STATE TECHNICAL MEETING
February 14, 2013
AGENDA
• Ag Water Quality Plans
• Nutrient Management Plans– Options for producers
KY AGRICULTURE WATER QUALITY ACT
• 10+ acres in agriculture or forestry must develop a water quality plan
• Anyone applying for cost share needs a water quality plan
• Kentucky Soil Erosion and Water Quality Cost Share Program (State cost share)• NRCS Environmental Quality Incentives
Program (EQIP)• GOAP County Ag Investment Program
(CAIP)
www.ca.uky.edu/awqa
• Monitor soil fertility, so that crop needs are met while minimizing the loss of nutrients.
• Provide the crop with the correct amount of nutrients at the optimum time and location possible so they are utilized efficiently.
• Limit the amount of plant nutrients lost to leaching, runoff, volatilization.
Nutrient Management
LIVESTOCK BMP #11/CROPS BMP #14
AWQP MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS
• Comply with NRCS Code 590 (2001) unless required by federal program participation, which requires NRCS Code 590 (2013).
• Manage manure in a manner that prevents degradation of water, soil, air, and that protects public health and safety.
• Sufficient land must be available for a disposal area without overloading soils or exceeding crop requirements.
• Minimize edge-of-field delivery of nutrients where no setbacks are required.
NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT
Who needs what?
• KY NRCS 590-based CNMPs are for:– Those AFOs that produce animal waste.
• They do not necessarily have to land apply it• Example: Some poultry operations produce and export all the litter
– Operations receiving technical assistance and/or cost share from NRCS for nutrient management or require practices to manage animal waste.
*Can be used to obtain a KY Division of Water permit (KNDOP)
• KY NRCS 590-based NMPs are for:– Land application of commercial fertilizers, and other nutrient
sources that are not produced on the farm– Receiving technical assistance and/or cost share from NRCS for
nutrient management or apply inorganic or organic fertilizers and don’t have livestock
Who writes these?• NRCS Technical Service Providers (TSPs) write CNMPs• NRCS employees can write NMPs
BOTTOM LINE• The KY NRCS 590-based CNMP is
very complicated to develop.• As a result, the AWQA has added
another option for developing NMPs – KY producers can still use the NRCS
code 590 (2001) practice standard.–Meanwhile we are working on the
KyNMP document.
NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT
Who needs what?
• KyNMP– Need a nutrient management plan to comply
with the KY Ag Water Quality Act– Need an FSA loan*Can be used to obtain a KY Division of Water permit (KNDOP)
Who could write these?• Producers can write their own, fee-for-service
planners, Conservation District Employees, etc.
PLAN DEVELOPMENT
Nutrient Management
Phosphorus ThresholdSTP Interpretation
< 400Manure applications can be made based on
crop nitrogen requirements
401-600
Phosphorus applications at rates not to exceed the estimated removal of phosphorus
in the harvested plant biomass
601-800
Phosphorus applications at rates not to exceed 1/2 of the estimated removal of
phosphorus in the harvested plant biomass
>800Phosphorus applications are no longer
allowed
KYNMP (2013)
Recent Soil Sample collected within the Last Year
KYNMP RECOMMENDED SETBACKS
Liquid Manure OperationsDry Manure Operations
SETBACK FEATURE(
1)
Barn or
Lagoon
Land Application Distance
Barn and/or
Manure Storage Structur
e (Facilitie
s)
Land Applica
tion Distanc
e
Injection/ Incorporati
onOther
MethodLake, river,
blue-line stream,
conduit to surface
waters, or karst
feature150 feet
35a or 75 feet
50a or 100 feet 150 feet
35a or 75 feet
Water well not owned
by applicant(2
)300 feet
75a or 150 feet
75a or 150 feet 300 feet
50a or 100 feet
(1) Measured from the edge of the barn, lagoon, or land application area to the nearest edge of the setback feature.(2) Existing at the time the first animal feeding operation permit is issued.(a) Utilizing one or more of the following BMPs: Vegetative or forest buffer, cover crops, no-till, contouring, terracing.
NUTRIENT APPLICATION TIMING
SPRING
• BEST time to spread manure–Will lose less N and have the most
nutrients available for plant growth
• Do not apply to cool-season forages in Spring– Could increase N loss and weed
competition
SUMMER
• Greatest risk of N loss through ammonia volatilization
• Warm-season hay• Bermudagrass and Sudangrass
FALL• Cool-season pasture and hay
fields benefit from Fall applications of manure
• Nutrient removal is low – STP testing to avoid going over P
threshold
• Cover crops• Manure should not be applied in
Fall on fields without a cover crop
WINTER• Application opportunities are
limited• Storage capacity should be large
enough to hold until Spring• Manure should not be applied in
Winter on fields without a cover crop
• Do NOT apply to snow covered or frozen fields
SUMMARY• Similar concept as in 590
(2001/2013)– Inventory nutrients available (manures)– Determine crop needs– Distribute nutrients so that crop needs
are met without overloading soils
• Producer can write his/her own plan• Benefit = better understanding of
their operation and nutrient management concepts
• Adaptive management can improve efficiency, production, and economic returns
QUESTIONS?
Phosphorus ThresholdSTP Interpretation
< 400Manure applications can be made based on
crop nitrogen requirements
400-800
Phosphorus applications at rates not to exceed the estimated removal of phosphorus
in the harvested plant biomass
800-1066
Phosphorus applications at rates not to exceed 1/2 of the estimated removal of
phosphorus in the harvested plant biomass
>1066Phosphorus applications are no longer
allowed
OLD 590 (2001)
CountyField
Stream
New Phosphoru
s Index
P Index Estimates Average Annual P Delivery
Tillage
Rotation crops and yields
Manure Applications
P Fertilizer Applications
Downfield Slope to Surface Water
Distance to Surface Water
County
Soil Test P and Organic Matter
Field Slope
Field Slope Length
Soil TypeSoil Type
Contour and filter practices
Kentucky Nitrogen and Phosphorus IndexProposed release date: January, 2013
New P-Index risk score if field is 30 feet from water body
Scenario: Corn silage 22 Tons; Winter wheat 55 Bushels
Dry dairy manure 25 Tons/acre applied , incorporated
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