Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Standards and Interoperability
Alan Hopkinson
Middlesex University
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Standards relating to the RFID tag
× Standards which govern the circulation protocols 3M’s SIP2 and NCIP (NISO Circulation Interchange
Protocol (NCIP-Z39.83).
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Benefits of standardisation
• Interoperability• Avoid Reinventing the wheel
-- Good ‘model’ data model-- More data there is on the tag the longer it takes to write to the tag,
and the longer it takes to read the tag
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Middlesex University applications (1)
Circulation at the counterSelf service circulationStock checking with the wandSearching for lost or reserved books (wand)
Use only the identifier
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Middlesex University applications (2)
• Security gate alarm uses the security bit• Circulation sets or resets security bit
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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RFID for Libraries
Brevity on the tag may be important
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Interoperability
Different requirements in different contexts
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Interoperability for UK
• Different library management systems process different RFID • Read 12345X not ABCDE& (for example)• Radio Frequency: 13.86 megahertz• Hold enough data
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Interoperability in Denmark
Used for interlibrary loanCompatibility between borrowing and lending
libraries’ systems
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Interoperability for all systems
• Ability to replace LMS• Ability to replace RFID hardware
BUT keep the same tags
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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‘Media’ use
Check that a set of items is completeBook with accompanying CDBoxed kit
Standard methodology of achieving this required
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Other interoperability issues
• Prevent tags from setting off alarms in wrong environments• Supply chain tagging• Book supplier’s warehouse• Common pads and software
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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All these requirements can only be achieved by standards.
.
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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International Organization for StandardizationCommittee ISO/TC 46/SC 4
Working Group for RFID in LibrariesMoved by Danish Standards
“Danish Model”
× Not an international standard
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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RFID standards mean standardizing processesDeveloping a standard for RFID is taking longer
than had been originally hoped
We would still be in the same position now as four years ago!
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Book Industry Communication (BIC)
• Bind RFID tag into each book
• Include ISBN + Copy number
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Libraries need more than just IDSecurity bit on tag overcomes delays on the network at the security gate
Tags bound into the books might interfere with other tags for other requirements
BUT proposal was rejected by publishers
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Danish StandardsDanish Model includes:
Data ElementsValuesEncodingPhysical Mapping
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Extra requirements
• AFI (application family identifier)• Air Interface (includes frequency)• Fixed length encoding v. using data field identifiers• ISO standard 15962
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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ISO 28560 will be divided into three parts:
General requirements and data elements Encoding based on ISO/IEC 15962 Fixed length encoding
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Application Family Identifier (AFI)
EDItEUR, NISO (US) and Danish Standards applied to the appropriate ISO Committee
AFI value C2 (hexadecimal) “Item is a library item”In security systems it means out for loan
AFI value ”07” In library’s security system not to be taken out
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Privacy and Security
To have NO standard is safest!
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Using standard:• Read the tag• Identify the library• See the name of the borrower ???• Personal data should never be placed on a tag
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Security• Inability to change the data on the tag
(for vandalism or to steal the book)• Encryption to prohibit decoding• Locking so that the data cannot be changed
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Privacy and Security
An RFID for Libraries standard needs to address the issues and refer to other
standards as necessary
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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RFID in libraries needs standards
Pioneers in an emerging technology!
Tuesday 13 November 2007 - The QEII Conference Centre, Westminster, London
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Thank you for your attention!
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