In the name of ALLAH, the most beneficent
and the most Merciful…
VOLCANOES
PRESENTED TO:
PRESENTED BY:
Contents…
• What is a volcano?• Inside of a volcano• Kinds of volcanoes• Types of volcanoes• Underwater Volcanoes• Ring of Fire• Volcanologist• Living with volcanoes• Volcanoes in Pakistan• Mud volcanoes
What is a volcano?
A volcano is like a chimney in the Earth’s crust where magma flows out.
The inside of the Earth is very hot, and some of the solid rock melts to form hot, liquid rock called magma.
The hole of the volcano is called vent.
When magma leaves the vent it becomes Lava.
Inside of a volcano
Inner a volcano
Vent
Hard lava
Magma chamber
Magma
Volcanic eruption
• High temperature below the earth surface when exceeds to the extreme limit the magma burst out.
Kinds of Volcanoes
Volcanoes
ActiveVolcanoes
DormantVolcanoes
ExtinctVolcanoes
Kinds of volcano
Scientists put volcanoes into three groups:1. An Active volcano is one that is erupting
or will soon erupt.2. A Dormant volcano is one that has not
erupted for a long time.3. An Extinct volcano is one that has not
erupted for more than 10,000 years.
Contents of volcanic eruption
Contents: gas, dust, water vapour, lava and ash
Gas, dust and water vapour
Vent
Lava
Magma
Magma chamber
Layers of lava and ash
TYPES OF VOLCANOES:
• Composite volcano • Ash-cinder volcano• Shield volcano
Cinder Cone Volcanoes
Cinder Cones are the most common type of volcano. Cinder cones are the smallest type of volcano and are circular or oval shaped.
Example: cinder cone volcano is in Mexico, called the Paricutin. It started growing in 1943, and in just five days, the volcano had grown to 300 feet!
Shield Cone Volcanoes Shield cone volcanoes are huge. They are built
mainly from lava flows. After an eruption the lava flows out of the vents and creates sloping sides. Their shape is similar to a warrior’s shield. When a shield volcano erupts it is not usually explosive.
Example: Mauna Loa is the world’s largest shield cone volcano and also the most active!
Composite Cone Volcanoes
Composite cone volcanoes formed from layers of melted rock. They are steep-sided, and cone shaped. This type of volcano usually erupts in a very explosive way, from the viscous magma. The composite cone is the most deadly type of volcano.
Example: St. Helens is a very famous example of a composite volcano.
Rocks and lava
Volcanoes produce lava and rocks we find
on the Earth’s Surface. Magma forms igneous.rocks. These fragments are called tephra.
Bomb Lapilli
Types of tephra
Ash Dust
Underwater volcanoes
The floor of the ocean is similar to dry land. There are flat plains, mountain ridges in
the ocean floor.There are more volcanoes under the ocean than on the land.
Ring of Fire
VolcanologistsSpecial scientists are called volcanologists. They study volcanoes in different ways. This helps to learn about the volcano’s history
Volcanologist’s suit
Living with volcanoes
The minerals and chemicals in the lava and ash make soil fertile so it’s good for farming.
Volcanoes also produce electricity. This electricity is called geothermal energy and the people use it.
Volcanoes in Pakistan
Pakistan has the world largest mud volcano in Balochistan having altitude 300ft.
Mud volcanoes
The mud volcanoes are the mixture of sand and rocks with wet mud .
THANK YOU…….
ANY QUESTIONS……..!
Top Related