*Prepared by
*Mizanur Rahman
*Abdullah all masum
*Irin Sultana
*Salma Nasrin
1st Batch
Dept. of Tourism and Hospitality Management
Faculty of Business Studies
University of Dhaka
Welcome
SundarbanThe mangrove
forest
Overview
Known as virgin forest.
Derived from the name of SUNDARI
tree.
The natural habitat of the world famous Royal Bengal Tiger
Land and water meet in many novel
fashions
Declared as a Reserve Forest in 1875
Wild life presents many a spectacle.
loaded with timber, golpatta (round-leaf), fuel wood, honey, and fishes.
Came under the UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1999.
Location & size
Located in the south western part of
Bangladesh
Lies on the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta.
Merges with the bay of Bengal.
The forest lies under two forest divisions, and four
administrative ranges
Consists of about 200 islands.
Separated by about 400 interconnected tidal
rivers
The Sundarbans was originally measured to be of about 16,700 sq. km.
Bangladesh received about 2/3 part.
Climate
• Classified as tropical moist forest.
• Temperatures vary between 30o and 21oC
• High temperatures occur from mid-March to mid-June
• Low in December and January.
Annual rainfall ranges of 1640-2000 mm.
Most rainfall occurs during the monsoon from May to October.
Humidity varies from 70% at Satkhira to 80% at Patuakhali.
Humidity is highest in June-October and lowest in February.
Biodiversity
Biodiversity
FaunaFlora
Flora
Flora of Sundarban consists of more than
more than 330 plants species. Among them
• True Mangrove species =
26
• Total Species =
84
,
• Sundary, • Baen, • Genwa,Goran,• Garjan, • Kankra, • Hental,• Dhundul
Sundarban is characterized
by…….
Fauna
The Sundarban provides a unique ecosystem and a rich wildlife
habitat.
over 40 mammal species
over 270 bird species
over 45 reptile species
at least 11 amphibian species
over 120 fish species
an unknown number of invertebrates
The fauna……
…
• Tigers, • Leopards,• Rhinoceros, • Wild Buffaloes,• Wild Hogs,• Wild Cats, • Barasinga, • Spotted Deer, • Hog Deer, • Barking Deer,
People and Culture
Number of inhabitants 2.5 million
Depend on sundarban for their livelihood
Celebrate their life through Bengali folk songs dances etc
Pray to their local deity like Bonbibi, Dakshinraj etc
Eco Tourism
Tourist can enjoy…..
Sundarban is a nature's school for the Eco-tourist.
Include shyness and cautious attitude of this magnificent animal,
Grazing spotted deer
Crocodile’s basking in the winter sun
Lizard’s moving like the fabled dragons.
Lodging
few accommodation and transportation facilities……….
A large well equipped rest house at Hiron point
A smaller one at katka Some launches equipped with
catering and sleeping facilities Visitors can stay in Khulna and
Bagerhat
Activities
Bay of Bengal Exploration
Honey Collection (April – June)
Bonbibi Mela (January)
Dubla Rash Purnima Mela
Bird-watching Tours
Fishing with Trained Otters
:
Bay of Bengal exploration
Exploring narrow creeks by silent country boat
Observing wildlife up close
Walking on the beautiful unspoiled sandy beaches along the Bay of Bengal
Honey collection
Visitors can join with the Mowal in their search for precious honey after watching the official opening ceremony.
This can be a true adventure in the field of tiger
Bonbibi Mela
The local people of Sundarban pray for their safety to Bonbibi,
The local deity and once a year they arrange a festive occasion with music, theaters, fairs etc.
Economic Value
Sundarban plays a great role in our
economy.
Source for livelihood of people
Diminish the devastation power
of natural calamities
Source of fuel and raw materials for
industries.
Conservation Management
• Cultivation of land • Damage to vegetation• Hunting • Introduction of
domestic animals • and setting of fires
prohibitions for
conservation management including…….
Management constraints
• Geographical position
• Natural calamity
• Over exploitation of timber resources and fauna
• Illegal hunting and trapping
• Killing and marketing of marine mammals for food
Management challenges
Difficult terrain and poor Infrastructure.
Porous international border.
Extremely poor fringe Population.
Rampant collection of tiger Prawn seedlings.
Water pollution.
Global warming.
Soil erosion.
• Lack of roads.• Acute scarcity of potable
water• No electricity.• Absence of fast moving
boats.• Inadequate number of land
based camps.
Poor infrastructure
Porous International
Border
A common boundary of approx. 20 km with Bangladesh.
Rivers Raimongal and Harinbhanga form boundary with.
Large unmanned stretches of border area.
High population density with low socio economic status
Extremely poor fringe population
Agriculture is the mainstay of the majority of the
population.
Most of the land holdings fall in
small and marginal category.
Low productivity of land and
absence of water for irrigation.
Pollution
Water pollution from large number of vessels plying in
the rivers and channels.
Release of sewage and chemical effluents
upstream
Dumping of wastes especially plastic near river
bank
Mushrooming of numerous tourist lodges
Global warming
Though no concrete studies carried out to this effect
Potential danger in the long run
• Protection• Eco development initiatives• Regulating• Ecotourism• Monitoring
Recommendation
Protection
Establishment of new land based camps
Special patrolling during sensitive periods
Local youth involved in patrolling
Floating camps and check posts
Protection Monitoring Protocol
Development of intelligence network
Raising awareness
Creation awareness by conducting tours of Forest
Protection Committee’s/Eco-development
Committee members and local school children
Celebration of Aranya Saptah, Wildlife week and
World Environment Day
Regulating ecotourism Tourist visit has been rising exponentially
Last year one lakh people visited Sundarban Tiger Reserve
Uncontrolled tourism leading to overcrowding, littering
and an overall poor visitor satisfaction
Meeting with all stakeholders to work out contentious
Thanks
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