SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS
What it means:
Two organisms that live together
Temporarily or for a longer time
At least one of the organisms benefits from the relationship
Organism One Organism Two
Mutualism + (Happy)
+ (Happy)
Predation + (Happy)
- (Sad)
Parasitism + (Happy)
-(Sad)
Commensalism + (Happy)
0 (Neutral)
Symbiotic Relationships
Commensalism- one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped
Ex. orchids on a treeEpiphytes: A plant, such as a tropical orchid or a bromeliad, that grows on another plant upon which it depends for mechanical support but not for nutrients. Also called aerophyte, air plant.
Symbiotic Relationships
Parasitism- one species benefits (parasite)
and the other is harmed (host)
Parasite-Host relationship
Symbiotic Relationships
Parasitism- parasite-hostEx. lampreys, leeches, fleas,ticks,tapeworm
Symbiotic Relationships
Mutualism- beneficial to both species
Ex. cleaning birds and
cleaner shrimp
Explain how the cow and chicken exhibit commensalism in this cartoon.
This tiny emperor shrimp is riding along on the back of a sea cucumber (a long worm-like starfish relative) while it crawls along a sandy bottom. The
shrimp gets to travel around under the protection of its much larger partner, and the sea cucumber doesn't seem to
mind.
Emperor Shrimp & Sea Cucumber
commensalism
What symbiotic relationship is this?
Moray Eel & Cleaner Fish
This moray eel has a small fish cleaning between its teeth. The eel gets a clean
mouth while the cleaner fish gets a nice meal.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
mutualism
Loa Loa Worm & Human
This worm infects human the blood stream and gets a nice warm safe home
there. The human may go blind or
have other complications as a result.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
parasitism
Goby and Alpheid Shrimp
What symbiotic relationship is this?
mutualism
This alpheid shrimp (onthe right) uses its strong claws
like a bulldozer to create a burrow in the sand. The shrimp is nearly blind. It relies upon its partner, the sharp-eyed goby, to
warn of danger. When a potential predator approaches, both animals disappear quickly
into the burrow
Hummingbird Moth & Flower
This hummingbird moth is drinking the nectar of a flower. The flower gets pollinated (the moth brings
pollen from other flowers) and the moth gets a tasty meal.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
mutualism
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