SOIL MECHANICS-1SOIL MECHANICS-1
PRESENTATION TOPICPRESENTATION TOPIC
DEEP FOUNDATIONSDEEP FOUNDATIONS
MEMBERSMEMBERS
O8-CE-29O8-CE-29
O8-CE-35O8-CE-35
O8-CE-115O8-CE-115
FOUNDATION FOUNDATION
The lowest artificially built The lowest artificially built part of a structure upon which part of a structure upon which it directly rests is called it directly rests is called foundation foundation
Total load is distributed Total load is distributed uniformly over a large area to uniformly over a large area to bring intensity of loading within bring intensity of loading within the safe bearing capacity of the safe bearing capacity of soilsoil
PURPOSEPURPOSE
Distributes the load at a uniform rate Distributes the load at a uniform rate over the surface to prevent unequal over the surface to prevent unequal settlementsettlement
Prevent the lateral movementPrevent the lateral movement Secure a level and firm bedSecure a level and firm bed Increase the stability of the structureIncrease the stability of the structure
FACTORS FOR SELECTION OF FACTORS FOR SELECTION OF FOUNDATIONFOUNDATION
Types and intensity of loads (live Types and intensity of loads (live load, dead load etc)load, dead load etc)
Nature and bearing of soil on which Nature and bearing of soil on which structure restsstructure rests
DEEP FOUNDATIONDEEP FOUNDATION
The structure which is constructed The structure which is constructed with some artificial arrangements with some artificial arrangements such as piles , wells etc. at their basesuch as piles , wells etc. at their base
TYPESTYPES
Pile foundationsPile foundations
PILE FOUNDATIONPILE FOUNDATION
A foundation A foundation which is which is supported on supported on pilespiles
Piles distribute Piles distribute the load either the load either by friction or by friction or by friction by friction combined with combined with bearing at endbearing at end
APPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS
Used whereUsed where Soil is soft and hard strata is far Soil is soft and hard strata is far
below the groundbelow the ground Shallow foundation is expensiveShallow foundation is expensive High buildings and concentrated High buildings and concentrated
loadsloads Buildings along seashore and river Buildings along seashore and river
bedbed
TYPES OF PILESTYPES OF PILES
1.1. BearingBearing
2.2. FrictionFriction
3.3. Friction and bearingFriction and bearing
4.4. Batter Batter
5.5. GuideGuide
6.6. SheetSheet
BEARING PILESBEARING PILES
Rest on hard strata and act as columns Rest on hard strata and act as columns to bear load of the structureto bear load of the structure
Application:Application:
1.1. To bear vertical loadsTo bear vertical loads
2.2. Where hard stratum is easily Where hard stratum is easily approachable approachable
FRICTION PILESFRICTION PILES
Bear loads on account of Bear loads on account of frictional resistance frictional resistance between their outer between their outer surface and soil in contactsurface and soil in contact
Application:Application:
Soil is soft and hard strata Soil is soft and hard strata unavailable upto unavailable upto considerable depthconsiderable depth
FRICTION & BEARINGFRICTION & BEARING Rest on soft strata Rest on soft strata
and resist load and resist load partly by bearing partly by bearing and partly by frictionand partly by friction
Application:Application: WhereWhere bearing bearing
capacity of soil capacity of soil under piles is not under piles is not sufficient to resist sufficient to resist loadload
BATTER PILESBATTER PILES
Driven at an Driven at an inclination to resist inclination to resist inclined loadsinclined loads
Application:Application:
In retaining walls & In retaining walls & abutments etc to abutments etc to resist lateral resist lateral forcesforces
GUIDE PILESGUIDE PILES
Application:Application: In the formation of In the formation of
coffer damscoffer dams Temporarily Temporarily
constructed for constructed for foundations under foundations under waterwater
SHEET PILESSHEET PILES
Thin sheets driven into Thin sheets driven into the ground to enclose the ground to enclose an areaan area
Application:Application:
Are not required to Are not required to carry loads but to carry loads but to enclose soil and enclose soil and prevent leakage of prevent leakage of soft materialsoft material
METHODS OF CONSTRUCTIONMETHODS OF CONSTRUCTION
Drop hammer Drop hammer methodmethod
Steam hammer Steam hammer method method
METHODS OF CONSTRUCTIONMETHODS OF CONSTRUCTION
BoringBoring
METHODS OF CONSTRUCTIONMETHODS OF CONSTRUCTION
ScrewingScrewing
Water jetWater jet
THANKSTHANKS
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