SURVEILLANCE CAMERA
Continuous observation of a place , person,
group or ongoing activities in order to
gathering information. This is also known as
CCTV( closed circuit television) camera.
MAIN PURPOSE
A surveillance camera is used in surveillance to
monitor public or private areas that need to be
monitored for security reasons. Modern security
cameras use closed-circuit television (CCTV)
technology, which employs video cameras that
transmit signals to a specific limited set of monitors.
HISTORY
1942 – First CCTV security camera surveillance system installed.
German engineer Walter Bruch was responsible for the design and
installation of the CCTV security camera surveillance system.• 1956 –
First VCR produced by Ampex Corporation team led by Charles
Ginsburg. 19 year old engineer Ray Dolby was also part of the team.
Built for commercial business use.• 1960’s – First digital camera
signals used in cameras over analog by NASA.• 1972 – First VCR for
home use produced by Philips.• 1996 – The first IP camera was
released in 1996 by Axis Communications.• 1998 – First consumer
digital video recorders (DVR) released to the public.
HOW DO SURVEILLANCE CAMERAS WORK?
CCTV camera systems includes one or more
cameras which are used to send video images and
audio data to a monitor. Essentially, these camera
systems use cameras to transmit the signals to a
main hub which then records that data for later
viewing or live viewing if you have full time security
personnel on your premises.
TYPES
Surveillance cameras are being installed
everywhere for purpose of security and crime
prevention and detection. There are many types of
surveillance cameras are available for this purpose.
TYPES OF CCTV SYSTEMS
CCTV Systems are broadly divided into two types.
These are:
• Wired CCTV System
• Wireless CCTV System
WIRED CCTV SYSTEM
Wired CCTV systems connect the camera to the
recording device and monitor with the help of
standard coaxial cables or Unshielded Twisted
Pair(UTP) cables or fiber optic cables. The image
data is usually transmitted over a coaxial cable. The
signal transmitted over these cables is then fed into
a monitor or set of monitors if the image needs to be
visible indifferent locations.
WIRELESS CCTV SYSTEM
Basically, Wireless CCTV systems are similar to
wired CCTV systems. The difference is that a radio
transmitter is attached to the camera. A radio
receiver then attached to the input on the monitor
system or computer. Wireless systems are useful
when the distance between the camera and the
monitor is too far to be practical for a cable run.
USES OF CCTV
CCTV is commonly used for a variety of purposes, including:
• Maintaining perimeter security in medium-to-high-secure areas and installations.
• Observing behavior of incarcerated inmates and potentially dangerous patients
in medical facilities.
• Traffic Monitoring
• Building and ground security.
• Overseeing locations that would be hazardous to a human. for example, highly
radioactive environment.
• Obtaining a visual record of activities where it is necessary to maintain proper
security. for example, in banks, casinos, or airports.
ADVANTAGES
• Deters Crime: The presence of CCTV camera system for surveillance will reduce
petty thefts and vandalism in shops, malls and other public places.
• Helps Maintain Records: The images and videos captured by a CCTV camera
system are often recorded and stored into a database.
• Protects Employees: This is particularly helpful in customer service centers. The
employees providing customer service may sometimes be subjected to verbal abuse
or physical attacks. CCTV camera system helps to identify such instances and act
immediately. It is also helpful to keep a tab on the activities of the employees.
• For Evidence in Lawsuits: In legal cases of thefts and other forms of crime, videos
and images provided by the CCTV camera system can serve as a valid proof and
evidence against the defaulter.
DISADVANTAGES
• Do Not Work Always: CCTV camera system cannot monitor every area of
your office or home at all times. Hence it cannot be considered as a
foolproof method for crime prevention.
• Privacy Concerns: Invasion of privacy is the major issue when it comes
to any security system device like the CCTV camera system. It lowers the
employee morale and hampers productivity at times. Constant monitoring
of every activity might put the workers ill at ease.
• Initial Costs: The initial costs incurred per camera are high. The
installation may also increase the initial expenditure. It depends upon the
complexity of the CCTV camera system as well.
THE FUTURE OF CCTV CAMERAS
The future of CCTV is – IP CCTV. IP CCTV stands
for Internet Protocol – Close Circuit Television. With
IP CCTV the video management has become so
simple. You can store and retrieve both analog and
digitally recorded video footage and access it via an
internet connection anywhere in the world.
Especially with the growth of Cloud Computing, the
IP CCTV has seen a massive boom.
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