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Presented by:
Routing and QoS
Jon BergerDC-ISIS Development Manager
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Contents
Credentials
Background
Key Problems
Solutions Summary
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Data Connection Ltd (DCL) Jon Berger
DCL for 10 years
Multiple signaling and routing protocols ISIS development manager
Architect
Standards involvement
Customer interaction
MA from Cambridge DCL
20+ years in portable protocol software
Unicast, multicast, MPLS, ATM and VoIP
Conferencing, messaging, directories
MetaSwitch Very unusual company
Independent since founding (1981)
Consistently profitable
People retention (3% turnover)
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Why expand the scope of TE?
Intra-area TE is very successful
Providers see revenue in
VPNs spanning ASs
End-to-end MPLS Important for
Standards Bodies
Equipment Manufacturers
Carriers
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What is Traffic Engineering?
Optimizing network performance
MPLS-TE uses LSPs to direct trafficthrough a particular network path
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Why is TE useful? QoS guarantees (bandwidth, etc.)
Optimization of network resources
Fast recovery
very fast re-routing around failed paths VPNs (through) LSPs
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TE demands on Routing
Distribution of link characteristics
Constrained route calculation
requirements for each LSP may be different formation of an LSP changes the topology
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Limitations on existing deployments
Single Area only
What about?
Inter-area TE
Inter-AS TE
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What are the difficulties?
Area borders for scalability
Trade off between perfect routing
scalability
AS borders for confidentiality
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Options
Full link state available in all areas
Area by area solutions
Hierarchical Summary
BGP Summary
PCS Summary
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Full link state available in all areas
For Inter-AS routing this is unacceptable
For Inter-area routing this may be OK small networks
guarantees optimal routing
allows setting up of protected paths
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Area by area solutions
These options are all more scalable
May not satisfy constraints at first try
Potentially employ iteration to get there
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Use BGP to provide summary information
A1Carrier
Network
A
B2B1
C2
Carrier
Network
B
C1 CarrierNetwork
C
CarrierNetwork
D
D1 D2
No link state information across boundaries Potentially poor quality routing
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Path Computation Server Used by other nodes to do the route calculation
Discovered dynamically or statically configured Required for some solutions
Useful even if not necessary
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Use PCSs to get across each area/AS
More information is available
Better than BGP
A1CarrierNetwork
A
B2
PCS
B1
C2
Carrier
Network
B
PCS
C1Carrier
Network
C
Carrier
Network
D
PCSD1
D2
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Summary This is important
It will generate SP revenue
It is difficult
Many options are being pursued
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For more information www.dataconnection.com
www.dataconnection.com/products/whitepapers.htm Several internet drafts in this area
draft-ietf-tewg-interarea-mpls-te-req
draft-ietf-tewg-interas-mpls-te-req
draft-ietf-kompella-mpls-multiarea-te
draft-vasseur-ccamp-inter-area-as-te
Also ITU work on optical TE
G.7715
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