Skeletal SystemPart II
Appendicular Skeleton
______
bones of the limbs and pectoral and pelvic girdles
126
In RED
Hand
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
8
Total 27 bones
5
14
Please Take Long Strides
Here Comes The Teacher
Pisiform
Triquetral
Lunate
Scaphoid
Hamate
Capitate
Trapezoid
Trapezium
1. Pisiform
2. Triquetral
3. Lunate
4. Scaphoid
5. Hamate
6. Capitate
7. Trapezoid
8. Trapezium
phalanges
medial
distal
proximal
Metacarpals
carpals
Foot
7
5
14
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
Total 26
Crunch Crunch Crunch Corn
Needs Thorough Chewing
123
45
6
7
8
9101112
1st cuniform
3rd cuniform2nd cuniform
cuboidnavicular
talus
calcaneous
metatarsals
phalangesdistalmedialproximal
Difference in Male and Female Skeleton
Female inlet larger and more circular
Difference in Male and Female Skeleton
Female pelvis shallower, bones lighter and thinner
Difference in Male and Female Skeleton
Female ileum flares more laterally
Difference in Male and Female Skeleton
Female sacrum shorter, less curved
Difference in Male and Female Skeleton
Ischial spines more rounded because outle larger.
Angle of pubic arch is greater
Joints
Also called articulations
Hold bones together
Give the skeleton mobility
Joints
Classified 2 ways:
Functionally
Structurally
The type of movement
The way the bone is made
Joints
Functionally Structurally
Synarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis
Diarthrosis
Fibrous
Cartlaginous
Synovial
Joints
Functionally Structurally
Synarthrosis
Immovable
Fibrous
Sutures of Skull
Joints
Functionally Structurally
Amphiarthrosis
Slightly movableEnds connected by joints
Cartilaginous
Joints
Functionally Structurally
Diarthrosis
Freely movableHas a joint cavity with synovial fluid
Synovial
Examples of Diarthrosis or Synovial Joints
Plane joint or gliding joint
Movement across
Wrist bones
Examples of Diarthrosis or Synovial Joints
Hinge joint
Movement in one direction only
Elbow, knee
Examples of Diarthrosis or Synovial Joints
Pivot joint
allows rotation around an axis.
The neck and forearms
Examples of Diarthrosis or Synovial Joints
Saddle joint
Movement back and forth and up and down
Thumb
Examples of Diarthrosis or Synovial Joints
Ball and Socket joint
Moves in all directions.
Hip
shoulder
Inflammatory Disorders of the Joints
Bursitis
Inflammation of the bursa
Inflammatory Disorders of the Joints
Arthritis
Inflammation of the joint
Inflammatory Disorders of the Joints
Osteoarthritis
Inflammation of the joint
Most common
Caused by aging
Inflammatory Disorders of the Joints
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Inflammation of the joint.
Chronic
40-50 year old usually
Can occur at any age
3x more in women than men
No known cause
Inflammatory Disorders of the Joints
Gout
Inflammation of the joint
usually in the great toe.
Cause by too much uric acid.
Shaft of long bone?
diaphysis
Review
Groups of tissues make?
organs
Review
Compound fracture?
open
Review
Keystone bone of the cranium?
sphenoid
Review
Keystone bone of the face?
maxilla
Review
largest bone of the face?
mandible
Review
Cheek?
zygomatic
Review
Inferior part of sternum?
Xiphoid process
Large opening (hole) in a bone?
foramen
Review
Soft spots in infant skull?
fontanels
Increase uric acid in the blood can cause a painful condition called?
gout
Review
Bone forming cells?
osteoblasts
Freely movable joint?
Diarthrosis or synovial
Review
Sutures are examples of what type of joint?
Synarthrosis or fibrous
Axial or appendicular?
phanlage
Review
Axial or appendicular?
vertebrae
Forms nasal septum?
vomer
Review
Cause of rickets?
Lack of vitamin D