Rome and Han China753 B.C.E.-600 C.E
Eliza, Keyasa, Ashley and Jordan
Roman and Han Empires
The Roman Empire included all lands surrounding.
Mediterranean Sea as well as portions of Continental Europe and Middle East.
The Han Empire included the Pacific Ocean to Central Asia.
These were the largest Empires the world had ever.
Still centralized location better than earlier empires.
Neither empire influenced each other.
Roman Empire Land and Resources
Hills and Mountains Apennine Range runs length
like spine separating western and western coastal plains
Etruria was rich in iron and other metals
Hills provided timber and fuel Coastal plains and river valleys
had fertile volcanic soil and sustained a much larger population than was possible in Greece.
Tiber River
Roman Empire Social Economic
Land was a basis of wealth, social status and political privileges.
Women were under jurisdiction of men. First under their father, then her husband and his family.
Plebians: hardworking class (majority of population).
The merging of several hilltop communities to later become Roman Forum. (Civic center 600 B.C.E.).
Roman Forum then
Roman Forum now
Roman Empire Interaction
Traded on the Silk Road with the Chinese
Depended on Egypt and Sicily for grains
Prisoners of war were slaves
Economy depended on trade and slave labor
Roman Empire Politics
Council of Elders: head of wealthy families made up senatorial class
Roman Senate: officials elected annually by free males
Patron/Client RelationshipTribunes: elected by the lower class; had
veto power in patricians (elite, wealthy, landowners)
decisions
Fall of Roman Republic
The Fall of the Republic was more than a single man or event.
It was a culmination of several individual actions or achievements, coupled with social conditions that weighed heavily on Roman society.
Massive and rapid expansion from Rome's foundation created monumental holes in the political and governing ability of the Senate.
Periods of stability were mixed in with those of near collapse.
Beginning with the Punic Wars and Roman conquest outside of Italy, followed by massive importation of slaves, the face of Roman life was changing far more rapidly than the governing body could deal with.
The Roman Principate31 B.C.E. to 330 C.E.
Period after the fall of Roman Republic
Founded by Augustus
Augustus: 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14) is considered the first emperor of the Roman Empire, which he ruled alone from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD
The Roman Principate Social Economic
Equites: class of well-to-do merchants and land owners that become the new core of the Roman Empire
Pax Romana, or Roman Peace, was intended for the spreading of Romanization (spread of Latin language and Roman way of life)
The Roman Principate
Politics Emperors were chosen by
the senate
Technology Aqueducts Architecture Concrete
Religion Worshipped emperors rather
than gods
Third Century Crisis Political and economic
problems with the empire Diocletian imposed radical
changes that helped Roman get out of the crisis.
Rise of Christianity Jesus Although his message was proving popular, the
claim of his disciples that Jesus was the son of God offended many people. What’s more, his ideas were revolutionary and threatened to undermine thousands of years of social tradition.
Aqueduct
The Byzantine Empire
Christian patriarch (Constantine and his mother studded the city with churches)
In 324 B.C.E. Constantine transferred the capital from Rome to Byzantium, which was renamed Constantinople.
The name Byzantine was derived from Constantinople’s original name.
The Byzantine Empire: Split Empire
The Byzantine Empire was the name of the eastern portion of the Roman Empire
Strategic geographical significance between the Black Sea and The Mediterranean Sea
Most of the trade was done between Asia, Europe and North Africa, passed through the empire which made it wealthy.
Diocletian split the Empire into two, creating Eastern and Western
He believed the republic was too large to govern, so it was put under different rulers
Western was Catholic and Eastern was Eastern Orthodox
The split persevered Roman and Greek cultures and also helped interact with the rest of the world
Justinian ruled the Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire: Collapse
The Empire collapsed because of the invasion of the Ottomans
Following a number of civil disputes in the Byzantine Empire, the Ottomans subjugated the Byzantines as vassals in attempts to relieve this vassal status culminated in the Fall of Constantinople.
Imperial China: The Qin Empire221 B.C.E.-206 B.C.E.
In the second half of the third century, the Qin conquered its rivals and created China’s first empire.
The Qin were one of the warring states in China
Well known for the Terracotta Army
The Qin Empire
Shi Huangdi was the founder of the Qin Empire
The Qin were a warring state that conquered its rivals and became China’s first Empire
Ruled in a Legalist way and were determined to eliminate rival centers or authority
Financial exploitation demanded forced labor
When Shi Huangdi died, a series of rebellions broke out, but the dynasty was finally brought down
Abolished slavery
Shi Huangdi
The Qin Empire
Built thousands of miles of roads and canals
Imposed standard weight, measure, money, uniform law, and a common written language
Qin Shi Huang
The Han Empire206 B.C.E. to 220 B.C.E.
Chang’an was China’s first capital city
It was an ancient power from which the Zhou and Qin dynasties emerged from-Western Han Capital
The Han Empire
Gentry: educated men with valued expertise who served as local officials and made the governement more efficient
The father was the authority figure in the household
Common people lived in alleys The Elite had multistory houses, fine silks, horse
drawn carriages and leisure time
The Han Empire
Politics Mandate of Heaven Emperor was the link between family and
ancestors and had many wives Central government run by prime ministers Civil service director Nine ministers taking on military, legal,
economic and religious responsibilities
Religion Emperor had divinity Rituals emphasizing the worship of Heaven
Environment Ring of hills Fertile plain
Technology Military expansion Elegant banquets and entertainment
Interaction Silk was a major export
Top Related