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Successful Implementation ofGIS Techniques for
Route Alignment & Surveys ofPower Transmission Projects
of PO!RGRI"
Power Gri# $orporation Of In#ia%t#
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To optimize cost of transmission line
Line length, number of locations, deviations Minimum river crossings Minimum forest areas Accessibility, right of way considerations To assess route constraints and do construction planning
To ensure statutory clearances
Ground clearance Horizontal/ight of way clearance !learances from power lines, railway lines, road crossings etc"
Why Surveying Is Important?
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UHV Transmission LinesUHV Transmission Lines- 765 kV , Requiring Large ROW- 765 kV , Requiring Large ROW
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Long Distance TransmissionLong Distance Transmission
Lines 500 kV HVDLines 500 kV HVD
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Transmission LinesTransmission Lines
t!ru" #gricu$tura$ %ie$&st!ru" #gricu$tura$ %ie$&s
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Transmission Lines in Hi$$' areasTransmission Lines in Hi$$' areas
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ultiple Transmission %inesThrough Same $orri#or
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Transmission Line Ri(er rossingsTransmission Line Ri(er rossings
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Project $onceptuali'ation ( Project)easi*ility Stage#aster and accurate techni$ues re$uired to evaluate various lineroutes
Pre+$onstruction Stageoute alignment, %etailed Mapping of right of way, groundprofiling, finalisation of tower locations with geo technical details%etailed contouring of undulated terrain for estimation of
benching and revetment $uantities
Project $onstruction Stage!hec& 'urvey only
Transmission %ine Surveying
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Large Quantity variations during execution stageavoided
Constraints assessed in advance
Engineering activities can be taken in advance Construction work can be taken up immediately aftercontract award
Reduction in IDC due to reduction in projectexecution timeoffsetting cost of survey using
modern tecni!ues Reduction of even "#$ kms line lengt would offsetcost of surveying using modern tecni!ues
A#vantages of $on#ucting "etaile#
Survey in A#vance
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Detailed Survey Modern TechniquesDetailed Survey Modern Techniques
Route Alignment using latest satelliteRoute Alignment using latest satellite
imageries (PAN + LSS Mergedimageries (PAN + LSS Merged!roducts" su!erim!osed on Survey o#!roducts" su!erim!osed on Survey o#ndia To!ogra!hical Ma!sndia To!ogra!hical Ma!s
Digital terrain modeling in hilly terrainDigital terrain modeling in hilly terrain
using contouring datausing contouring data Detailed Survey using $PS% Total stationsDetailed Survey using $PS% Total stations
or alternatively ALTMor alternatively ALTM Digiti&ed contouring at undulated ' hillyDigiti&ed contouring at undulated ' hilly
toer locationstoer locations denti)cation o# Route constraints%denti)cation o# Route constraints% denti)cation o# in#rastructure detailsdenti)cation o# in#rastructure details
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Detailed Survey ModernDetailed Survey Modern
TechniquesTechniques
Toer s!otting * o!timi&ation o#Toer s!otting * o!timi&ation o#
locations using commercial so#tarelocations using commercial so#tare
lie PLS ,ADDlie PLS ,ADD
-stimation .# /.0-stimation .# /.0
Pre!aration .# Survey re!ortsPre!aration .# Survey re!orts Soil nvestigationSoil nvestigation
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METHODOLOGY
Acuisition o! "emote
Sensing Data
Digiti#ation o! $ase
%etai&s !rom SOI
sheets
'reparation o! (p%ate%
Digiti#e% Maps
Se&ection o!corri%ors)a&ternatives "oute Se&ection "econnaissanceSurvey
G'S)Tota& Station Survey
Digiti#e% 'ro!i&ing
*omputer+ai%e% to,er
spotting
$O- Estimation. "eportsetc/
Geotechnica&Investigations
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Digiti)e& To*os!eetDigiti)e& To*os!eet
Survey o! In%ia Topo Sheet *orrespon%ing Digiti#e% Map
in%icating re&evant in!ormation
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Digiti)e& +ate$$ite mageDigiti)e& +ate$$ite mage
Sate&&ite Imagery
01/2)34 m reso&ution5
*orrespon%ing Digiti#e% Image
in%icating re&evant in!ormation
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+e$ection o% #$ternati(e Routes+e$ection o% #$ternati(e Routes
ee
Line
./isting Line
#$ternati(e
#$ternati(e
1
#$ternati(e2
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om*uteri)e& Route O*timi)ation 3' +tu&'om*uteri)e& Route O*timi)ation 3' +tu&'
o% #$ternati(e Routeso% #$ternati(e Routes
ee
Line
./isting Line
#$ternati(e
#$ternati(e
1
#$ternati(e2
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Digita$ Terrain 4o&e$Digita$ Terrain 4o&e$
*omputeri#e% Three Dimensiona& Image
$ee Line A&ternative+6A&ternative+7
A&ternative+3
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#&(antages o% 4o&ern#&(antages o% 4o&ern
+ur(e' Tec!niques o(er+ur(e' Tec!niques o(er
Tra&itiona$ sur(e' 4et!o&Tra&itiona$ sur(e' 4et!o&
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Topographic Sheet Indicates only Nala
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Satellite Image Indicates
Large waterbody
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Topographic Sheet Indicates only a part
of Canal
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Satellite Image IndicatesAnother Branch of Canal
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Topographic Sheet
Not many details
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Satellite Image IndicatesRecent Infrastructuree!elopments" LandslideAreas
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T i i Li S th h GIS
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Transmission Line Survey through GIS
Change of Ri!erCourse
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Detai$e& +ur(e' on +e$ecte& RouteDetai$e& +ur(e' on +e$ecte& Route
Detailed Survey is done on the selected route
using Total Stations1 Plotting o# Surveyed Route on the To!ogra!hical
Ma!s
Toer S!otting and !ro)ling is done using PLS2
,ADD So#tare1
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L+ #DD +o%tareL+ #DD +o%tare
Poer Line Systems ,om!uter Aided Design and Dra#ting (PLS,ADD" is a so#tare develo!ed 3y Poer line systems nc1 4SA1
The so#tare is used #or Toer S!otting1
The so#tare automatically !rovide SA$,learances1
The so#tare automatically calculates ind *
5eight S!an1 The so#tare !re!ares the 6Plan * Pro)le 7ie8 o#
the T'L line1
Re!ort $eneration1
The overall organi&ation o# the PLS ,ADD so#tare is shon
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L+ #DD +o%tareL+ #DD +o%tare
,+" o#el of,+" o#el of
%ine in $orri#or%ine in $orri#or
92D Terrain92D Terrain
Survey DataSurvey Data
:eature ,odes:eature ,odes
Design ,riteriaDesign ,riteria
LoadsLoads
,learances,learances
StructuresStructures$eometry$eometry
StrengthStrength
,a3les,a3les
All Pro!ertiesAll Pro!erties
Re!ortsRe!orts
Material ListMaterial List
S!eci)cationS!eci)cation
-tc1-tc1
DraingsDraings
Plan * Pro)lePlan * Pro)le
-;!orted to-;!orted to
,AD system,AD system
ArchivingArchiving
LineLine
ManagementManagement
:uture:uture
Modi)cationsModi)cations
,orridor Terrain,orridor Terrain
$round + .3stacles$round + .3stacles
nstallationnstallation
S!ottingS!otting
AutomaticAutomatic
ManualManual
StringingStringing
SaggingSagging
-tc1-tc1
,alculations,alculations
Sag TensionSag Tension
,learances,learances
Struct2StrengthStruct2Strength
SingsSings
-tc1-tc1
%i*raries%i*raries
InputInput ProcessingProcessing OutputOutput
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$an ro%i$e Draing$an ro%i$e Draing
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8e' #&(antages8e' #&(antages
PLS Cadd software used for preparingPLS Cadd software used for preparingPlan & Profile Drawing and ReportPlan & Profile Drawing and ReportGenerationGeneration
Eliminates manual error in ReportEliminates manual error in Reportgeneration.generation.
Empowers Managers to moe ! modif"Empowers Managers to moe ! modif"stru#tures and see t$e effe#t on t$estru#tures and see t$e effe#t on t$e
Line.Line.Reports ! Cal#ulations of modifiedReports ! Cal#ulations of modified
stru#tures #an %e iewed instantl".stru#tures #an %e iewed instantl".
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#ir3orne Laser Terrain 4a**ing9#LT4:
First reflection
(first pulse)
Last reflection
(last pulse)
T!e $aser $ocator insta$$e& on3oar&
recor&s 3ot! returns %rom t!e
(egetation co(er an& o3;ects ont!e groun& 9t!at is t!e %irst *u$se:
an& %rom t!e terrain un&er t!e
(egetation 9t!at is t!e $ast *u$se:
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