PowerPoint Presentation
Conflict in Spain
(1898-1939)
Vocabulary-Page 196
Unrest: Agitacin
Caciquism: Caciquismo-the rule of local chiefs and bosses
Strikes: Huelga
Election Rigging
Harshly Repressed: Reprimidas
Turbulent: Turbulento
Landscape: Paisaje
Decline of the Spanish dynasty (1898-1917)
Alfonso XIII gained control of Spain in 1902
There was social unrest, and conservatives and liberals wanted to end political corruption and caciquism in the regenerationism movement
The two parties were unstable, and so these reforms were impossible to implement
Jos Canalejas was a liberal who made several reforms like decentralization of the Spanish government
Crisis of 1917
Turbulence in Spain in 1917 led to protest movements due to:
Public was dissatisfied with the government and Eduardo Dato
Poverty of the lower classes
Discontent in the army because of the Rif War
Opposition parties demanded the government's resignation
Military juntas censored the government's politics
CNT and UGT unions wanted a strike
Deteriorating social and political landscape in Spain
Vocabulary-Pages 198 & 199
Faced with: Enfrentarse
Joined together: se unieron
Became: Convirti
Split from: Separar
Hired gunmen: Sicario
Threat: Amenaza
Mounted: Montar
Prompted: Dar pie a
Targeted: Dirigirse
Crisis in the dynasty and the dictatorship
Politicians from different parties joined together to form governments, but they couldn't establish a new system
Unions became more powerful
Laborers and peasants revolted
Trienio Bolchevique (1918-1921): Laborers clashed with police when they organized strikes, occupied land and divided large estates
Pistolerismo: Movement when the government hired gunmen to fight the leaders of the labor movement who organized workers to strike
At The Battle of Annual in the Rif more than 12,000 Spaniards were killedA commission found that the military leaders and monarchy were at fault for these deaths, so there was a coup led by members of the military
Cartoon from a magazine, 1920, Page 198
Primo de Riveras Dictatorship (1923-1931)
In 1923 Captain-General of Catalonia Miguel Primo de Rivera led a military coup and established a military dictatorship
New military dictatorship tried to change many things like:The system by suspending the Constitution and dissolving the Pariament and political parties and unions
Press was censored and intellectuals were targeted
Workers' organizations that supported a revolution became illegal
Nationalists were repressed, and only Spanish could be spoken in public
Spain sent additional troops to end the Rif War and they secured the territory in 1927
The Civil Government
In 1925, a civil government was established
The strong international economy allowed the Spanish government to implement a planned economy
In 1929, the economic crisis began to affect Spain as well
Primo de Rivera resigned in January 1920 due to pressure from an increasingly hostile public
Alfonso XIII then named General Berenguer president, and the government under Berenguer was known as dictablanda
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