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Social Cloud: Cloud Computing in Social Networks
Kyle Chard, Simon Caton, Omer Rana and Kris Bubendorfer
Emerging Themes
• Cloud Computing is growing in strength– Many providers e.g. Amazon EC2/S3, Google App
Engine, Microsoft Azure and also many smaller scale open clouds such as Nimbus and Eucalyptus.
• Social Networking is increasingly ubiquitous:– E.g. Facebook has over 400 Million active users.– 50 % of these users log on every day
Current Cloud Scenarios and Problems
• Sharing– Finite capacity vs. fluctuating requirements– Many social peers with different capabilities
• Economy– Small scale consumers have ad hoc requirements– Money grabbing providers and inflexible lock-in
• Trust– always assumed at some level– Anonymity (Market-based/broker allocation)– Many models fall apart when this is removed
Social Networks
• Formed through pre-existing relationships, – i.e. your friends
• Have a pre-existent fabric of trust inherently interwoven into the network– How many of your friends do you not trust?
• Many applications now use social networks as a platform for:– Authentication e.g. Facebook Connect– Application Portals e.g. ASPEN and PolarGrid projects
• There already exist well established application APIs
The Social Cloud Vision
+ +
• An amalgamation of:– Social Networking– Cloud Computing– Volunteer Computing
A Social Cloud allows friends to share capabilities within the context of a Social Network.
Volunteer computing arises as users can share resources for little or no gain, perhaps through reciprocal arrangements.
The leveraging of pre-existing relationships in order to enable mutually beneficial interactions within a cloud context.
Social Cloud Interaction Vision
Social Cloud
Socially – orientated
Market Place
Social Cloud Economy
• Payment (in an economic sense) is optional• Instead we utilise a virtual currency– All collaborations involve a transfer of “credits”– All participants are given an initial amount of
credits– No one can buy additional credits – they must be
earned– Therefore, we can prevent free-riding, and actively
encourage participation
Community Effect
• Susceptible to cheating through fabricated accounts– Social Enforcement: exclusion of anti-social peers
• To encapsulate the nature of an interaction an agreement is used for the domains:– Technical Requirements– Non-functional properties– Temporal Requirements– Economic preferences
• WS-Agreement + EJSDL + DRIVE API + Reservation + Social Cloud Extensions
Social Cloud Proof of Concept
• Simple Storage Service Implemented as a Facebook application
• Use Case: a back up facility
Agreement
Posted Price
Storage
Social Cloud
StorageStorage
MDS
User ID URL Capacity Price
User1 100MB 5User2 500MB 10User3 5GB 7
– Enables interactions based upon active trading/collaborative decisions
– Intuitively facilitates reciprocal collaboration– Current “norm” in industry solutions
Dynamic Auctions
• Auction:– Enables dynamic participant pairing– Sealed bid second price reverse auction
• Could be extended to any other auction mechanism
Evaluation
Research Questions:• Can a Social Cloud Scale?• What are the computational requirements for
an “average” sized Social Cloud?– According to Facebook, the average social network
has 130 participants• Can a Social Cloud function in a timely manner
as a Facebook application?
Posted Price Scalability
• Varying the size of the MDS and number of matches• With a size of 2000, 100 matches can be discovered
in ~ 2 seconds, which is reasonable
Auction Scalability
• 500 Auctions and the worst case scenario: – all auctions run concurrently
• Even with 50 bidders can still complete 65 auctions per minute
• Under our assumptions this is already enough for a large social network
Dissemination of Results
• A social (storage) cloud can be hosted using minimal resources (3 – 4 yr old PC)
• Components show good throughput under realistic loads
• However, scaling to millions of users would require a dedicated HPC or elastic environment– Co-op model members sustain the platform
Conclusions & Future Work
• Social Cloud– Dynamic cloud environment leveraging existing trust
relationships– Proof-of-concept: can be extended for many new
scenarios• Future Work– Computation, licenses and other capabilities– Combinatorial auctions– Generic scientific cloud communities – e.g. myExperiment– Evolution of the economic model
Questions?
Please look at our Prototype Social Cloud Videohttp://www.im.uni-karlsruhe.de/SocialCloudDemo
[email protected] / [email protected] [email protected]@cs.cardiff.ac.uk [email protected]
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