VTI notat 52A-2005Published 2005
www.vti.se/publications
SCANIA DC12 01 Euro 3 engineEmission measurements for VTI and COST 346
Anders Hedbom
Ulf Hammarström (Editor)
Preface VTI has on commission of VINNOVA and the Swedish Road Administration (SRA) participated in COST 346: ”Emissions and fuel consumption from heavy duty vehicles”. In this commission VTI has engaged AVL MTC Motortestcenter AB. The research efforts at AVL MTC have been executed by Anders Hedbom. This report, VTI notat 52A-2005, constitutes a documentation of exhaust emission measurements for one engine, SCANIA DC12 01 Euro 3. In the COST 346 project AVL MTC has performed exhaust emission measurements on three engines in total.
Project leader at VTI has been Ulf Hammarström. Contact persons: Carl Naumburg at VINNOVA and Håkan Johansson at SRA. Gunilla Sjöberg, VTI, has performed the final revision of this document.
Linköping, December 2005
Ulf Hammarström
VTI notat 52A-2005
VTI notat 52A-2005
Contents Page 1 Engine 1 2 Facilities 7 3 Program 17 4 Results 21 5 Comparison MTC – TUG 39
VTI notat 52A-2005
VTI notat 52A-2005
1 Engine and measuring arrangements
VTI notat 52A-2005 1
2 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SCANIA DC12 ENGINESCANIA DC12 ENGINE
Environmental class Euro 2Injection system Electronic unit injectorsCompression ratio 18:1Max. power 420 hp at 1,700-1,800 r/minMax. torque 1,950 Nm at 1,050-1,450 r/minMin. specific fuel consumption 187 g/kWhRecommended engine speed 1,200-1,550 r/minExhaust brake power 230 kW at 2,300 r/min
Environmental class Euro 3Injection system Electronic unit injectorsCompression ratio 18:1Max. power 420 hp (309 kW) at 1,900 r/minMax. torque 2,000 Nm at 1,100-1,300 r/minMin. specific fuel consumption 191 g/kWhRecommended engine speed 1,200-1,500 r/minExhaust brake power 230 kW at 2,300 r/min
•• 6 INLINE CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE6 INLINE CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE
•• TURBO, AIR/AIR INTERCOOLERTURBO, AIR/AIR INTERCOOLER
•• ELECTRONIC UNIT INJECTORSELECTRONIC UNIT INJECTORS
•• 4 VALVES PER CYLINDER4 VALVES PER CYLINDER
•• 6 CYLINDER HEADS6 CYLINDER HEADS
•• SWEPT VOLUME 11.7 LITRESSWEPT VOLUME 11.7 LITRES
Figure 1
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 2
VTI notat 52A-2005 3
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 3
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 4
4 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 5
VTI notat 52A-2005 5
6 VTI notat 52A-2005
2 Facilities
VTI notat 52A-2005 7
8 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
FlameIonizationAnalyzer
HORIBA
HC Diluted
FlameIonizationAnalyzer
HORIBA
HC Direct
HORIBA
NO Direct
NO x
/ CO
Dilu
ted
HC
Dilu
ted
HC Direct
HORIBA
NOx / CO Direct
NOx/CO/CO2O2Direct
NOx /CO/CO2Diluted
CVSControl Unit
Dilution Air On LineDilution Air Bag Diluted Sample Bag
Eng
ine
Exh
aust
Upper Floor
Blower Unit
DilutionAir System
AVLTransputer
Unregulated Emissions Sampling
AVLTransputer ELIN
MEXA-9400D
HORIBA
Analyzer
Ionization
Chemiluminescent
Direct
MEXA-9400D
HORIBA
Infrared Analyzer
Flame IonizationAnalyzer
ChemiluminescentAnalyzer
Diluted
AVL PUMAEngine Test SystemPUMA 5ISAC 200
Muffler
FuelConditioning
MassFlow
Fuel
AVL 415
Mass FlowSensyflow
CombustionAir
Torque shaft
Insulated 5” exhaust pipe
Magnetopneumatic -detection
BackpressureValve
Flow Controller
Pump dehumid Pump dehumid
TRANSIENT HEAVY DUTYENGINE TEST BED
Heated sample lineSample lineWire
Line SelectorLine 1
Line 2
Eng
ine
Exh
aust
Eng
ine
Exh
aust
ELPI PSSRS 330
AVL 439
Infrared
FlameAnalyzer
Analyzer
AVL 670 Indimaster
V&F MS
Figure 6
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 7
VTI notat 52A-2005 9
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 8
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 9
10 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 10
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 11
VTI notat 52A-2005 11
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 12
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 13
12 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 14
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 15 (Intercooler)
VTI notat 52A-2005 13
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 16
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 17
14 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
Figure 18
VTI notat 52A-2005 15
16 VTI notat 52A-2005
3 Program
VTI notat 52A-2005 17
18 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMEASUREMENT PROGRAMMTC PROGRAMMTC PROGRAM
FULLOAD PERFORMANCEFULLOAD PERFORMANCESTEADY STATE CYCLESSTEADY STATE CYCLES
► ECE R49► ESC► ARTEMIS SS 29 POINTS + 5► ARTEMIS SS 15 POINTS + 2
TRANSIENT CYCLESTRANSIENT CYCLES► ETC► ELR► TNO-REAL WORLD CYCLE► TUG-REAL WORLD CYCLE
ALL CYCLES REPEATED 3 TIMESPROGRAM PERFORMED WITH 2 DIFFERENT DIESEL FUELS
ARTEMIS PROGRAMARTEMIS PROGRAM
FULLOAD PERFORMANCEFULLOAD PERFORMANCESTEADY STATE CYCLESSTEADY STATE CYCLES
► ECE R49► ESC► ARTEMIS SS 29 POINTS► ARTEMIS SS 15 POINTS
TRANSIENT CYCLESTRANSIENT CYCLES► ETC
► ELR► TNO-REAL WORLD CYCLE► TUG-REAL WORLD CYCLE
ARTEMIS PROGRAMARTEMIS PROGRAM
FULLOAD PERFORMANCEFULLOAD PERFORMANCESTEADY STATE CYCLESSTEADY STATE CYCLES
►► ECE R49ECE R49►► ESCESC►► ARTEMIS SS 29 POINTSARTEMIS SS 29 POINTS►► ARTEMIS SS 15 POINTSARTEMIS SS 15 POINTS
MTC PROGRAMMTC PROGRAM
FULLOAD PERFORMANCEFULLOAD PERFORMANCESTEADY STATE CYCLESSTEADY STATE CYCLES
►► ECE R49ECE R49ECE R49►► ESCESC►► ARTEMIS SS 29 POINTS + 5ARTEMIS SS 29 POINTS + 5►► ARTEMIS SS 15 POINTS + 2ARTEMIS SS 15 POINTS + 2
►► ETCETC
►► ELRELR►► TNOTNO--REAL WORLD CYCLEREAL WORLD CYCLE►► TUGTUG--REAL WORLD CYCLEREAL WORLD CYCLE
►► ETCETC►► ELRELRELR►► TNOTNO--REAL WORLD CYCLE REAL WORLD CYCLE (12.5 kW/ton)(12.5 kW/ton)
►► TUGTUGTUG---REAL WORLD CYCLEREAL WORLD CYCLEREAL WORLD CYCLE
ALL CYCLES RUN TWICEPROGRAM PERFORMED WITH 2 DIFFERENT DIESEL FUELS
Figure 19
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
FUEL KEY PARAMETERSFUEL KEY PARAMETERSTUG EC1
Cetan Number - 53,0 52,5Cetan Index - 56,3 52,9Density @ 15°C kg/m³ 836,5 814,7Viscosity @ 40°C cSt 3,259 1,972Calorific Value MJ/kg 42,92 43,17CFPP °C -17 < -35Flash Point °C 90 72Aromatics total %vol 17,2 4,3 Monoaromatics %vol 15,7 4 Diaromatics %vol 1,4 0,3 Polyaromatics, tri and higher %vol 0,11 < 0,02Sulphur content mg/kg 245 3Distillation IBP °C 207,9 189,4 50 % recovered @ °C 276,4 235,0 90 % recovered @ °C 328,6 270,0 95 % recovered @ °C 346,8 282,1 FBP °C 357,3 294,2HFRR µm 335 370
RESULTANALYSIS UNIT
Figure 20 (All test with TUG fuel are singel tests and with EC1, double tests.)
VTI notat 52A-2005 19
20 VTI notat 52A-2005
4 Results
VTI notat 52A-2005 21
22 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
FULLOAD PERFORMANCETUG AND EC1 FUEL
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500
engine speed, rpm
torq
ue, N
m; N
Ox
rate
, g/h
0
40
80
120
160
200
240
280
320
360
400
440
pow
er, k
W; m
g/st
; FSU
torque, Nm NOx rate, g/h power, kW mg/st FSU x100
Based on measurements 5728Q008+5728Q003
TUG FUEL EC1 FUEL
2064 Nm max
1951 Nm max317,2 kW max
299,8 kW max
Figure 21 (mg/st: milligram fuel per engine stroke)
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
FULLOAD PERFORMANCETUG AND EC1 FUEL
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500
engine speed, rpm
torq
ue, N
m; N
Ox
rate
, g/h
0
40
80
120
160
200
240
280
320
360
400
440
pow
er, k
W; m
g/st
; FSU
torque, Nm NOx rate, g/h power, kW mg/st FSU x100
Based on measurements 5728Q008+5728Q003
TUG FUEL EC1 FUEL
Figure 22 Measurements have been performed with two fuel qualities, EC1 and TUG fuel. (Mg/st: milligram fuel per engine stroke. FSU = Filter Smoke Units (smoke density).)
VTI notat 52A-2005 23
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
FULLOAD PERFORMANCETUG FUEL
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500
engine speed, rpm
torq
ue, N
m
0
40
80
120
160
200
240
280
320
360
400
440
pow
er, k
W
Based on measurements 5728Q008
nlo = 50% * Pmax
909 rpm nhi = 70% * Pmax
2275 rpm
SCANIA HOMOLOGATION: nlo = 900 rpm
nhi = 2300 rpm A = 1250 rpmB = 1600 rpmC = 1950 rpm
A B C
CONTROL AREA
ESC CYCLE
Figure 23
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
FULLOAD PERFORMANCETUG FUEL
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500
engine speed, rpm
torq
ue, N
m
0
40
80
120
160
200
240
280
320
360
400
440
pow
er, k
W
Based on measurements 5728Q008+5728R039
nlo = 50% * Pmax
909 rpm
SCANIA HOMOLOGATION: nlo = 900 rpm
nhi = 2300 rpm A = 1250 rpmB = 1600 rpmC = 1950 rpm
A B C
nhi = 70% * Pmax
2275 rpm
nref = 2230 rpm
ETC POINT DISTRIBUTION
Figure 24 Measured ETC points and the ESC control area.
24 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
STEADY STATE CYCLE MEASUREMENT POINTSBASE CASE ENGINE MAN D2866 LF20
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
norm. engine speed, %
pow
er, k
W fulload performance, MAN D2866 LF20, kW ARTEMIS 29 POINTS ESC CYCLE ECE R49 fulload performance, SCANIA DC12 01, kW
Figure 25 The full load performance curve for SCANIA DC1201 compared to MAN D2866 LF20. (This MAN engine has been of importance for definition of the ARTEMIS measuring points.)
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
STEADY STATE CYCLE MEASUREMENT POINTSSCANIA DC12 01
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
norm. engine speed, %
pow
er, k
W
fulload performance, SCANIA DC12 01, kW ARTEMIS 29 POINTS ESC CYCLE ECE R49
Figure 26 ECE R49 measurements at rated engine speed were excluded for this engine since they were close to both ESC and ARTEMIS points.
VTI notat 52A-2005 25
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100SPEED[RPM]
TOR
QU
E [N
m]
-300
0
300
600
900
1200
1500
1800
2100
2400
2700
4 4
4
4
8 8
8
8
12
1212
12
12
12
1620
20
2428
28
3236
36
40
40
4448
52 52
5656
6060
64
8
8582
787469
635956
444137332821
14
11
7
12
753
817
1330 42 695145
1822
17
60
3547
9
21
22
39
53
21
71
36
76
60
51
65
23
19
22
23
28
758
1016
37 51
7169
13
25 3958
82
59
39
74
60
8
49
45
56
29
35
26
58
41
77
63
75
67
SCANIA DC1201HC g/h EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:58:04Anders Hedbom
Series in PC-TRR Files 5728Q004.AAD 5728A007.AAD 5728B005.AAD 5728S131.AAD
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 27
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
G_H
C [g
/h]
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
SPEED [RPM]600800
10001200
14001600
18002000
TORQUE [Nm]0300600900120015001800
SCANIA DC1201HC g/h EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:58:12Anders Hedbom
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 28
26 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100SPEED[RPM]
TOR
QU
E [N
m]
-300
0
300
600
900
1200
1500
1800
2100
2400
2700
00.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.60.7
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
1
11.1 1.21.3
1.4 1.5
1.51.6 1.61.7 1.7
1.71.8
0
0,30,3
0,30,20,2
0,20,20,2
0,20,20,10,10,10,1
0,1
0,1
0,1
0,2
-0,2-0,2-0,2
0,90,8
0,51,1 1,5 2,41,61,5
0,40,4
0,2
0,8
0,40,5
0,1
0,2
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,1
0,3
0,2
0,3
0,2
0,2
0,2
1,0
0,3
0,2
0,1
0,1
-0,2-4,0
1,71,4 1,7
1,00,9
0,1
0,2 0,30,4
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,2
0,2
0,2
0,3
0,3
0,2
0,2
0,4
0,2
0,5
0,3
0,9
0,3
0,5
SCANIA DC1201HC g/kWh EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:58:22Anders Hedbom
Series in PC-TRR Files 5728Q004.AAD 5728A007.AAD 5728B005.AAD 5728S131.AAD
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 29
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SP
_HC
[ g/
kWh]
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
SPEED [RPM]
600800100012001400160018002000
TORQUE [Nm]
0300
600900
12001500
1800
SCANIA DC1201HC g/kWh EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:58:31Anders Hedbom
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 30
VTI notat 52A-2005 27
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100SPEED[RPM]
TOR
QU
E [N
m]
-300
0
300
600
900
1200
1500
1800
2100
2400
2700
50
50
50
100
100
100
100
100
150
200
200
200
250
250
250
250
300
300
300
350
350
350
350
400
400
400400
450
45045
0
500
500
550 600650700 750800850900950
10001050110
011
50115012001250
13001350140014501500 10
97116
11010190
847967
596067210215256
376
358
441
271
311
2537
2085 109 1378481
4845
439
157
83109
1346
225
184
62
87
274
111
81
111
78
66
90
45
52
471
550
249
259
1225
80 77
76143
1131
213 6594
112
74
67
114
80
11
65
79
74
64
65
82
80
104
117
163
110
129
SCANIA DC1201CO g/h EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:57:27Anders Hedbom
Series in PC-TRR Files 5728Q004.AAD 5728A007.AAD 5728B005.AAD 5728S131.AAD
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 31
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
G_C
O [g
/h]
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
SPEED [RPM]
600800
10001200
14001600
18002000
TORQUE [Nm]0
300600
9001200
15001800
SCANIA DC1201CO g/h EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:57:35Anders Hedbom
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 32
28 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100SPEED[RPM]
TOR
QU
E [N
m]
-300
0
300
600
900
1200
1500
1800
2100
2400
2700
0 00
0.5
0.5
0.5
1
1 1 1
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
2 2
2
2.52.5
2.5 2.5
3
3
3
3
3
3
3.5 3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
4 4
4
4
4.5
4.55 5.5 6 6.57
7.588.5
9
9.510
10.5 11
11.5
12
12.51313.514
0,
0,350,40
0,370,340,32
0,280,270,24
0,210,230,260,870,931,21
2,20
2,46
4,14
4,79
-0,05-0,05-0,07
2,631,77
0,823,17 3,85 4,742,592,70
0,990,87
6,03
2,14
0,971,22
13,99
2,17
1,18
0,36
0,49
1,32
0,50
0,34
0,42
0,29
0,23
0,30
1,99
0,89
4,06
3,16
1,08
-0,07-4,06
2,593,02 2,52
1,041,92
11,68
2,05 0,460,62
0,51
0,33
0,26
0,38
0,27
0,25
0,53
0,33
0,50
0,34
1,29
0,27
1,41
0,40
2,24
0,51
0,89
SCANIA DC1201CO g/kWh EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:57:46Anders Hedbom
Series in PC-TRR Files 5728Q004.AAD 5728A007.AAD 5728B005.AAD 5728S131.AAD
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 33
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SP
_CO
[g/k
Wh]
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
SPEED [RPM]
600800100012001400160018002000
TORQUE [Nm]
0300
600900
12001500
1800
SCANIA DC1201CO g/kWh EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:57:54Anders Hedbom
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 34
VTI notat 52A-2005 29
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100SPEED[rpm]
TOR
QU
E [N
m]
-300
0
300
600
900
1200
1500
1800
2100
2400
2700
0
0
2
2
4
4
4
6
6
6
6
6
888
8
8
8
88
10
10
10
12
12
14
14 14
16
16
16
18
18
20
20
20
20
22
22
22
24
2424
26
26
26
28
28
28
30
30
30
32
32
34
34
36
3636
36
38 383838
40 40
40
42
42
42
44
4444
4646
46
48 48
48
48
50
50
52
52
54
54
56
15
13,016,0
14,912,710,0
9,59,36,9
5,75,96,919,818,318,0
30,3
26,0
38,1
4,1
-0,4-0,5-0,6
0,40,8
0,41,5 2,0 7,62,61,9
4,34,3
42,6
10,8
9,410,5
122,0
30,6
20,0
10,3
12,6
17,6
15,9
8,5
17,4
9,0
8,0
12,7
-0,9
6,1
50,2
57,5
21,3
1,61,6
0,60,7
1,7 2,1
4,910,1
115,5
27,1 8,310,4
11,6
6,9
5,4
13,8
7,3
0,1
7,0
8,8
7,4
10,8
7,2
4,3
9,1
5,8
14,4
8,4
10,9
11,1
SCANIA DC1201PM g/h EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:59:15Anders Hedbom
Series in PC-TRR Files 5728Q004.AAD 5728A007.AAD 5728B005.AAD 5728S131.AAD
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
PM measured by TEOM instru ment.
Figure 35
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
G_T
EO
M [g
/h]
-8
0
8
16
24
32
40
48
56
64
72
SPEED [RPM]
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
TORQUE [Nm
]
0
300600
9001200
15001800
SCANIA DC1201PM g/h EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:59:24Anders Hedbom
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
PM measu red b y TEOM instru ment.
Figure 36
30 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100SPEED[RPM]
TOR
QU
E [N
m]
-300
0
300
600
900
1200
1500
1800
2100
2400
2700
0 0
0
0.05
0.05
0.050.05
0.05
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.4 0.40.450.50.550.60.650.70.750
.8
0.85
0.9
0.951
1.051.11.151.21.251.30,
0,050,05
0,050,040,04
0,030,030,02
0,020,020,030,080,080,09
0,18
0,18
0,36
0,07
0,010,020,04
0,040,04
0,010,06 0,07 0,260,080,06
0,090,08
0,59
0,15
0,110,12
1,27
0,29
0,13
0,06
0,07
0,09
0,07
0,04
0,07
0,03
0,03
0,04
-0,04
0,11
0,43
0,33
0,09
-0,05-0,11
0,070,06 0,07
0,070,14
1,19
0,26 0,060,07
0,05
0,03
0,02
0,05
0,02
0,03
0,06
0,03
0,08
0,04
0,07
0,03
0,08
0,05
0,12
0,05
0,08
SCANIA DC1201PM g/kW h EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:59:32Anders Hedbom
Series in PC-TRR Files 5728Q004.AAD 5728A007.AAD 5728B005.AAD 5728S131.AAD
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
PM measured by TEOM instru ment.
Figure 37
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SP
_TE
OM
[g/k
Wh]
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
SPEED [RPM]
600800100012001400160018002000
TORQUE [Nm]
0300
600900
12001500
1800
SCANIA DC1201PM g/kWh EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:59:42Anders Hedbom
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
PM measu red b y TEOM instru ment.
Figure 38
VTI notat 52A-2005 31
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100SPEED[RPM]
TOR
QU
E [N
m]
-300
0
300
600
900
1200
1500
1800
2100
2400
2700
0 0
100
200
300
400
400
500
500 600
600 700
800
900
1000
1100
120
12001200
1300
1300 1300
1400
1500 14
15561160
121011691218
123112621270
125613081282137012841156
866
679
449
628
0-0-0
233248
335180 181 142274280
358417
348
206
314280
381
523
764
723
664
1135
827
1227
1049
1199
1254
1210
214
451
726
998
1296
-059
92240
180 279
506210
384
523 558513
815
905
1307
1246
1293
91
1317
547
886
541
914
246
1280
243
1156
197
780
446
SCANIA DC1201NOx g/h EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:56:44Anders Hedbom
Series in PC-TRR Files 5728Q004.AAD 5728A007.AAD 5728B005.AAD 5728S131.AAD
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 39
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
G_N
OX
[g/h
]
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
SPEED [RPM]600800
10001200
14001600
18002000
TORQUE [Nm]0300600900120015001800
SCANIA DC1201NOx g/h EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:56:55Anders Hedbom
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 40
32 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100SPEED[RPM]
TOR
QU
E [N
m]
-300
0
300
600
900
1200
1500
1800
2100
2400
2700
0 0 00.5 0.5 0.5
1 1.52 2.5
2.5
3
3
3
3.5
3.53.5
3.5
4
4
4
4
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
5
5
5
5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
6
6
6
6.56.5
6.5
7
77.5
7.58
88.5
8.5
9
9
9.510 10.5
1111.51212.51313.514
14.515
15.516
16.517
17.518
18.5
1919.5202
0.521
21.52222.52323.524
5
5,74,0
4,03,94,3
4,24,34,5
4,65,05,05,75,65,5
5,1
4,7
4,2
11,1
-0,00,00,0
24,611,8
13,86,8 6,4 4,98,59,4
7,48,0
4,8
2,8
3,73,1
4,0
5,0
4,9
4,2
3,7
5,5
3,7
5,2
4,0
4,4
4,4
4,0
9,3
7,8
6,3
5,7
5,6
0,0-4,1
25,26,8 9,1
6,92,8
4,0
5,0 3,93,4
3,7
4,0
5,1
4,1
4,3
5,1
3,7
4,0
4,2
4,8
3,9
4,3
3,3
3,9
2,7
3,6
3,1
SCANIA DC1201NOx g/kW h EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:57:07Anders Hedbom
Series in PC-TRR Files 5728Q004.AAD 5728A007.AAD 5728B005.AAD 5728S131.AAD
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 41
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SP
_NO
X [g
/kW
h]
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
SPEED [RPM]
600800
100012001400160018002000
TORQUE [Nm]
0300
600900
12001500
1800
SCANIA DC1201NOx g/kW h EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:57:17Anders Hedbom
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 42
VTI notat 52A-2005 33
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100SPEED[RPM]
TOR
QU
E [N
m]
-300
0
300
600
900
1200
1500
1800
2100
2400
2700
0 0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.0.8
0.85
0.9
0.951
0,8
0,9131,016
1,0341,0201,016
0,9900,9860,924
0,9080,8550,8300,7750,7420,693
0,580
0,508
0,391
0,189
-0,010-0,007-0,009
0,0480,087
0,0890,116 0,134 0,1800,1630,146
0,1600,174
0,257
0,327
0,3070,344
0,361
0,344
0,519
0,564
0,621
0,681
0,774
0,765
0,915
0,897
0,935
1,024
0,095
0,195
0,371
0,572
0,746
-0,0080,040
0,0170,051
0,115 0,146
0,2870,323
0,360
0,346 0,4750,530
0,779
0,751
0,837
1,035
0,986
0,016
0,850
0,506
0,736
0,424
0,626
0,225
0,980
0,280
1,002
0,325
0,756
0,538
SCANIA DC1201FUEL g/min EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:58:41Anders Hedbom
Series in PC-TRR Files 5728Q004.AAD 5728A007.AAD 5728B005.AAD 5728S131.AAD
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 43
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
G_F
UE
L [k
g/m
in]
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
SPEED [RPM]
600800
10001200
14001600
18002000
TORQUE [Nm] 0300600
900120015001800
SCANIA DC1201FUEL g/min EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:58:49Anders Hedbom
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 44
34 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100SPEED[RPM]
TOR
QU
E [N
m]
-300
0
300
600
900
1200
1500
1800
2100
2400
2700
150155 160 165 170 175 180185 190 195
195
195
195195
200
200
200
200
205
205
205
205
210
210
210 210
210
215
215
215
215
220
220
220
225
225
225
230
230
235
235
240
240240
245
245
250
250
255
255
255
260
260
265
265
270 270275
275280
280285 285290
290
295
295
300
300
20
200210
208206214
201200196
197195195192193197
204
210
220
200
141537
304250
220261 283 373302293
197200
212
267
216229
225
199
200
198
207
198
209
195
207
198
198
204
249
201
192
197
194
15-165
322262 287
236261
223
200 201211
211
199
195
205
199
196
205
199
199
196
213
197
227
205
268
208
222
SCANIA DC1201FUEL g/kW h EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:58:58Anders Hedbom
Series in PC-TRR Files 5728Q004.AAD 5728A007.AAD 5728B005.AAD 5728S131.AAD
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 45
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SP
_FU
EL
[g/k
Wh]
160180200
220
240
260280
300
320
340
360
SPEED [RPM]
600800100012001400160018002000
TORQUE [Nm]
0300
600900
1200
1500
1800
SCANIA DC1201FUEL g/kW h EC1 fuel
Dat e 2002-03-12Time 08:59:06Anders Hedbom
Map calculations based on Artem is SS29+5 (A-file), Artem is SS15+2 (B-file), full load (Q-file) and ESC (S-file) m easurem ents .
Tes t id 5728A007.AADTest date 20-DEC-01Tes t tim e 15:22:04Operator: KE.Å/U.S
Figure 46
VTI notat 52A-2005 35
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SCANIA DC12 01 ETC AND TNO CYCLES TUG AND EC1 DIESEL FUEL
0,0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
TUGR039+R040
EC1R035+R036
TUGTNO (C+D+E)
EC1TNO (C+D+E)
AVERAGE OF TWO RUNS
HC
AN
D P
M, g
/kW
h
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
CO
AN
D N
Ox,
g/k
Wh
HC PM TEOM CO NOx
ETC RESULTS TNO CYCLE RESULTS
Figure 47 TUG and EC1, fuel qualities, see figure 20. Rnnn: ETC-test number nnn.
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SCANIA DC12 01 ETC AND TNO CYCLES TUG AND EC1 DIESEL FUEL
0
50
100
150
200
250
TUGR039+R040
EC1R035+R036
TUGTNO (C+D+E)
EC1TNO (C+D+E)
AVERAGE OF TWO RUNS
AVG
. PO
WER
, kW
; FC
, g/k
Wh
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
CO
2, g
/kW
h
avg. power meas.fuel calc.fuel CO2
ETC RESULTS TNO CYCLE RESULTS
Figure 48 TUG and EC1, fuel qualities, see figure 20. Rnnn: ETC-test number nnn.
36 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SCANIA DC12 01 ETC AND TNO CYCLES CHANGE FROM TUG TO EC1 DIESEL FUEL
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
delta %EC1/TUG ETC
delta %EC1/TUG TNO
AVERAGE OF TWO RUNS
EMIS
SIO
N IN
CR
EASE
HC PM TEOM CO NOx
COMPARISON BASED ON EMISSIONS IN g/kWh
ETC RESULTS TNO CYCLE RESULTS
Figure 49
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SCANIA DC12 01 ETC AND TNO CYCLES CHANGE FROM TUG TO EC1 DIESEL FUEL
-10%
-8%
-6%
-4%
-2%
0%
2%
4%
delta %EC1/TUG ETC
delta %EC1/TUG TNO
AVERAGE OF TWO RUNS
INC
REA
SE
avg. power meas.fuel calc.fuel CO2
COMPARISON BASED ON EMISSIONS AND FC IN g/kWh
ETC RESULTS TNO CYCLE RESULTS
Figure 50
VTI notat 52A-2005 37
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SCANIA DC12 01ETC CYCLE TEOM PARTICULATE MEASUREMENT TRACE
-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
600 620 640 660 680 700 720 740 760 780 800
seconds
TOR
QU
E, N
m;
SPEE
D, r
pm; C
O, g
/h
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
PM, g
/h
TORQUE, Nm SPEED, rpm CO, g/h PM, g/h
Figure 51
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
CORRELATION PSS TEOM vs. PSSTRANSIENT CYCLES
y = 0,893x + 0,016R2 = 0,985
0,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
0,00 0,05 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,25 0,30 0,35
PSS g/kWh
TEO
M g
/kW
h
Figure 52
38 VTI notat 52A-2005
5 Comparison MTC – TUG
VTI notat 52A-2005 39
40 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SCANIA DC12 01 ETC AND TNO CYCLES MTC AND TUG RESULTS
0,0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
MTC RESULTS TUG RESULTS MTC RESULTS TUG RESULTS
HC
AN
D P
M, g
/kW
h
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
CO
AN
D N
Ox,
g/k
Wh
HC PM CO NOx
ETC RESULTS TNO CYCLE RESULTS
NOx-limitEURO3 / ETC
PM-limitEURO3 / ETC
Figure 53
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SCANIA DC12 01 ETC AND TNO CYCLES MTC AND TUG RESULTS
0
50
100
150
200
250
MTC RESULTS TUG RESULTS MTC RESULTS TUG RESULTS
AVG
. PO
WER
, kW
; FC
, g/k
Wh
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
CO
2, g
/kW
h
avg. power meas.fuel CO2
ETC RESULTS TNO CYCLE RESULTS
Figure 54
VTI notat 52A-2005 41
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SCANIA DC12 01ETC CYCLE TRACES MTC AND TUG MEASUREMENTS
-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700seconds
torque MTC, Nm speed MTC, rpm intake air MTC, kg/h NOx MTC, g/h torque TUG, Nm speed TUG, rpm intake air TUG, kg/h NOx TUG, g/h
TUG FUEL
Figure 55 The same engine model has been measured both at MTC and TUG. TUG fuel has been used in both measurements.
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SCANIA DC12 01ETC CYCLE TRACES MTC AND TUG MEASUREMENTS
-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700seconds
torque MTC, Nm speed MTC, rpm HC*10 MTC, g/h CO MTC, g/h torque TUG, Nm speed TUG, rpm HC*10 TUG, g/h CO TUG, g/h
TUG FUEL
Figure 56 The same engine model has been measured both at MTC and TUG. TUG fuel has been used in both measurements.
42 VTI notat 52A-2005
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SCANIA DC12 01ETC CYCLE TRACES MTC AND TUG MEASUREMENTS
-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
600 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 680 690 700seconds
torque MTC, Nm speed MTC, rpm intake air MTC, kg/h NOx MTC, g/h torque TUG, Nm speed TUG, rpm intake air TUG, kg/h NOx TUG, g/h
EC1 FUEL
Figure 57 Compare with figure 56 (TUG fuel).
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SCANIA DC12 01 ESC CYCLE MTC AND TUG RESULTS
0,0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
MTC RESULTS TUG RESULTS
HC
AN
D P
M, g
/kW
h
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
CO
AN
D N
Ox,
g/k
Wh
HC PM CO NOX
NOx-limitEURO3 / ESC
PM-limitEURO3 / ESC
Figure 58 Measurements at two laboratories with the same engine model and TUG fuel. Differences between MTC and TUG values are to same extent explained by figure 60.
VTI notat 52A-2005 43
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
SCANIA DC12 01 ESC CYCLE MTC AND TUG RESULTS
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
MTC RESULTS TUG RESULTS
POW
ER, k
W;
FC, g
/kW
h
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
CO
2, g
/kW
h
power meas. fuel CO2
Figure 59
SCANIA DC12 01 EURO3 ENGINE
FULLOAD PERFORMANCETUG AND EC1 FUEL MTC AND TUG MEASUREMENTS
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500
engine speed, rpm
torq
ue, N
m
0
40
80
120
160
200
240
280
320
360
400
440
pow
er, k
W
torque MTC, Nm power MTC, kW ESC POINTS MTC, kW power TUG, kW ESC POINTS TUG, kW
Based on measurements 5728Q008+5728Q003
TUG FUEL EC1 FUEL
Figure 60 (Measurements with the same engine model at MTC (EC1 and TUG fuel) and at TUG (TUG fuel).)
44 VTI notat 52A-2005
VTI är ett oberoende och internationellt framstående forskningsinstitut som arbetar med
forskning och utveckling inom transportsektorn. Vi arbetar med samtliga trafikslag och
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competence is in the fields of safety, economy, environment, traffic and transport analysis,
behaviour and the man-vehicle-transport system interaction, and in road design, operation
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VTI provides services ranging from preliminary studies, highlevel independent investigations
and expert statements to project management, research and development. Our technical
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