris cxovrebis
xelSeuxeblobis darRveva?
saqarTvelos konstitucia icavs piris piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblo-
bas. qveynis ZiriTadi kanonis Tanaxmad, aravis aqvs piris cxovrebaSi uka-
nonod Carevis ufleba. sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi dasjadad acxadebs
iseT danaSauls, rogoricaa:
?
magaliTad, proleta-
riatis diqtaturas, mo-
narqias, Teokratias da
a.S.
`piradi an ojaxuri saidumlos ukanonod Senaxva an gavrceleba, _
isjeba jarimiT anda gamasworebeli samuSaoTi vadiT erT wlamde,
anda Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT imave vadiT.
piradi an ojaxuri saidumlos ukanonod gamoyeneba an gavrceleba
ama Tu im xerxiT gavrcelebul nawarmoebSi, masobrivi
mauwyeblobiT an sajaro gamosvlisas, _ isjeba gamasworebeli
samuSaoTi vadiT or wlamde, anda Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT imave
vadiT.~
kanoni krZalavs piradi an ojaxuri saidumloebis Semcveli cnobebis uka-
nonod Segrovebas an gavrcelebas. sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobaze
ar SeiZleba saubari im SemTxvevaSi, roca pirs kanoniT aqvs miniWebuli
piradi an ojaxuri saidumlos Segrovebis an gavrcelebis ufleba.
piradi da ojaxuri saidumloebis dacvis valdebuleba marTalia, yve-
laze vrceldeba, magram gansakuTrebuli valdebulebebi am mxriv saxel-
mwifo organoebs akisriaT. saxelmwifo valdebulia, daicvas kanoni da
Sesabamisad:
ar Caerios piris pirad cxovrebaSi;
ar Seagrovos piris Sesaxeb informacia, kanoniT zustad
gansazRvruli SemTxvevebis garda;
ar gaamJRavnos saxelmwifo uwyebebSi kanonierad daculi, pirad
saidumloebas mikuTvnebuli informacia, garda im SemTxvevebisa,
rodesac kanoni pirdapir avalebs aRniSnul uwyebas am informaciis
gacemas.
magaliTad, statisti-
kis departaments kano-
niT evaleba mosaxle-
obis sayovelTao aRwe-
ris Casatareblad piradi
monacemebis Segroveba;
xolo sagadasaxado ins-
peqtors _ piris Semo-
savlebis Sesaxeb. sajaro
Tanamdebobis pirTa
qonebrivi deklaraci-
ebis biuro ki, kanonis
safuZvelze, gascems ma-
Rali Tanamdebobis pi-
rebis deklaraciebs,
romlebic Seicaven
piris qonebrivi mdgo-
mareobis Sesaxeb deta-
lur informacias.
58/59
vtlbflf rfyjyb
aq yuradReba unda gavamaxviloT erT aspeqtze, romelmac SesaZloa, Jur-
nalistur praqtikaSi iCinos Tavi: kerZod, Jurnalistma, an nebismierma
moqalaqem SeiZleba SemTxveviT moipovos informacia sxva piris Sesaxeb;
SesaZloa, aseTi informacia, zepiri an dokumenturi saxiT, mas kanondar-
RveviT gadasces sxva pirma. aseT SemTxvevebSi, cxadia, verc Jurnalists,
verc moqalaqes ver aukrZalav gaavrcelos cnobebi imis Sesaxeb, rac
moismina, dainaxa an Seityo. aseT SemTxvevebSi zedmetia saubari raime
sisxlissamarTlebriv pasuxismgeblobaze. piri ar unda daavaldebu-
lo, ar gaavrcelos informacia, romelic man sajaro adgilas Seagro-
va. miT umetes, roca saqme Jurnalistebs exebaT, romelTa profesiuli
vali realobis obieqturi asaxvaa. pirma pasuxi arc iseTi informaciis
gavrcelebaze unda agos, romelic sxva piris an masobrivi informaciis
saSualebis mieraa ukve gavrcelebuli.
sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi ar awesebs raime gamonakliss sajaro pirebis
Sesaxeb informaciis gavrcelebaze. iqedan gamomdinare, rom sajaro
pirebis gavlena sazogadoebis cxovrebaze Zalzed didia, Sesabamisad,
gazrdilia maT mimarT sazogadoebis interesi. sazogadoebas gaaCnia uf-
leba, flobdes srulyofil informacias sajaro piris pirovnebis Sesa-
xeb. amdenad, maT Sesaxeb piradi saidumloebis Semcveli informaciis gav-
rceleba sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulad ar unda CaiTvalos. miT ufro,
rom sajaro dawesebulebebSi Tanamdebobis pirebis Sesaxeb daculi pi-
radi saidumloebis Semcveli informacia yvelasaTvis xelmisawvdomia.
agebs Tu ara Jurnalisti pasuxs saxelmwifo
saidumloebis Semcveli informaciis gavrcelebisaTvis?
saxelmwifo saidumloebas ganekuTvneba iseTi informaciaa, romlis gam-
JRavnebac safrTxes uqmnis saxelmwifo uSiSroebis an sazogadoebrvi
usafrTxoebis interesebs. ama Tu im informaciis saxelmwifo saidum-
dainaxa, moismina da a.S
quCaSi, TeatrSi da a.S
Tundac sxvasTan
isaubros
SemTxveviT dainaxos,
gaigonos, xelSi
Cauvardes dokumenti
?
loebad mikuTvnebis sakiTxs wyvets uflebamosili Tanamdebobis piri,
romelic kanoniT dadgenili wesiT asaidumloebs informacias da aniWebs
mas grifs `saidumlo~. saxelmwifo saidumloeba xelmisawvdomia mxolod
sajaro moxeleTa mkacrad gansazRvruli wrisaTvis. swored maTi mova-
leobaa saxelmwifo saidumloebis dacva, rac, cxadia, Sesabamisi infor-
maciis gamJRavnebisaTvis pasuxisgebasac gulisxmobs.
interesmoklebuli ar unda iyos sakiTxi, romelic uSualod mediis pa-
suxismgeblobas exeba. SekiTxvaze, Tu ramdenad agebs Jurnalisti pasuxs
saxelmwifo saidumloebas mikuTvnebuli informaciis gamoqveynebaze,
romelic mas xelSi Cauvarda, pasuxi sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 320-e
muxlSi unda veZeboT:
`saxelmwifo saidumloebis ganzrax an gaufrTxileblad gaxmaureba
imis mier, vinc aseTi saidumloeba icoda Tavisi samsaxurebrivi
mdgomareobis gamo an visac is gaandes, _
isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT xuT wlamde, Tanamdebobis
dakavebis an saqmianobis uflebis CamorTmeviT vadiT sam wlamde.
igive qmedeba, ramac gamoiwvia saqarTvelos interesebisaTvis
mZime Sedegi, _
isjeba Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT vadiT xuTidan rva wlamde,
Tanamdebobis dakavebis an saqmianobis uflebis CamorTmeviT vadiT
sam wlamde.“
aRniSnuli norma subieqtTa sakmaod farTo wres exeba da SesaZleblobas
iZleva, saxelmwifo saidumloebis gamJRavnebisaTvis pasuxi agos ara mar-
to saxelmwifo moxelem, aramed nebismierma pirma, maT Soris Jurnalis-
tma, romelsac es saidumloeba gaandes. Tu Jurnalistma gamoaqveyna
60/61
vtlbflf rfyjyb
saxelmwifo saidumloebis Semcveli informacia, aseT SemTxvevaSi SesaZloa, dadges Jurnalistis
sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi. Tanac pasuxismgebloba dadgeba ara mxolod
specialuri miznis an ganzraxvis arsebobis, agreTve gaufrTxileblobis SemTxvevaSic. Tumca,
kanonis es norma SeiZleba sxvagvaradac ganimartos: sityvebi `visac is gaandes~ gulisxmobs im
pirebs, visac saxelmwifo saidumloebis dacva kanoniT evaleba. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu Jurnalists
SemTxveviT Cauvarda xelSi informacia, grifiT `saidumlo~ an igi sajaro moxelem mas kanonis
moTxovnaTa darRveviT gadasca, Jurnalisti Tavisufldeba pasuxismgeblobisagan.
am normis sxvagvari interpretacia ar unda moxdes. Tuki davuSvebT imis SesaZleblobas, rom
saxelmwifo saidumloebis Semcveli informacia Jurnalistma moipovos, ratom gamovricxavT imis
albaTobas, rom am kategoriis informacia mtruli saxelmwifos specsamsaxuris xelSi aRmoCndeba.
mediasaSualebebSi aseTi informaciis gamoqveynebam, SesaZloa, garkveuli indikatoris roli Se-
asrulos da daanaxos sazogadoebas, Tu ramdenadaa daculi qveyanaSi saxelmwifo saidumloeba.
Tu saxelmwifo saidumloeba iolad xelmisawvdomia, sazogadoebas sruli ufleba aqvs, es prob-
lema sajaro msjelobis sagnad aqcios. saxelmwifo saidumlos dacva pirvel rigSi saxelmwifo
moxelis movaleoba unda iyos, da ara Jurnalistis, romelmac unda miawodos sazogadoebas misTvis
sasicocxlod aucilebeli informacia.
isjeba Tu ara pornografiuli Sinaarsis
nawarmoebis gavrceleba?
diax.
saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 255-e muxlis Sesabamisad:
`pornografiuli nawarmoebis, nabeWdi gamocemis, gamosaxulebis an pornografiuli
xasiaTis sxva sagnis ukanonod damzadeba, gavrceleba an reklamireba, agreTve aseTi
sagniT vaWroba anda misi Senaxva gayidvis an gavrcelebis mizniT, _
isjeba jarimiT an gamasworebeli samuSaoTi vadiT or wlamde anda Tavisuflebis
aRkveTiT imave vadiT.~
?
aRniSnuli debuleba miuTiTebs, rom pornografiuli nawarmoebebis brunva SezRuduli ki ar aris,
aramed saerTod akrZalulia. gamonakliss warmoadgens specialuri pirobebis dacviT srulwlo-
vanebisTvis aseTi tipis nawarmoebebis miwodeba. swored amitomac, kodeqsis es debuleba praqti-
kaSi xSirad irRveva. aRsaniSnavia, rom Tanamedrove civilizebul qveynebSi pornografiul nawar-
moebTa gavrceleba SesaZlebelia, magram gansakuTrebuli wesebis dacviT da isic mxolod srulw-
lovanebze. amave dros, kanonmdeblobaSi ar arsebobs cnebis `pornografiuli nawarmoebis~ gan-
marteba. es kidev ufro uwyobs xels am muxlTan dakavSirebiT praqtikis araerTgvarovnebas. am
cnebis dazusteba sakmaod rTulia mwiri da winaaRmdegobrivi praqtikis safuZvelze. Tumca, saer-
TaSoriso da adgilobrivi praqtikis gaTvaliswinebiT, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom pornografiulad
CaiTvleba nawarmoebi, romelsac ar gaaCnia politikuri, mxatvruli, literaturuli an samecniero
Rirebuleba, Seicavs seqsualuri urTierTobis amsaxvel naturalistur scenebs da iwvevs msme-
nelis/mkiTxvelis qvena instiqtebis gaRviZebas.
Cveni azriT, kodeqsis es muxli met dazustebas da sicxades moiTxovs. sadaoa agreTve sanqciaTa
odenoba.
isjeba Tu ara Zaladobis
an sisastikis propaganda?
diax.
saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 255-e muxlis Sesabamisad:
`damzadeba, gavrceleba, Cveneba an Senaxva gavrcelebisa da Cvenebis mizniT kinofilmisa,
videofilmisa an sxvagvari nawarmoebisa, romelic propagandas uwevs Zaladobis an
sisastikis kults, _
isjeba jarimiT an gamasworebeli samuSaoTi vadiT or wlamde anda Tavisuflebis
aRkveTiT vadiT erT wlamde.~
TavisTavad sisastikis an Zaladobis Semcveli scenis gavrceleba an Cveneba sisxlis samarTlis
?
62/63
vtlbflf rfyjyb
kodeqsiT dasjdi ar aris. aseTi scenebi mraval nawarmoebSia da mas SeiZleba mxatvruli Rirebu-
lebac gaaCndes. aq saubaria ganzrax danaSaulze, romlis mizania sazogadoebaSi Zaladobis an
sisastikis, rogorc adamianuri urTierTobis formis danergvaze. Zaladobis an sisastikis Sem-
cveli scenis Cveneba danaSaulad mxolod maSin unda CaiTvalos, Tu es qmedeba miznad isaxavs
Zaladobis Tu sisastikis kultis propagandas. aRsaniSnavia, rom es muxli praqtikulad mkvdar
normas warmoadgens da kodeqsis miRebis Semdeg sasamarTlos am muxlis safuZvelze arc erTi
gamamtyunebeli ganaCeni ar gamoutania.
sWirdeba Tu ara masobrivi informaciis
saSualebas registracia?
masobrivi informaciis saSualebebze mewarmeTa kanoniT
gaTvaliswinebuli registraciis zogadi wesi vrceldeba,
radgan saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ar iTvaliswinebs spe-
cialur saregistracio moTxovnebs mediasaSualebebisTvis.
`presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebis Sesa-
xeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-7 muxli adgens:
`1. masobrivi informaciis saSualebebi TavianT
saqmianobas axorcieleben mxolod
registraciis Semdeg.
2. registraciis wess gansazRvravs saqarTvelos
kanoni `mewarmeTa Sesaxeb~.
3. Tu masobrivi informaciis saSualeba raime
mizezis gamo ar funqcionirebs erTi wlis
ganmavlobaSi, aucilebelia misi xelmeored
registracia.~
?
Tavi VI.Tavi VI.Tavi VI.Tavi VI.Tavi VI. masobrivi informaciismasobrivi informaciismasobrivi informaciismasobrivi informaciismasobrivi informaciis
saSualebaTa dafuZneba dasaSualebaTa dafuZneba dasaSualebaTa dafuZneba dasaSualebaTa dafuZneba dasaSualebaTa dafuZneba da
saqmianobis Sewyvetasaqmianobis Sewyvetasaqmianobis Sewyvetasaqmianobis Sewyvetasaqmianobis Sewyveta
64/65
vtlbflf rfyjyb
1994 wels Setanili Sesworebebis safuZvelze, masobrivi informaciis
saSualebebis mimarT sruliad samarTlianad gavrcelda mewarmeTa ka-
noniT dadgenili zogadi moTxovnebi, saxeldobr: masobrivi informaciis
saSualeba SeiZleba daregistrirdes mewarmeTa Sesaxeb kanoniT gaTva-
liswinebuli erT-erTi organizaciul-samarTlebrivi formiT. Tu sa-
warmo ukve dafuZnebulia, masobrivi informaciis axali saSualebis
calke registracia aucilebeli ar aris. sawarmos ufleba aqvs, ganaxor-
cielos nebismieri saqmianoba, rac kanoniT akrZaluli ar aris. aqve unda
aRiniSnos, rom kanonis am muxlis pirveli da mesame punqtebi sruliad
zedmeti da mniSvnelovnad moZvelebulia.
zemoxsenebuli me-7 muxlis pirveli punqtiT dadgenili registraciis
moTxovna ewinaaRmdegeba rogorc saqarTvelos konstitucias, aseve me-
warmeTa Sesaxeb kanonsac. informaciis gavrcelebisaTvis raime saxel-
mwifo nebarTva an registracia aucilebeli ar aris. faqtobrivad, saqme
gvaqvs anomaliur normasTan, romelic ewinaaRmdegeba saerTod mewar-
meTa kanonis koncefcias. am koncefciis Tanaxmad, samewarmeo saqmianobis
dawyebisas mewarme gadis registracias, ris Semdegac misi saqmianobis
calkeuli mimarTulebebis registracia savaldebulo ar aris. gasaTva-
liswinebelia isic, rom kanonmdebloba uSualod masobrivi informaciis
registraciaze pasuxismgebel calke organos ar icnobs da amdenad, Tu
vinme axali gazeTis gamoSvebas apirebs, Zneli warmosadgenia, sad unda
moxdes gazeTis daregistrireba. informaciis gavrceleba da mewarme-
oba gansxvavebuli cnebebia. adamians unda hqondes, yovelgvari regis-
traciebis gareSe, informaciis Tavisufali gavrcelebis ufleba. Tu in-
formaciis gavrceleba, mogebis miRebis mizniT, araerTjerad saqmiano-
bas anu mewarmeobas warmoadgens, mxolod am SemTxvevaSi warmoiSoba me-
warmed daregistrirebis aucilebloba.
aseTive anomalias warmoadgens am muxlis me-3 punqti. Tu kanonis Tanax-
individualuri sawarmo,
SezRuduli pasuxismgeb-
lobis sazogadoeba, ko-
mandituri sazogadoeba,
solidaruli pasuxis-
mgeblobis sazogadoeba,
saaqcio sazogadoeba.
axali gazeTis, Jurnalis
da a.S.
mad, savaldebulo ar aris masobrivi informaciis saSualebis calke re-
gistracia, arc misi xelaxali registracia unda iyos savaldebulo, imis-
da miuxedavad, ra vadiT iyo Sewyvetili am sainformacio saSualebis fun-
qcionireba. sagadasaxado aRricxvianobis sakiTxs awesrigebs sagadasa-
xado kanonmdebloba, romelsac universaluri mniSvneloba aqvs nebismieri
saqmianobisaTvis, maT Soris masobrivi informaciis saSualebebisTvisac.
kanonis es debuleba aseve ewinaaRmdegeba adamianis uflebaTa evropul
konvencias, romlis meaTe muxlis pirvel punqtSi miTiTebulia:
`yvelas aqvs ufleba gamoxatvis Tavisuflebaze. es ufleba moicavs
adamianis Tavisuflebas _ hqondes mosazrebani da miiRos da
gaavrcelos informacia da ideebi sajaro xelisuflebis
Carevis gareSe da sazRvrebis miuxedavad. es muxli ar SeuSlis
xels saxelmwifoebs, moiTxovon licenzireba mauwyeblobis,
televiziisa da kinowarmoebisaTvis.~
es ki imas niSnavs, rom beWdviTi mediis gavrcelebisaTvis raime SezRud-
vis daweseba dauSvebelia. Sesabamisad anomalias warmoadgens presisa
da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebis Sesaxeb kanonis me-9 da me-10
muxlebic, romelTa mixedviT, SesaZlebelia registraciaze uaris Tqma
an registraciis gareSe, gamonaklisis saxiT garkveuli informaciis gav-
rceleba. Tu registracia mewarmeTa Sesaxeb kanoniT xorcieldeba, maSin
registraciaze uaris Tqmac imave kanonis Sesabamisad unda xorcielde-
bodes. registraciis gareSe informaciis gavrceleba zogadad aris da-
saSvebi da ara gamonaklisis saxiT. registracia aucilebeli unda iyos
ukanono mewarmeobis da gadasaxadebisagan Tavis aridebis aRsakveTad
da igi ar unda gaxdes informaciis gavrcelebis savaldebulo winapi-
roba. Sesabamisad, es muxlebi unda gauqmdes, radganac isini ewinaaRmde-
gebian konstitucias, saerTaSoriso normebsa da moqmed kanonmdeblobas.
sagadasaxado organoSi
aRricxvaze ayvanas da
moxsnas.
maT Soris saregistracio
66/67
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SeiZleba calsaxad iTqvas, nebismier adamians aqvs ufleba, gaavrcelos
nebismieri informacia, yovelgvari nebarTvis Tu registraciis gareSe.
Tu vinme am saqmianobas araerTjeradi mogebis mizniT eweva, igi unda
daregistrirdes `mewarmeTa Sesaxeb~ kanonis Sesabamisad. mewarmed dare-
gistrirebul pirs ar sWirdeba damatebiTi registracia, Tu is axal an
damatebiT gazeTs Tu Jurnals gamoscems.
aucilebelia Tu ara
masobrivi informaciis saSualebis licenzireba?
rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia sa-
licenzio moTxovnebis arsebobas dasaSvebad miiCnevs mxolod mauwyeb-
lobasa da kinowarmoebasTan mimarTebaSi. teleradiokompaniebis mier
mauwyeblobis ganxorcielebis sakiTxi beWdviTi mediisgan gansxvavebu-
lad regulirdeba. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom teleradiomauwyebloba
bunebrivad SezRuduli resursis sixSiruli speqtris meSveobiT xorci-
eldeba, aseTi saqmianobis dasawyebad aucilebelia samauwyeblo licen-
ziis aReba. salicenzio moTxovnebi aucilebelia, teqnikuri probleme-
bis Tavidan asacileblad.
kavSirgabmulobis da fostis Sesaxeb kanonis Tanaxmad, samauwyeblo li-
cenzias gascems saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli komisia. tele-
radiomauwyeblobis licenzia ar gaicema:
ucxo qveynis dawesebulebebze;
ucxo qveynis moqalaqeebze;
ucxo qveyanaSi daregistrirebul iuridiul pirebze,
maT filialebsa Tu warmomadgenlobebze;
saqarTveloSi daregistrirebul iuridiul pirebze, sadac ucxo
qveynis dawesebulebebs, ucxo qveynis moqalaqeebs, ucxoeTSi
daregistrirebul iuridiul pirebs 50%-ze meti wili aqvT.
maT Soris gazeTis Tu
Jurnalis saxiT
?
sixSireebis gadafarva
da a.S.
komisia licenzias gascems saerTo, specializebul an satranzito tele-
radiomauwyeblobaze. mauwyebloba specializebulia Tu teleradi-
okompania gadascems mxolod erTi Tematikis programebs. saerTo li-
cenziis mosapoveblad tele/radiokompaniam unda gadasces aranakleb
ori Tematikis programebi. satranzito mauwyeblobis licenzia moeT-
xovebaT im tele/radiokompaniebs, romlebic Tavis eTerSi ucvleli sa-
xiT gadascemen mxolod da mxolod sxva tele/radiokompaniebis prog-
ramebs.
sixSiruli speqtris gamoyenebiT teleradiomauwyeblobis licenzia ga-
icema konkursis safuZvelze. komisia valdebulia, konkursis Catare-
bamde araugvianes ori TviT adre gamoacxados konkursis Catarebisa da
misi ZiriTadi pirobebis Sesaxeb. komisiis sakonkurso gancxadebaSi mi-
TiTebuli unda iyos:
tele/radiomauwyeblobis saxe,
mauwyeblobis geografiuli areali,
mauwyeblobis minimaluri xangrZlivoba,
Tematika,
minimaluri teqnikuri maxasiaTeblebi,
salicenzio gadasaxdelis sawyisi odenoba,
gamarjvebulisaTvis misaniWebeli qulebis raodenoba da a.S.
konkursSi gamarjvebuli SeirCeva Semdegi maxasiaTeblebis mixedviT:
teqnikuri _ licenziis maZiebelTa Soris upiratesoba eniWeba mas,
vinc Tanamedrove teqnologiebs nergavs da iyenebis.
finansuri _ am SemTxvevaSi xdeba samauwyeblo saqmianobis biznes
gegmaTa Sedareba.
mxolod sportuli,
kulturuli da a.S.
magaliTad, telekompa-
nia `me-15 arxi~ Tavis
eTers mTlianad uTmobs
EURONEWS-is telepro-
gramebs.
68/69
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programirebis aspeqti _ am aspeqtis Sefasebisas komisia
iTvaliswinebs, Tu ramdenad Seesabameba licenziis maZieblis
samauwyeblo koncefcia komisiis mier gamocxadebul
prioritetebs.
am aspeqtebis mixedviT licenziis TiToeul maZiebels eniWeba Sesabamisi
qula. mauwyeblobis licenzias ki moipovebs konkursis is monawile, rome-
lic qulaTa maqsimalur raodenobas daagrovebs. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu kon-
kursis ori an meti monawile qulaTa Tanabar odenobas moipovebs, kon-
kursSi gamarjvebulad CaiTvleba is konkursanti, romelic salicenzio
gadasaxadis maqsimalur odenobas gadaixdis. licenziis gacemis Sesaxeb
miRebuli komisiis gadawyvetileba SeiZleba gasaCivrdes sasamarTloSi.
SeiZleba Tu ara masobrivi informaciis
saSualebebis monopolizeba?
ara.
saqarTvelos konstituciis 24-e muxli krZalavs masobrivi informaciis
an misi gavrcelebis saSualebaTa monopolizacias, rogorc saxelmwifos,
aseve calkeuli pirebis mxridan. es akrZalva garkveuli pasuxia saxel-
mwifos mxridan ganxorcielebul im totalur kontrolze, romelsac
komunisturi reJimis dros presis mimarT hqonda adgili. konstituciis
moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, kanoni presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva
saSualebebis Sesaxeb krZalavs masobrivi informaciis saSualebaTa mo-
nopolizebas. kerZod, kanonis me-6 muxli adgens, rom:
`arc erTi damfuZneblis saerTo wili erTi da imave saxis masobrivi
informaciis saSualebebSi ar unda aRematebodes 25 procents“.
magaliTad, erT-erTi
prioriteti SeiZleba
iyos adgilobrivi pro-
duqciis xvedriTi wili
tele/radio gadacemebSi.
?
unda aRiniSnos, rom aq ar igulisxmeba akrZalva romelime konkretuli
masobrivi informaciis saSualebis 25 procentian wilze. cxadia, nebis-
mier pirs aqvs ufleba, flobdes romelime konkretuli gazeTis, an Jur-
nalis gamomcemeli sawarmos wilis asive procents. aq igulisxmeba ba-
zarze sagazeTo an saJurnalo biznesis erT meoTxedze metis gakontro-
leba. kanonis es akrZalva vrceldeba rogorc fizikur, ise iuridiul
pirebzec.
monopolias krZalavs kavSirgabmulobisa da fostis Sesaxeb kanonic.
aRniSnuli kanonis Tanaxmad, teleradiomauwyeblobis licenzia ar
SeiZleba gaices pirze, romelic konkursSi gamarjvebis SemTxvevaSi
amowurvadi resursis saxeobis saerTo moculobis 50%-is an metis mflo-
beli gaxdeba mocemul teritoriaze. beWduri mediisgan gansxvavebiT,
sadac 25 procentiani akrZalvis wesi moqmedebs, teleradiomauwyeblo-
baSi gansxvavebuli wesia dadgenili.
SeuZlia Tu ara saxelmwifos masobrivi
informaciis saSualebis saqmianobis SeCereba?
zogadi wesis Tanaxmad, mewarmis saqmianobis SeCereba an Sewyveta maSinaa
SesaZlebeli, Tu mocemuli saqmianobisaTvis salicenzio an sanebarTvo
moTxovnebi arsebobs. Tu iuridiuli piri licenziiT an nebarTviT gaT-
valiswinebul moTxovnebs arRvevs, mxolod maSin SeiZleba mewarmis saq-
mianobis SeCerebis an Sewyvetis sakiTxis dayeneba. masobrivi informa-
ciis saSualebis saqmianobis SeCerebis an Sewyvetis SesaZlebloba mxo-
lod mauwyebelTa mimarTebaSi unda moqmedebdes, radganac mxolod maT
sWirdebaT licenzireba TavianT saqmianobaSi. am zogadi wesis miuxeda-
vad, presisa da masobrivi informaciis saSualebaTa Sesaxeb kanoni mediis
saqmianobis SeCerebisa da Sewyvetis damoukidebel safuZvlebs adgens.
masobrivi informaciis saSualebis SeCereba gulisxmobs beWdviTi gamo-
magaliTad, Jurnali
„Tbiliselebi“.
?
70/71
vtlbflf rfyjyb
cemis erTi an ramdenime nomris akrZalvas, agreTve gankargulebas tele-
radiomauwyeblobis droebiTi Sewyvetis Sesaxeb. SeCerebis maqsimaluri
vada erTi Tvea.
„presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebis Sesaxeb“ kanonis
Sesabamisad, Tu masobrivi informaciis saSualeba avrcelebs kanonsawi-
naaRmdego informacias, SeiZleba dadges misi saqmianobis SeCerebis an
Sewyvetis sakiTxi. kerZod, kanonis me-12 muxli adgens:
`masobrivi informaciis saSualebis saqmianoba SeiZleba SeCerdes
an Sewydes, Tu ganmeorebiT dairRva kanoni, riTac xeli ewyoba
danaSauls, safrTxe eqmneba saxelmwifo uSiSroebis, teritoriuli
mTlianobis an sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofas“.
licenziis SeCerebisas teleradiokompanias ekrZaleba mauwyebloba mo-
cemul periodSi. teleradiomauwyeblobis saSualebas licenzia SeuCer-
deba, Tu igi:
ar asrulebs licenziis pirobebs;
licenziis gacemidan erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi ar axorcielebs
praqtikul saqmianobas, rac imas niSnavs, rom licenziis miRebis
Semdeg erTi weli samauwyeblo kompania eTerSi ar gadis. imis
gaTvaliswinebiT, rom sixSire bunebrivad SezRuduli
resursia, misi gamouyenebloba ar SeiZleba;
arRvevs saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebsa da qarTuli
kanonmdeblobis moTxovnebs; sxvagvarad xelyofs adamianis
uflebebs, Tavisuflebebs an kanonier interesebs; safrTxes
uqmnis adamianis sicocxlesa da janmrTelobas. pirs, romelic
magaliTad, mauwyeb-
lobis Tematika, minima-
luri xangrZlivoba,
geografiuli dafarvis
zona an momsaxurebis
xarisxi ar Seesabameba
licenziiT gaTvaliswi-
nebul moTxovnebs.
saarCevno kodeqsi, kav-
Sirgabmulobisa da fos-
tis, saavtoro da momij-
nave uflebebis, mavne
zegavlenisagan arasrul-
wlovanTa dacvis, rekla-
mis, saxelmwifo saidum-
loebis Sesaxeb.
miiCnevs, rom teleradiokompaniis saqmianobiT Seilaxa misi
uflebebi, ufleba aqvs, mimarTos komisias konkretuli tele/
radiokompaniisaTvis licenziis SeCerebis moTxovniT.
licenziis SeCerebis vada araumetes sami Tvea. anu es vada gacilebiT
metia, vidre „presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebis Sesa-
xeb“ kanoniT dadgenili erTTviani monakveTi. xarvezis adreul etapze
aRmofxvris SemTxvevaSi, komisia uflebas miscems mauwyebels, xarvezis
aRmofxvrisTanave gaagrZelos mauwyebloba.
presisa da masobrivi informaciis saSualebaTa Sesaxeb kanonis Sesabami-
sad, gadawyvetilebas masobrivi informaciis saSualebis SeCerebis Sesa-
xeb iRebs maregistrirebeli organo anu sasamarTlo. Tumca, samauwyeblo
licenziis SeCerebis Taobaze gadawyvetilebas iRebs saqarTvelos komu-
nikaciebis erovnuli komisia. es Seusabamoba kidev erTxel adasturebs
„presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebis Sesaxeb“ kanonis
arqaulobas.
SeuZlia Tu ara saxelmwifos masobrivi
informaciis saSualebis daxurva?
diax.
rogorc „presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebis Sesaxeb“
kanonis zemoT moyvanili me-12 muxli cxadyofs, aseTi zomis miReba SesaZ-
lebelia.
masobrivi informaciis saSualebis akrZalvis uflebamosileba mxolod
sasamarTlos gaaCnia, Tumca kanoni ar gansazRvravs, Tu vis aqvs ufleba,
mimarTos sasamarTlos masobrivi informaciis saSualebis akrZalvis
?
72/73
vtlbflf rfyjyb
moTxovniT. rodesac saubaria teritoriuli mTlianobis an sazogado-
ebrivi usafrTxoebisaTvis safrTxis Seqmnaze, cxadia, amgvar sakiTxebze
mosarCled kerZo piri ver gamova. meores mxriv, arc erT saxelmwifo
organos ara aqvs masobrivi informaciis saSualebis akrZalvis moTxov-
niT sasamarTlosadmi mimarTvis uflebamosileba. Sesabamisad, sadaoa,
rogor SeZleben oficialuri uwyebebi am sakiTxebze sasamarTloSi sar-
Celis aRZvras.
masobrivi informaciis saSualebebis saqmianobis SeCereba an akrZalva
SesaZlebeli unda iyos or SemTxvevaSi:
I. akrZalva an SeCereba dasaSvebi unda iyos saSiSi samarTaldarRvevis
Cadenisas. amgvari SesaZleblobis Sesaxeb Cven ukve zemoT visaubreT.
I I . masobrivi informaciis saSualebaTa akrZalva an saqmianobis SeCereba
unda moxdes mewarmeTa Sesaxeb kanonis safuZvelze da am mizniT sxva
raime damatebiTi moTxovna unda gamoiricxos, radganac media-
saSualebebi Cveulebriv sawarmos warmoadgenen da Sesabamisad, maTi
daxurva mewarmeTa Sesaxeb kanoniT dadgenili proceduriT unda
moxdes.
vfiqrobT, meore midgoma gacilebiT gamarTlebulia, radganac yovel
konkretul samarTaldarRvevas konkretuli sanqcia unda mohyves. ar
SeiZleba zogadad informaciis Tavisufali gavrcelebis uflebis akr-
Zalva. miT ufro, rom mediasaSualebis daxurviT miznis miRweva SeuZle-
belia, radgan erTi saSualebis daxurva srulebiTac ar gamoricxavs Se-
saZleblobas, pirma axali media saSualeba daafuZnos da gaagrZelos Ta-
visi moRvaweoba. praqtikulad, beWdviTi mediis saqmianobis SeCereba an
Sewyveta araefeqtur nabijs warmoadgens. Sesabamisad, Cven miuReblad
migvaCnia presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebaTa Sesaxeb
kanonSi iseTi debulebebis arseboba, romlebic masobrivi informaciis
saSualebaTa SeCerebasa Tu Sewyvetas iTvaliswineben. SesaZloa, moxdes
aRniSnuli debulebebis borotad gamoyeneba, rac Tavisufali mediis
SezRudvaSi gamoixateba.
beWdviTi mediisgan gansxvavebiT, gamarTlebulia is debulebebi, rom-
lebic samauwyeblo licenziebis SeCereba-gauqmebis sakiTxebs areguli-
reben. tele/radiomauwyebelTaTvis dadgenilia saqmianobis Sewyvetis
damatebiTi moTxovnebi. rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, TavianTi saqmianobis
ganxorcielebisaTvis maT tele/radiomauwyeblobis licenzia esaWiro-
ebaT. swored licenziis pirobebis Seusrulebloba SeiZleba gaxdes li-
cenziis gauqmebis safuZveli, rac gaTvaliswinebulia kavSirgabmulobisa
da fostis Sesaxeb kanoniT.
Tu teleradiokompania komisiis mier dadgenil vadaSi ar aRmofxvris
miTiTebul xarvezs, maSin komisia iRebs gadawyvetilebas licenziis
gauqmebis Sesaxeb, es ki tele/radiomauwyeblobis saqmianobis Sewyvetas
niSnavs. licenzia aseve uqmdeba, licenziis moqmedebis vadis gasvlis,
telekompaniis likvidaciis, an Tavad telekompaniis moTxovnis SemTxve-
vaSi.
samauwyeblo licenziebi
gaicema 10 wlis vadiT
74/75
vtlbflf rfyjyb
vin CaiTvleba
Jurnalistad?
`presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebis Sesa-
xeb~ kanonis 21-e muxlis Sesabamisad,
`Jurnalisti aris piri, romelic agrovebs, qmnis,
aredaqtirebs an amzadebs masalebs masobrivi
informaciis saSualebebSi gamosaqveyneblad da
aqvs saTanado rwmuneba an aris JurnalistTa
registrirebuli kavSiris wevri.~
kanonis es norma sakmaod moZvelebulia, radganac sakanonm-
deblo doneze am cnebis ganmartebis aucilebloba ar arse-
bobs. nebismier pirs aqvs ufleba, Tavisuflad Seagrovos
da gaavrcelos informacia, agreTve eweodes Jurnalistur
saqmianobas yovelgvari nebarTvis, licenziis anda Jurna-
listuri kavSiris wevrobis gareSe. amitomac, kanonis am nor-
mam dakarga Tavisi mniSvneloba. kanonis rudimentulobas
adasturebs am muxlis meore winadadebac:
?Tavi VII.Tavi VII.Tavi VII.Tavi VII.Tavi VII. Jurnalistis statusiJurnalistis statusiJurnalistis statusiJurnalistis statusiJurnalistis statusi
Jurnalisti Tavis saqmianobaSi xelmZRvanelobs JurnalistTa
saerTaSoriso federaciis mier Camoyalibebuli principebiT.~
aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelos parlamentis mier pirveli mosmeniT miRe-
bul kanonproeqtSi Jurnalistis cneba ganmartebuli ar aris.
ra uflebebi
gaaCnia Jurnalists?
Jurnalists ufleba aqvs, Seagrovos informacia nebismieri formiT. mas
SeuZlia ganaxorcielos audio, video an fotogadaReba. teqnikuri saSu-
alebis gamoyeneba SeiZleba aikrZalos mxolod kanoniT zustad gansaz-
Rvrul SemTxvevebSi da wesiT.
`presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebis Sesaxeb~ kanonis
mixedviT:
`Jurnalists ufleba aqvs Tavisi movaleobis Sesrulebisas Sevides
nebismier dawesebulebasa da organizaciaSi, Sexvdes Tanamdebobis
pirebs.“
garkveulwilad moZvelebulia kanonis es normac. aravin daobs, rom Jur-
nalists ufleba aqvs, Sevides saxelmwifo dawesebulebebSi, magram gark-
veuli SezRudvebi, romlebic dakavSirebulia usafrTxoebasTan an sa-
xelmwifo saidumloebis dacvasTan, am SemTxvevaSic moqmedebs. meore
mxriv, gasaTvaliswinebelia kerZo sakuTrebas mikuTvnebul teritori-
aze unebarTvo Sesvlis akrZalvis konstituciuri moTxovna. Sesabamisad,
radganac sazogadoebriv organizaciebs kerZo samarTlis iuridiul pir-
Ta statusi gaaCniaT, am dawesebulebebSi Sesvla maTi nebarTvis gareSe
ar SeiZleba.
?
magaliTad, `saerTo
sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb~
organuli kanonis 12-e
muxlis me-4 punqtis
Sesabamisad: `sasamarT-
lo sxdomaze kino da
foto gadaRebis, audio
da videoCaweris akrZalva
daiSveba mxolod sasa-
marTlos motivirebuli
gadawyvetilebiT.~
76/77
vtlbflf rfyjyb
zedmetia saubari kanonis iseT absurdul normaze, romelic stiqiuri
ubedurebis zonebSi Jurnalistis daubrkoleblad Casvlasa da iq mim-
dinare procesebis gaSuqebas iTvaliswinebs.
Jurnalists aseve aqvs ufleba, moiTxovos avtorobis saidumlos Senaxva.
mas SeuZlia informacia fsevdonimis gamoyenebiT an Tavisi saxelis mi-
TiTebis gareSe gaavrcelos. Tumca, sakuTari vinaobis miTiTebis gareSe
gavrcelebuli informacia ar aTavisuflebs Jurnalists pasuxismgeb-
lobisagan, Tu gavrcelebuli cnobebi araswori aRmoCndeba, laxavs sxva
piris pativs, Rirsebas an saqmian reputacias, an sulac sisxlis samarT-
lis danaSauls ganekuTvneba. Tu informacia gamoqveynda masobrivi in-
formaciis saSualebiT, romelsac ar surs avtoris vinaobis gamJRavneba,
maSin informaciis gavrcelebisaTvis samoqalaqo pasuxismgebloba Ta-
vad sainformacio saSualebas daekisreba.
ra upiratesobas aniWebs
Jurnalists akreditacia?
masobrivi informaciis saSualebebs ufleba aqvT, Jurnalisti winaswar
miavlinon saxelmwifo organoebsa da sazogadoebriv organizaciebSi.
isini valdebulni arian, uzrunvelyon Jurnalisti samuSao pirobebiT.
kanonis Tanaxmad, sagangebo situaciebSi saqarTvelos prezidents SeuZ-
lia droebiT SezRudos Jurnalistis es uflebebi. albaT, kanonis es de-
bulebac mniSvnelovan koreqtirebas saWiroebs. upirvelesad, araswo-
ria sazogadoebrivi organizaciebis davaldebuleba. meorec, gaurkve-
velia, ra igulisxmeba samuSao pirobebis SeqmnaSi. cxadia, saxelmwifo
uwyeba valdebulia, xeli ar SeuSalos Jurnalists Tavisi profesiuli
movaleobis SesrulebaSi, magram es sulac ar avaldebulebs romelime
uwyebas, Jurnalists samuSao pirobebi Seuqmnas.
?
`presisa da masobrivi informaciis saSualebebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos
kanoni~ iTvaliswinebs masobrivi informaciis warmomadgenelTa saxel-
mwifo dawesebulebebSi, sazogadoebriv da politikur organizaciebSi
akreditaciis SesaZleblobas. am kanonis xarvezianobas da yavlgasulo-
bas am muxlis Sinaarsic adasturebs. kanoniT ar aris gansazRvruli, Tu
ra moTxovnebi arsebobs akreditaciisaTvis, SesaZlebelia Tu ara akre-
ditaciis gauqmeba da ra gansakuTrebul upiratesobas aniWebs Jurna-
lists akreditacia? kanonis es norma akreditirebul Jurnalists ani-
Webs Sesabamis dawesebulebaSi sxdomebze daswrebisa da informaciis gac-
nobis uflebas. Tumca, es ufleba, administraciuli kodeqsis safuZ-
velze, yovelgvari akreditaciis gareSe, nebismier moqalaqes isedac ga-
aCnia. rac Seexeba sazogadoebriv organizaciebs, gaugebaria, ratom unda
iyos valdebuli, dauSvaT, arasamTavrobo organizacia, moaxdinos masTan
muSaobis msurveli Jurnalistis akreditacia. es norma aSkarad moZve-
lebulia.
gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania akreditacia saarCevno procesis dros,
rodesac kenWisyris dRes kenWisyris SenobaSi gareSe piris yofna akrZa-
lulia. swored amitom, saarCevno kodeqsis Tanaxmad, arCevnebis dRes
saarCevno ubnebSi yofnisa da saarCevno procesze dakvirvebis ufleba
mxolod akreditirebul Jurnalistebs aqvT. akreditaciis misaRebad,
masobrivi informaciis saSualebam kenWisyramde araugvianes 10 dRiT
adre, werilobiT unda mimarTos saolqo saarCevno komisiis Tavmjdomares
an centraluri saarCevno komisiis Tavmjdomares . komisiis Tavmjdo-
marem sam dReSi unda miiRos gadawyvetileba akreditaciis Sesaxeb, xo-
lo gadawyvetilebis miRebidan ori dRis ganmavlobaSi masobrivi infor-
maciis saSualebis warmomadgenlebze unda gasces saTanado mowmobebi.
kanoni am SemTxvevaSi erTaderT SezRudvas iTvaliswinebs: erTsa da imave
masobrivi informaciis saSualebas ufleba aqvs, erT saarCevno ubanze
hyavdes ara umetes 3 warmomadgenlisa.
Tu mediasaSualebas
mxolod erTi saarCevno
olqis teritoriaze
arsebul ubnebSi surs
daswreba.
Tu masobrivi
informaciis saSualeba
erTze meti saarCevno
olqis teritoriaze
arsebul ubnebSi
apirebs daswrebas.
78/79
vtlbflf rfyjyb
aqvs Tu ara Jurnalists ufleba,
ar gaamxilos informaciis wyaro?
wyaros konfidencialuroba niSnavs Jurnalistis uflebas, ar daasaxelos im piris vinaoba, vinc
mas informacia miawoda. wyaros konfidencialuroba Jurnalistis saqmianobis mniSvnelovani ga-
rantiaa. sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis sxvadasxva sferos Sesaxeb informaciis Segrovebisas, buneb-
rivia, Jurnalisti eyrdnoba sxvadasva wyaros, romelTagan garkveul nawils ar surs, gaamJRavnos
sakuTari vinaoba. zogjer es aris sazogadoebisaTvis mniSvnelovani informaciis miRebis erTa-
derTi SesaZlebloba. aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac informaciis wyaro ama Tu im saxelmwifo organos,
an Tundac mniSvnelovani institutis warmomadgenelia, romlis qmedebas _ gaTqvas esa Tu is in-
formacia _ sxvadasxva motivi udevs safuZvlad.
anonimur wyaroze dayrdnobiT informaciis miReba gansakuTrebiT efeqturia Jurnalisturi
gamoZiebis dros. es ufleba gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas iZens Cvens qveyanaSi, sadac administra-
ciul organoTa totaluri Zaladobis pirobebSi, anonimurobisa da xelSeuxeblobis garantiis
gareSe Zalze Znelad Tu daTanxmdeba piri, gasces informacia.
presisa da masobrivi informacis sxva saSualebebis Sesaxeb kanonis 24-e muxlis Tanaxmad, Jur-
nalisti valdebulia, daicvas informaciis mimwodebel pirTa konfidencialoba. Tu informaciis
wyaros anonimurobis dacva Jurnalistis valdebulebaa, maSin, bunebrivia, veravin daavaldebu-
lebs mas, gaamJRavnos es informacia.
saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi wyaros konfidencialobis princips mxolod
nawilobriv aRiarebs. kodeqsis 95-e muxlis me-2 punqtis mixedviT:
`sasamarTlos ufleba aqvs mowmis movaleobisagan gaaTavisuflos Jurnalistebi, Tu maT
ikisres valdebuleba, ar gaamJRavnon miRebuli informaciis wyaro da publikaciis avtoris
saxeli an gamoqveynebuli masalis Sinaarsi.~
gamodis, rom informaciis wyaros dacvis uflebas Jurnalists sasamarTlo aniWebs. faqtobrivad,
am uflebis mosapoveblad, Jurnalistma Sesabamisi SuamdgomlobiT unda mimarTos sasamarTlos,
?
winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi is valdebuli iqneba, Cveneba misces procesis mwarmoebel organos. kano-
ni ar miuTiTebs, Tu ra kriteriumebis safuZvelze unda mieniWos an ar mieniWos Jurnalists
wyaros gasaidumloebis privilegia. es ki imas niSnavs, rom am SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlos Zalian
farTo diskreciuli uflebamosilebebi aqvs miniWebuli. sakmaod bundovania isic, Tu rogor
unda amtkicos Jurnalistma, aqvs Tu ara mas nakisri informaciis wyaros konfidencialurad
Senaxvis valdebuleba.
radganac sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi „presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSu-
alebebis Sesaxeb“ kanonze gacilebiT gvian aris miRebuli, sakanonmdeblo koliziis dros swored
mas eniWeba upiratesi iuridiuli Zala. samwuxarod, amiT mniSvnelovani problema eqmneba „presisa
da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebis Sesaxeb“ kanoniT ganmtkicebul wyaros konfidenci-
alobis uflebis srulyofil gamoyenebas.
isjeba Tu ara
Jurnlistis saqmianobaSi Careva?
Jurnalisti Tavis saqmianobaSi Tavisufalia. aravis aqvs ufleba, Caerios Jurnalistis saqmiano-
baSi, aiZulos is gamoaqveynos raime informacia an uari Tqvas informaciis gamoqveynebaze. Jurna-
listuri saqmianobis Tavisufleba imdenad mniSvnelovania, rom misi darRveva sisxlissamarT-
lebriv danaSauls iwvevs. „presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebis Sesaxeb“ kanonis
26-e muxlis Tanaxmad:
`saxelmwifo organoebis, Tanamdebobis pirebis, nebismieri sazogadoebrivi Tu politikuri
organizaciebis mier Jurnalistis an redaqciis kanonieri profesiuli saqmianobis dabrkoleba,
JurnalistTa da redaqtorTa iZuleba, Secvalon an uari Tqvan informaciis gavrcelebaze,
isjeba Sromis anazRaurebis ocdaaT minimalur odenobamde jarimiT, Zaldatanebis
ganmeorebiT mcdelobis SemTxvevaSi _ Sromis anazRaurebis 70 minimaluri odenobidan
145 minimalur odenobamde jarimiT an erT wlamde Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT.“
es aris erTaderTi SemTxveva, rodesac sisxlissamarTlebrivi sanqcia mocemulia ara sisxlis
?
80/81
vtlbflf rfyjyb
samarTlis kodeqsSi, aramed sxva kanonSi, rac TavisTavad sisxlis samar-
Tlis kodeqsis principebs ewinaaRmdegeba. analogiur debulebebs iTva-
liswinebs sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 154-e muxli, romlis mixedviTac:
`JurnalistisaTvis profesiul saqmianobaSi ukanonod xelis SeSla,
ese igi misi iZuleba, gaavrcelos informacia an Tavi Seikavos misi
gavrcelebisagan, _
isjeba jarimiT an sazogadoebrivad sasargeblo SromiT vadiT
as ocidan as ormoc saaTamde anda gamasworebeli samuSaoTi vadiT
or wlamde.
igive qmedeba, Cadenili Zaladobis muqariT an samsaxurebrivi
mdgomareobis gamoyenebiT,_
isjeba jarimiT an tusaRobiT vadiT or Tvemde anda Tavisuflebis
aRkveTiT vadiT or wlamde, Tanamdebobis dakavebis an saqmianobis
uflebis CamorTmeviT vadiT sam wlamde an uamisod.“
Jurnalistis profesiuli saqmianobisaTvis xelis SeSla SeiZleba orgva-
rad gamoixatos:
Jurnalistis iZuleba, gamoaqveynos raime informacia;
Jurnalistis iZuleba, Tavi Seikavos iseTi informaciis
gamoqveynebisagan, romelic xelmyofi piris interesebSi
ar aris.
iZuleba gamoxatuli Zaladobis muqaraSi an am mizniT samsaxurebrivi
mdgomareobis gamoyeneba, iTvleba damamZimebel garemoebad da gacile-
biT mZime sasjels iTvaliswinebs.
Tumca, gansxvavebuli
sanqciebiT
ra valdebulebebi gaaCnia Jurnalists/masobrivi
informaciis saSualebas?
uflebebTan erTad Jurnalists garkveuli valdebulebebi gaaCnia.
saxeldobr, igi valdebulia, Seamowmos mis mier mopovebuli informaciis
utyuaroba, daicvas kanoni da pativi sces moqalaqeTa da organizaciaTa
konstituciur uflebebs, daakmayofilos informaciis mimwodebel
pirTa Txovna, maTi avtorobis argamJRavnebis an, piriqiT, miTiTebis Se-
saxeb, Tu aseTi informacia pirvelad qveyndeba. Jurnalisti valdebulia,
survilis SemTxvevaSi, miuTiTos informaciis wyaros vinaoba.
amave dros garkveul moTxovnebs perioduli presis gamocemebic unda
akmayofilebdnen. „presisa da masobrivi informaciis sxva saSualebebis
Sesaxeb“ kanonis me-15 muxli gansazRvravs im savaldebulo monacemebs,
romelTac es gamocemebi unda Seicavdnen:
gamocemis saxelwodeba;
damfuZneblis, gamomcemlis da redaqtoris vinaoba;
gamoSvebis rigiTi nomeri da TariRi;
redaqciisa da stambis misamarTi;
fasi da tiraJi;
indeqsi.
gaugebaria kanonis is moTxovnac, romelic avaldebulebs yvela periodul
gamocemas, ufaso sakontrolo egzemplarebi gadascen saqarTvelos
prezidentis pressamsaxurs, saqarTvelos parlaments, centralur bibli-
oTekebsa da sacavebs.
kanoni aseve avaldebulebs tele/radiomauwyeblobis redaqciebs, gada-
cemis eTerSi gasvlidan erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi, Seinaxon masalis Cana-
werebi . SesaZloa, tele/radio eTeriT gadaices sinamdvilis Seusabamo
informacia, romelic laxavs piris pativs, Rirsebas an saqmian repu-
?
magaliTad, gazeTi „droni“
teqsti, firi
82/83
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tacias. imisaTvis, rom dadgindes aseTi informaciis eTerSi gasvlis faqti, aucilebelia eTerSi
gasuli informaciis dacva, rac saSualebas iZleva, zustad gairkves, ra saxis informacia gavida
eTerSi. erTi Tvis gasvlis Semdeg tele/radio kompanias aqvs ufleba, gaanadguros es masala.
tele/radiomauwyebeli valdebulia, daicvas saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebi da qarTuli kanon-
mdebloba; kviraSi erTxel gamoaqveynos momdevno kviris samauwyeblo bade, daicvas licenziiT
gansazRvruli pirobebi.
ra saxis SezRudvebia dawesebuli
reklamis ganTavsebaze?
reklama masobrivi informaciis saSualebebisTvis Semosav-
lis mniSvnelovan wyaros warmoadgens. damoukideblobisa da
miukerZoeblobis Sansi mxolod im gamomcemels/mauwyebels
aqvs, romelsac sareklamo SemosavlebiT arseboba SeuZlia.
Sesabamisad, reklamis sferoSi raime SezRudvis arseboba
uSualod masobrivi informaciis saSualebebze aisaxeba da
zegavlenas axdens sityvis Tavisuflebaze.
reklamis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanoni krZalavs arasaTa-
nado reklamis gavrcelebas. arasaTanado reklama gulisx-
mobs arakeTilsindisier, araeTikur, arasarwmuno, aSkarad
yalb reklamas. akrZalulia iseTi reklamis gavrceleba, ro-
melic Seicavs konkurenti sawarmos saqonelTan an momsaxu-
rebasTan arakoreqtul Sedarebas; axdens sxva pirebis disk-
reditacias, SecdomaSi Sehyavs momxmarebeli an Seuracxmyo-
feli sityvebis da Sedarebebis gamoyenebiT arRvevs sayo-
velTao zneobis normebs.
?
Tavi VIII.Tavi VIII.Tavi VIII.Tavi VIII.Tavi VIII. reklamis ganTavsebareklamis ganTavsebareklamis ganTavsebareklamis ganTavsebareklamis ganTavseba
masobrivi informaciismasobrivi informaciismasobrivi informaciismasobrivi informaciismasobrivi informaciis
saSualebebSisaSualebebSisaSualebebSisaSualebebSisaSualebebSi
84/85
vtlbflf rfyjyb
ar SeiZleba iseTi saqonlis reklamireba, romlis warmoeba da realizacia
akrZalulia saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT an saWiroebs specialur
nebarTvas an licenzias, magram aseTi nebarTva an licenzia miRebuli
ara aqvs.
akrZalulia reklamaSi fizikuri piris gamosaxulebis an saxelis gamo-
yeneba, Tavad am piris nebarTvis gareSe.
reklama ar unda ubiZgebdes moqalaqeebs Zaladobis, agresiis an qaosi-
saken; ar unda mouwodebdes maT saSiSi qmedebebisaken, romelTac SeuZ-
liaT ziani miayenon adamianis janmrTelobas an daemuqron mis usafr-
Txoebas.
Tu mediasaSualebebSi erTdroulad xdeba momxmareblis yuradRebis ga-
maxvileba saqonlis niSanze, mis mwarmoebelze an gamyidvelze, mauwyebeli
valdebulia, winaswar miuTiTos, rom mayurebels/msmenels/mkiTxvels
saqme reklamasTan aqvs. sareklamo tixari ar unda ganTavsdes sabavSvo
an religiur gadacemebSi, prezidentis gamosvlis, parlamentis plena-
ruli sxdomebis, oficialuri da saxelmwifo RonisZiebebis translaciis
dros, agreTve im gadacemebSi, romelTa xangrZlivoba 15 wuTze naklebia.
kanoni aseve uSvebs gadacemis msvlelobis dros reklamis gaSvebis
SesaZleblobas. reklamis am formaTa Soris yvelaze gavrcelebulia e.w.
`moZravi striqoni~. aseT SemTxvevaSi kanoni moiTxovs, rom dafarvis
saxis reklamirebisas, maT Soris moZravi striqonis gamoyenebis dros,
reklamis zoma ar aRematebodes kadris farTis 7 procents.
kanoni aseve aregulirebs reklamis gaSvebis sixSires erTi gadacemis
ganmavlobaSi. kanonis es SezRudvebi sakmaod dausabuTebelia, Tumca
amisda miuxedavad, es SezRudvebi arsebobs.
magaliTad, radiaqti-
uli nivTierebebi
magaliTad, im lata-
reis reklama, romelsac
licenzia ar gaaCnia
magaliTad, kanoni
moiTxovs, rom 15-dan
30 wuTamde gadacemebSi
dasaSvebia ara umetes
erTi sareklamo tixari-
sa; 30-dan 45 wuTamde ga-
dacemebSi _ ara umetes
orisa; xolo 45 wuTidan
erT saaTamde gadacemeb-
Si _ ara umetes samisa;
saganmanaTleblo gada-
cemebSi sareklamo tixa-
ri dasaSvebia ara umetes
15 wuTSi erTxel da ara
umetes 45 wamiT.
vin axorcielebs saxelmwifo kontrols
reklamis sferoSi?
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo antimonopoliuri samsaxuri.
antimonopoliur samsaxurs ufleba aqvs, gaugzavnos damrRvevs miweri-
loba, reklamis kanonis normaTa darRvevis Sewyvetis moTxovniT. anti-
monopoliuri samsaxuri axorcielebs gamafrTxilebel RonisZiebebs da
aRkveTs arasaTanado reklamas. igi uflebamosilia, reklamis damrRvevs
daakisros administraciuli saxdeli. antimonopoliuri samsaxuri uf-
lebamosilia, mosTxovos reklamis kanonmdeblobis damrRvevs kontr-
reklamis gavrceleba.
antimonopoliuri samsaxuri uflebamosilia, mimarTos Sesabamiss samar-
Taldamcav organos sisxlis samarTlis saqmis aRZvris moTxovniT.
ra valdebulebebi gaaCnia reklamis
damkveTs/mwarmoebels/gamavrcelebels?
reklamis damkveTi/mwarmoebeli/gamavrcelebeli valdebulia, Seinaxos
sareklamo masalebi an maTi aslebi, aRniSnul masalebSi SemdgomSi Seta-
nili yvela cvlilebis CaTvliT. Senaxvis vada reklamis ukanasknelad
gavrcelebis dRidan aiTvleba da 2 Tves gastans. Tu am periodis ganmav-
lobaSi sareklamo masala sadao gaxda, saWiroa misi Senaxva davis gadawy-
vetamde.
kanoni reklamis damkveTs/mwarmoebels/gamavrcelebels avaldebulebs,
iTanamSromlos am sferos makontrolebel organosTan _ antimonopo-
liur samsaxurTan da warudginos mas is informacia, rac kontrolis
gansaxorcielebladaa aucilebeli . aqve unda aRvniSnoT, rom am SemTx-
?
?
axsna-ganmartebebi,
sabuTebi, sareklamo
masalebi da a.S
86/87
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vevebze vrceldeba samewarmeo saqmianobis kontrolis Sesaxeb kanonis
moTxovnebi, romlis mixedviTac, mewarmis (maT Soris, masobrivi infor-
maciis saSualebis) Sesamowmeblad aucilebelia mosamarTlis nebarTva-
brZaneba. Tu makontrolebeli organo am brZanebas ar warmoadgens,
masobrivi informaciis saSualebas ufleba aqvs, uari ganacxados Sesa-
bamisi informaciis wardgenaze.
vin agebs pasuxs `reklamis Sesaxeb~ kanonis
normaTa darRvevisaTvis?
reklamis damkveTi, reklamis mwarmoebeli da reklamis gamavrcelebeli.
maT Soris pasuxismgebloba gamijnulia.
reklamis damkveTi pasuxs agebs reklamis Sesaqmnelad wardgenili in-
formaciis Sinaarsze, Tu ar damtkicda, rom es darRveva reklamis mwar-
moeblis an gamavrceleblis mizeziT moxda.
reklamis mwarmoebeli pasuxs agebs reklamis warmoebaze, gaformebasa
da momzadebaze.
reklamis gamavrcelebeli masobrivi informaciis saSualeba pasuxs
agebs kanonmdeblobis darRvevaze im nawilSi, rac Seexeba reklamis gav-
rcelebis dros, adgils an saSualebebs.
ra pasuxismgeblobas iTvaliswinebs
kanoni `reklamis Sesaxeb~?
Tu piri CaTvlis, rom gavrcelebuli arasaTanado reklamiT Seilaxa misi
pativi, Rirseba an saqmiani reputacia, mas ufleba aqvs, sarCeliT mimar-
?
?
Tos sasamarTlos da moiTxovos gavrcelebuli arasaTanado reklamis
uaryofa da miyenebuli zianis kompensacia.
reklamis gamavrcelebels SeiZleba daekisros administraciuli saxde-
li kanonmdeblobis darRvevisaTvis. kerZod, kodeqsis 159-e muxlis Sesa-
bamisad, reklamis gavrcelebisaTvis dadgenili wesebis darRveva gamo-
iwvevs fizikuri piris dajarimebas 250-dan 500 laramde, xolo iuridi-
uli pirisa _ 500-dan 1500 laramde. arasaTanado reklamis ganTavseba
gamoiwvevs fizikuri piris dajarimebas reklamis sruli Rirebulebis
oTxmagi odenobiT, xolo iuridiuli pirisa _ reklamis sruli Rirebu-
lebis Svidmagi odenobiT. fizikuri da iuridiuli pirebi valdebulni
arian, Seasrulon reklamis darRvevis aRkveTis Taobaze saxelmwifo an-
timonopoliuri samsaxuris miweriloba. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, admi-
nistraciuli samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 1592 muxlis Sesabamisad, fi-
zikuri pirebi dajarimdebian samasidan eqvsas laramde, xolo iuridiuli
pirebi _ aTasidan sami aTas laramde.
pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebasTan erTad, damrRvevi valdebulia, aRkve-
Tos kanonmdeblobis darRveva . antimonopoliuri samsaxuris gadawyve-
tilebiT, mas aseve SeiZleba daekisros kontrreklamis ganTavseba. Tu
reklamis damkveTi/mwarmoebeli/gamavrcelebeli aRiarebs kanonmdeblo-
bis darRvevis faqts, mas SeiZleba gavrcelebuli arasaTanado reklamis
uaryofa an kontrreklamis gavrceleba daevalos. kontrreklama unda
ganTavsdes antimonopoliuri samsaxuris mier dadgenil vadaSi. kontr-
reklamis xarjebi mTlianad damrRvevs ekisreba. SeTanxmebis darRvevis
SemTxvevaSi, samsaxurs ufleba aqvs, miiRos gadawyvetileba damrRvevis
reklamis srulad an nawilobriv SeCerebis Taobaze.
gavrceleba
magaliTad, Sewyvitos
arasaTanado reklamis
gavrceleba
88/89
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informaciis gavrceleba SeiZleba SeizRudos saavtoro da
momijnave uflebebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis safuZ-
velzec. am SezRudvebis mizania, daicvas saavtoro qonebrivi
da piradi araqonebrivi uflebebi, romlebic warmoiSoba
mecnierebis, literaturis da xelovnebis nawarmoebTa Seqm-
nisa da gamoyenebis dros; agreTve momijnave ufleba, dakav-
Sirebuli SemsrulebelTan, fonogramis, videogramis da
mauwyeblobis organizaciebTan. aseTi SezRudvebis daweseba
sxva pirTa uflebebis dacviTaa gamarTlebuli, radganac
aseT dros saqme gvaqvs ara marto informaciis gavrcelebis
uflebasTan, aramed sxva pirTa sakuTrebasTan da maT qo-
nebriv uflebebTan. aseTi uflebebis dacva aucilebelia
kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli wesiTa da moculobiT da maTi
darRveva informaciis gavrcelebis sajaro interesiT ver
gamarTldeba.
am mimoxilvaSi Cvens amocanas ar Seadgens inteleqtualuri
samarTlis sakiTxebis detaluri Seswavla da gaanalizeba.
qvemoT Cven Zalian mokled warmogidgenT im umTavress sa-
kiTxebs, romelTa gaTvaliswineba moeTxoveba informaciis
gamavrcelebels sxva pirTa saavtoro da momijnave ufle-
Tavi IX.Tavi IX.Tavi IX.Tavi IX.Tavi IX. saavtoro da momijnavesaavtoro da momijnavesaavtoro da momijnavesaavtoro da momijnavesaavtoro da momijnave
uflebebiuflebebiuflebebiuflebebiuflebebi
bebTan dakavSirebuli nawarmoebis, fonogramis, videogramis an gadace-
mis reproduqciisas.
vin CaiTvleba
nawarmoebis avtorad?
zogadi wesis Sesabamisad, piri, romelic saTanado wesiT aRniSnulia,
rogorc nawarmoebis originalis an aslis avtori, iTvleba nawarmoebis
avtorad, Tu ar arsebobs sawinaaRmdego dasabuTeba. es wesi vrceldeba
aseve nawarmoebis fsevdonimiT gamoqveynebis drosac, Tu avtori am
fsevdonimiT sayovelTaod cnobilia. am wess avtorobis prezumfcia
ewodeba. nawarmoebs SeiZleba hyavdes rogorc erTi avtori, aseve ramo-
denime Tanaavtori.
saavtoro ufleba nawarmoebis Seqmnis momentidanve warmoiSoba. saav-
toro uflebis warmoSobisa da piris avtorad miCnevisaTvis aucilebeli
ar aris nawarmoebis registracia, specialuri gaformeba an sxva forma-
lobebis dacva. amave dros, saavtoro uflebis mflobels SeuZlia, nawar-
moebi registraciaSi gaataros inteleqtualuri sakuTrebis erovnuli
centris `saqpatentis~ reestrSi. registraciis Sedegad, registrants
miecema specialuri serTifikati. kidev erTxel aRvniSnav, rom saavtoro
uflebis warmoSobisaTvis aseTi registracia aucilebeli ar aris, miT
umetes, Tu imasac gaviTvaliswinebT, rom registracia TavisTavad ar
warmoSobs avtorobis prezumfcias.
audiovizualuri nawarmoebis avtorebad iTvlebian damdgmeli reJisori,
scenaris avtori, dialogebis avtori, teqstiani an uteqsto musikaluri
nawarmoebis avtori, romelic specialurad am audiovizualuri nawar-
moebisaTvis aris Seqmnili.
?
90/91
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saavtoro uflebebi ar vrceldeba oficialur dokumentebze, saxel-
mwifos oficialur simboloebze, agreTve informaciebze faqtebisa da
movlenebis Sesaxeb.
dadgenilia Tu ara saavtoro da
momijnave uflebaTa moqmedebis vadebi?
diax.
saavtoro ufleba nawarmoebis SeqmnisTanave warmoiSoba da moqmedebs
avtoris sicocxleSi da misi gardacvalebidan 70 wlis ganmavlobaSi. saav-
toro ufleba nawarmoebze, romelic fsevdonimiT an anonimurad gamoq-
veynda, moqmedebs 70 wlis ganmavlobaSi misi marTlzomierad gamoqveyne-
bis TariRidan. Tu nawarmoebis avtori am vadaSi Tavis vinaobas gaamxels,
maSin nawarmoebze saavtoro ufleba moqmedebs avtoris gardacvalebidan
70 wlis ganmavlobaSi.
momijnave uflebis moqmedebis vadaa 50 weli, romlis aTvla xdeba pir-
veli Sesrulebis, eTerSi programis pirveli gasvlis anda fonogramis/
videogramis pirveli Caweris momentidan.
ra SezRudvebis dawesebis ufleba aqvs avtors
an saavtoro uflebis mflobels?
nawarmoebis gamoyenebis Taobaze gadawyvetilebas iRebs avtori an saav-
toro uflebis mflobeli. saavtoro da momijnave uflebebis Sesaxeb sa-
qarTvelos kanonis me-18 muxlis Sesabamisad, avtors an nawarmoebis gan-
sakuTrebuli gamoyenebis uflebis mflobels ufleba aqvs:
?
kanonebi, administraci-
ul-samarTlebrivi aq-
tebi da a.S.
droSa, gerbi, himni,
fuladi niSnebi d a.S.
?
`ganaxorcielos, neba darTos an akrZalos:
a) nawarmoebis reproducireba;
b) nawarmoebis originalis an aslebis sazogadoebaSi gavrceleba
gayidvis an gaqiravebis, sakuTrebis an mflobelobis sxva
formiT gadacemis gziT;
g) nawarmoebis egzemplarTa importireba gavrcelebis mizniT, im
egzemplarTa CaTvliT, romlebic damzadebulia avtoris an
saavtoro uflebis sxva mflobelis TanxmobiT;
d) nawarmoebis sajaro Cveneba. es ufleba ar gamoiyeneba Tu
sajaro Cveneba aris samoqalaqo brunvaSi gaSvebuli
nawarmoebis kanonieri Sesyidvis Sedegi;
e) nawarmoebis sajaro Sesruleba;
v) nawarmoebis sajaro gadacema, eTerSi an kabeliT;
z) nawarmoebis Targmna;
T) nawarmoebis gadamuSaveba.~
avtors an saavtoro uflebis sxva mflobels ufleba aqvs, miiRos saav-
toro honorari misi nawarmoebis nebismieri saxiT gamoyenebisaTvis. ka-
noniT fiqsirebuli ar aris honoraris odenoba da misi dadgena xelSek-
rulebis safuZvelze xorcieldeba.
92/93
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SesaZlebelia Tu ara gansakuTrebul SemTxvevebSi
nawarmoebis gamoyeneba avtoris Tanxmobis gareSe?
diax.
kanoniT zustad gansazRvrul gamonakliss SemTxvevebSi. nawarmoebis
gavrcelebasTan dakavSirebiT saavtoro uflebebi absoluturi ar aris.
nawarmoebebis gamoyeneba avtoris nebarTvis gareSe SesaZlebelia kano-
niT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi. avtoris Tanxmobis da misTvis hono-
raris gadaxdis gareSe fizikur pirs SeuZlia, gamoqveynebuli nawarmo-
ebis reproduqcireba piradi sargeblobisaTvis.
saavtoro da momijnave uflebebis Sesaxeb kanonis 23-e muxli aseve
SesaZleblad miiCnevs nawarmoebis gamoyenebas avtoris an saavtoro uf-
lebis sxva mflobelis Tanxmobisa da misTvis saavtoro honoraris gadax-
dis gareSe, im pirobiT, Tu aucileblad iqneba miTiTebuli gamoyenebuli
nawarmoebis avtori da dasesxebis wyaro:
`a) marTlzomierad gamoqveynebuli nawarmoebis an originalidan
an Targmanidan citireba samecniero, kvleviTi, polemikuri,
kritikuli da sainformacio miznebisaTvis, mxolod im
moculobiT, romelic gamarTlebulia citirebis mizniT,
gazeTebidan da Jurnalebidan mokle nawyvetebis beWdviTi
mimoxilvisaTvis reproducirebis CaTvliT;
b) marTlzomierad gamoqveynebuli nawarmoebidan mokle
nawyvetebis gamoyeneba ilustraciis saxiT, gamocemebSi, radio-
da telegadacemebSi, saswavlo xasiaTis fono- da
videoCanawerebSi, mxolod im moculobiT, romelic
gansazRvrulia gansazRvruli mizniT;
g) mimdinare ekonomikur, politikur, socialur d religiur
sakiTxebze periodul gamocemebSi marTlzomierad
?
magaliTad, students
aqvs sakuTari moxmarebi-
saTvis saxelmZRvanelos
aslis gadaRebis ufleba.
gamoqveynebuli statiebis an eTerSi gadacemuli msgavsi
nawarmoebis reproduqcireba Jurnal-gazeTebis meSveobiT an
sajaro gadacema, mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac aseTi
reproducireba an sajaro gadacema specialurad ar aris
akrZaluli avtoris an saavtoro uflebis sxva mflobelis mier.
d) mimdinare movlenebis procesSi danaxuli an mosmenili
nawarmoebis reproducireba an sajaro gadacema mimdinare
movlenaTa mimoxilvaSi mxolod im moculobiT, romelic
gamarTlebulia sainformacio mizniT.
e) sajarod warmoTqmuli politikuri moxsenebis, sityvis,
leqciis, mimarTvis, qadagebis da msgavsi nawarmoebis
reproducireba Jurnal-gazeTebis meSveobiT an sajaro gadacema
mxolod im moculobiT, rac gamarTlebulia sainformacio
mizniT.~
SeiZleba Tu ara saavtoro uflebis
sxva pirisaTvis gadacema?
diax.
saavtoro uflebis arseboba ar niSnavs imas, rom nawarmoebi xelSeuxebe-
lia da misi gamoyeneba saerTod ar SeiZleba. saavtoro uflebebis sxva
pirze gadacema SesaZlebelia rogorc xelSekrulebis safuZvelze, ise
memkvidreobis wesiT.
avtoris gardacvalebis Semdeg saavtoro uflebebi gadadis anderZiT
an kanoniT memkvidreebze. memkvidreobiT ar gadaicema avtorobis, saxe-
lisa da nawarmoebis xelSeuxeblobis uflebebi.
?Tu nawarmoebis avtori
dimitri qemerteliZea,
misi gardacvalebisas
nawarmoebis avtorad
isev dimitri qemerteli-
Ze unda CaiTvalos da
ara misi Svili ivane
qemerteliZe, romelsac
saavtoro uflebebi
memkvidreobiT gadaeca.
94/95
vtlbflf rfyjyb
avtors ufleba aqvs, xelSekrulebis safuZvelze, sicocxleSive gadasces
Tavisi nawarmoebis gamoyenebis ufleba sxva pirs. aseTi xelSekruleba
aucileblad werilobiT unda gaformdes. periodul beWdviT gamocemaSi
nawarmoebis gamoyenebis saavtoro xelSekruleba SeiZleba zepiradac da-
idos. zepirad SeiZleba daidos agreTve nawarmoebis televiziiT an radi-
oTi erTjeradi gadacemis xelSekruleba.
saavtoro xelSekruleba unda iTvaliswinebdes gamosayenebeli nawarmo-
ebis zust aRweras, nawarmoebis gamoqveynebis konkretul saxes, uflebis
gadacemis vadas da teritorias, honoraris odenobis gansazRvris wess
an honoraris odenobas gamoyenebis yoveli saxisaTvis, misi gadaxdis
wessa da vadas, agreTve sxva pirobebs, romlebsac mxareebi arsebiTad
miiCneven.
Tu xelSekrulebaSi ar aris gansazRvruli uflebis gadacemis geogra-
fiuli areali, xelSekrulebiT gadacemuli ufleba moqmedebs mxolod
saqarTvelos teritoriaze.
Tu xelSekrulebiT uflebis gadacemis vada ar aris miTiTebuli, avtors
ufleba aqvs, gaauqmos xelSekruleba misi dadebidan 3 wlis gasvlis Sem-
deg. mosargebles amis Taobaze unda ecnobos xelSekrulebis gauqmebam-
de 6 TviT adre.
kanoni uSvebs xelSekrulebiT gadacemuli uflebebis mosargeblis mier
mesame pirisaTvis gadacemis SesaZleblobasac, rasac xelSekruleba pir-
dapir unda iTvaliswinebdes. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi aseTi gadacema uka-
nonod CaiTvleba.
SeiZleba Tu ara saavtoro uflebis
eqskluziurad erTi pirisaTvis gadacema?
diax.
Zalian bevri mewarme, mauwyebeli Tu beWdviTi presis gamomcemeli dain-
teresebulia, rom esa Tu is nawarmoebi eqskluziuri wesiT gaavrcelos,
finansuri Tu sxva mosazrebebidan gamomdinare. Tu pirs amgvari uflebis
miReba surs, man avtorTan unda gaaformos gansakuTrebul uflebaTa
gadacemis saavtoro xelSekruleba. gansakuTrebuli licenziis arse-
bobisas mxolod licenziants gaaCnia nawarmoebis gamoyenebis da gavr-
celebis ufleba. masve SeuZlia, avtorisagan damoukideblad akrZalos
nawarmoebis xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli wesiT gamoyeneba sxva
pirTa mier. es ufleba gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania, radgan is yvelaze
ukeTesad uzrunvelyofs nawarmoebis gamoyenebis uflebis eqskluzi-
urobas. Tumca, avtorsac aqvs ufleba, aukrZalos sxva pirebs nawarmo-
ebis gamoyeneba, Tu am uflebis dacvas licenzianti ar axorcielebs.
Tu pirebs Soris dadebuli xelSekruleba gansakuTrebul licenzias ar
gulisxmobs, aseTi xelSekruleba Cveulebriv licenziad unda CaiTva-
los, romlis mixedviTac, avtori licenziants nebas rTavs, gamoiyenos
nawarmoebi im pirTa Tanabrad, romlebmac miiRes aseTi nawarmoebis imave
saxiT gamoyenebis ufleba. Cveulebrivi licenziis mflobels ufleba
ara aqvs, aukrZalos sxva pirs nawarmoebis gamoyeneba. aseTi akrZalvis
ufleba mxolod avtors gaaCnia.
ra CaiTvleba
kontrafaqciul egzemplarad?
kontrafaqciulad iTvleba nawarmoebis, fonogramis an videogramis
?
e.w. gansakuTrebuli
licenzia
maT Soris, avtoris
magaliTad, avtors
ufleba aqvs, Cveulebriv
uflebaTa gadacemis
saavtoro xelSekrule-
bis safuZvelze, Tavisi
leqsis gamoqveynebis
ufleba misces rogorc
Jurnal `dilas~, ise
Jurnal `mnaTobs~.
?
96/97
vtlbflf rfyjyb
egzemplari, romelTa damzadeba an gavrceleba iwvevs saavtoro an
momijnave uflebebis darRvevas.
kontrafaqciulad iTvleba agreTve saqarTveloSi daculi im nawarmoebis,
fonogramis an videogramis egzemplarebi, romlebic importirebulia
qveyanaSi saavtoro an momijnave uflebaTa mflobelebis Tanxmobis gare-
Se im saxelmwifodan, sadac isini arasodes yofilan daculi an sadac
maTi dacva Sewyvetilia.
kontrafaqciuli egzemplarebis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi, isini sasamarTlo
gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze usasyidlo CamorTmevas eqvemdebarebian.
kontrafaqciuli egzemplarebi unda ganadgurdes an gadaeces saavtoro
da momijnave uflebebis mflobels.
ra pasuxismgeblobas iTvaliswinebs
saavtoro da momijnave uflebebis darRveva?
saavtoro da momijnave uflebaTa Sesaxeb kanonis 58-e muxlis I punqti
gvauwyebs:
`am kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul saavtoro da momijnave uflebaTa
darRveva iwvevs samoqalaqo, sisxlissamarTlebriv da
administraciul pasuxismgeblobas. saavtoro da momijnave
uflebaTa darRvevisaTvis iuridiuli piri pasuxs agebs
samoqalaqo kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad~.
damrRvevi piris mier samoqalaqo wesiT zianis anazRaureba ar gamoric-
xavs mis Semdgom sisxlis Tu administraciul-samarTlebriv pasuxismgeb-
lobas. administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis Sesaxeb normebs Seicavs
`saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa Sesaxeb kodeq-
magaliTad, musikaluri
maRazia realizacias
ukeTebs kompaqt-disks,
romelic warmoadgens
saavtoro da momijnave
uflebaTa darRveviT
Seqmnil cnobili pop-
varskvlavis alboms.
Tu es ukanaskneli
amas moiTxovs ?
sis~ 1571-e, 1572-e, 1573-e muxlebi. kodeqsis mixedviT, nawarmoebis, fo-
nogramis an videogramis egzemplaris ukanono reproducireba, gayidvis,
gaqiravebis an gamoyenebis mizniT, gamoiwvevs dajarimebas xuTasidan aTas
laramde, reproducirebuli egzemplarebis konfiskaciiT. igive qmedeba
Cadenili im piris mier, romelsac erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi analogiuri
qmedebisaTvis Sefardebuli hqonda administraciuli saxdeli, gamoiw-
vevs dajarimebas aTasidan sami aTas laramde, reproducirebuli egzem-
plarebis konfiskaciiTurT. konfiskebuli reproducirebuli egzemp-
larebi eqvemdebareba ganadgurebas, garda im SemTxvevebisa, roca isini
gadaecema saavtoro an momijnave uflebis mflobels, misive moTxovnis
safuZvelze.
kodeqsi aseve iTvaliswinebs pasuxismgeblobas egzemplarze miTiTebuli
informaciis gayalbebisaTvis. garda aRniSnulisa, dawesebulia aseve pa-
suxismgebloba nawarmoebis, fonogramis an videogramis egzemplarebze
saavtoro uflebis mflobelis mier dasmuli dacvis niSnis Secvlaze an
mis ganadgurebaze.
saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 189-e muxlis Sesabamisad:
`sxvis mecnierul, literaturul an xelovnebis nawarmoebze,
gamogonebaze, sasargeblo modelze, samrewvelo nimuSze an
inteleqtualur-SemoqmedebiTi saqmianobis sxva Sedegze saavtoro
uflebis anda am uflebis momijnave uflebis miTviseba, agreTve
avtoris saavtoro uflebis sxva mflobelis an momijnave uflebis
mflobelis gareSe aseTi nawarmoebis ukanonod gamravleba-
gavrcelebis mizniT, gavrceleba, gankargva, sajarod Sesruleba,
importireba, eqsportireba an sxvagvarad gamoyeneba, _ isjeba
jarimiT an gamasworebeli samuSao vadiT or wlamde.~
98/99
vtlbflf rfyjyb
Cven mimovixileT is ZiriTadi kanonebi, romlebic saqarT-
veloSi mediis saqmianobas aregulireben. Tumca, Tu xeli-
sufleba moindomebs sityvis Tavisuflebis SezRudvas,
SesaZloa iseTi kanonebis ganxilvac mogviwios, rogoricaa
vTqvaT, `kurortebisa da sakurorte adgilebis sanitaruli
dacvis zonebis Sesaxeb~, an Tundac `sarkinigzo kodeqsis~
an kidev raime absurduli normatiuli aqtis. samwuxarod,
praqtika cxadyofs, rom aseT anomaliur situaciebTan ma-
sobrivi informaciis saSualebebs Cvens sinamdvileSic
uxdebaT Sexeba.
ase magaliTad, Cven zemoT aRvniSneT, rom `kavSirgabmulo-
bisa da fostis Sesaxeb~ kanonis Tanaxmad, mauwyeblobis
sferoSi licenziis gacemis an SeCerebis ufleba aqvs mxo-
lod maregulirebel komisias. kanonis 38-e muxlis me-8
punqti imperatiulad gansazRvravs, rom:
`licenziis mflobels licenziiT nebadarTuli
saqmianobis ganxorcielebisaTvis ar esaWiroeba
saxelmwifo, adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis an
mmarTvelobis organoebisagan raime sxva licenzia
Tavi X.Tavi X.Tavi X.Tavi X.Tavi X. dasasrulidasasrulidasasrulidasasrulidasasruli
an nebarTva, garda kanoniT dadgenili licenziebisa
da nebarTvisa.”
amave dros Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis ministrma ga-
mosca brZanebuleba, romelic teqnikuri mowyobilobis mflobelebs
sanitaruli pasportebis aRebas avaldebulebda. pasportebis gacema
sanitaruli zedamxedvelobis inspeqcias daevala. saministros mier sani-
taruli pasportis moTxovna SeiZleba CaiTvalos damatebiT nebarTvad,
radganac, rogorc brZanebidan Cans, aseTi pasportis gareSe mauwyebeli
ver ganaxorcielebs mauwyeblobas. sayovelTaod cnobilia, rom minis-
tris brZanebas ar SeiZleba hqondes kanonze upiratesi Zala.
masobrivi informaciis saSualebebis SezRudvis mizniT, xSirad iyeneben
sagadasaxado kodeqssac. arsebuli sagadasaxado tarifebis pirobebSi,
sityvis Tavisuflebis finansuri berketebiT SezRudvis cduneba yovel-
Tvis iarsebebs. amdenad, gardamaval etapze masobrivi informaciis saSu-
alebebisaTvis dawesebuli sagadasaxado ganakveTebi liberalizacias da
gamartivebas saWiroebs.
gadasaxedia saxelmwifos sabiujeto politika im nawilSic, romelic
zogierTi masobrivi informaciis saSualebis biujetidan pirdapir da-
finansebas iTvaliswinebs. biujetis kanoni ewinaaRmdegeba masobrivi
informaciis saSualebebis Tanasworobis princips, riTac xdeba mediis
sxva saSualebebis araTanaswor pirobebSi Cayeneba. qveyanam uari unda
Tqvas im sabWour tradiciaze, rasac e.w. samTavrobo mediis saSualebaTa
arseboba hqvia da xeli Seuwyos sazogadoebrivi televiziis Camoyali-
bebasa da zogadad masobrivi informaciis saSualebebisTvis Tavisufali
bazris ganviTarebas.
`literaturuli
saqarTvelo~, `droSa~
100/101
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