16-Oct-18 CRRI 1
Presented by Dr. Niraj Sharma, Sr. Principal Scientist
CSIR-Central Road Research Institute (CRRI) New Delhi, 110 025
Email: neeraj.crri @ nic.in
“Road Dust and its Control Measures”
(Oct. 9th, 2018)
“Workshop on Dust Control Measures at Construction
Sites to Control Air Pollution”
(Organized by Dept. of Environment, GNCT Delhi)
16-Oct-18 2
• Established in 1952 at Delhi • A Constituent Laboratory of the Council of Scientific
& Industrial Research (CSIR), Govt. Of India (Ministry of Science & Technology)
• An ISO - 9001 Institution • Carries out R& D and Consultancy Services on the
Different Aspects of Roads and Road Related Activities
• Also Organizes Regular Training Programmes for In-Service Highway, Traffic & Transportation Engineers Planners & Consultants
Brief Introduction of the CSIR-CRRI
CRRI
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS, 2009)
Pollutants
Time-Weighted Average
Concentration in Ambient Air Method of Measurement
Industrial, Residential, Rural
and Other Area Areas
Ecologically sensitive Area (notified by Central
Government)
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Annual* 50 g/m3 20 g/m3 - Improved West and Geake Method - Ultraviolet Fluorescence
24 hours** 80 g/m3 80 g/m3
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Annual* 40 g/m3 30 g/m3 -Modified Jacob & Hochheiser (Na-Arsenite) – Chemiluminescence
24 hours** 80 g/m3 80 g/m3
Particulate Matter (size less than 10µm) or PM10
Annual* 60 g/m3 60 g/m3 -Gravimetric -TOEM -Beta attenuation
24 hours** 100 g/m3 100 g/m3
Particulate Matter (size less than 2.5µm) or PM2.5
Annual* 40 g/m3 40 g/m3 -Gravimetric -TOEM -Beta attenuation
24 hours** 60 g/m3 60 g/m3
Ozone (O3) 8 hours** 100 g/m3 100 g/m3 -UV Photometric -Chemilminescence -Chemical Method
1 hours** 180 g/m3 180 g/m3
Lead (Pb) Annual* 0.50 g/m3 0.50 g/m3 -ASS Method after sampling using EPM 2000 or equivalent Filter paper -ED-XRF using Teflon filter 24 hours** 1.0 g/m3 1.0 g/m3
Ammonia (NH3) Annual* 100 g/m3 100 g/m3 -Chemiluminescence -Indophenol Blue Method 24 hours** 400 g/m3 400 g/m3
Carbon Monoxide (CO) 8 hours** 02 mg/m3 02 mg/m3 -Non Dispersive Infra Red (NDIR) Spectroscopy 1 hour** 04 mg/m3 04 mg/m3
Benzene (C6H6)
Annual* 05 g/m3 05 g/m3
-Gas Chromatography based continuous analyzer -Adsorption and Description followed by GC analysis
Benzo(α) Pyrene (BaP)-particulate phase only Annual* 01 ng/m3 01 ng/m3
-Solvent extraction followed by HPLC/GC analysis
Arsenic (As) Annual* 06 ng/m3 06 ng/m3
-AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper
Nickel (Ni) Annual* 20 ng/m3 20 ng/m3
--AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper
Emission Loads from Different Sources in Delhi
Source: CPCB (2008). Air Quality Monitoring, Emission Inventory & Source Apportionment Studies for Delhi. Central Pollution Control Board, Govt. of India.
• Wind Blown Natural Dust (Sometimes Transported from a Longer Distance)
• Road Dust Resuspension (Kerb-side Dust Resuspended due to Vehicle Movement)
• Construction Activities (Road/Building/ Metro Rail Construction/Repair/Demolition and Movement of Construction Material)
• Particles/Dust Generated from Various Sources[Vehicles(Diesel), DG sets, Thermal Power Plant(s) ]
Sources of Dust Pollution In Delhi
• Top Four Contributors of PM10 : Road Dust (56%), Concrete Batching (10%), Industrial Point Sources (10%) and Vehicles (9%)
• PM10 ~143 t/d • Top four contributors of PM2.5 : Road Dust
(38%), Vehicles (20%), Domestic Fuel Burning (12%) and Industrial Point Sources (11%)
• Source: Sharma, M. and Dikshit, O. (2016).Comprehensive Study on
Air Pollution and Green House Gases (GHGs) in Delhi. Submitted to Department of Environment, GNCT Delhi and DPCC , IIT Kanpur
Dust in Delhi - IITK Study (Based on Annual Emissions)
• Various NGT Orders/MoEFCC Notifications • Ban on Biomass Burning in Open • Strengthening Ambient Air Pollution Monitoring Network • Launching of Air Quality Index and Relating it to Graded
Action Plan for Delhi • Installation of on-line Continuous (24x7) Monitoring
Devices by Major Industries • Introduction of Cleaner Alternate Fuels (viz., CNG, LPG,
Ethanol Blending) • Leapfrogging BS-IV to BS-VI Fuel Standards by April 1st,
2020 • Promotion of Public Transport System • Mechanical Sweeping of Roads with Water wash • Carpeting of Shoulders • Green Cover
Measures to Control Dust Pollution in Delhi
Air Quality Network in Delhi • 7- CPCB Stations • 23 DPCC Stations • 9-SAFAR/IMD +2 (1 Gurugram + 1 Noida) •Manual Stations
Under NAAQM Programme = 7
“ The Environment (Protection) Amendment Rules, 2018 ( Jan. 25th, 2018)
“Mandatory Implementation of Dust Mitigation Measures for Construction and Demolition Activities for Projects Requiring EC”(Rule 106)
Includes • EMP with Dust Control Measures at Construction and Soil
Excavation Sites • Paved and Blacktopped Roads Leading to Construction
Sites • Covering of all Loose Soil/C & D Waste/Material • Wind Breakers • Water Sprinkling System • Public Display of Dust Mitigation Measures.
Measures to Control Dust Pollution
“Mandatory Implementation of Dust Mitigation Measures for All Construction and Demolition Activities”( Rule 107)
• Prohibition of Grinding and Cutting of Building Materials in Open
• No Road-Side Storage of Construction Material
• Covered Vehicle for Transportation
• C&D Waste Processing & Disposal Sites
Measures to Control Dust Pollution - Contd.
Construction & Demolition Waste Management Rules (2016) - Notified on 29th March, 2016 by (MoEF&CC)
Guidelines Issued by CPCB
Measures to Control Dust Pollution - Contd.
• Emits Large Quantities of PM, SO2, NOX, CO, CO2 and VOC
• Categorized as Hazardous Industry (Orange Category)
• Operation of Hot Mix Plants (HMPs) have been Banned in Delhi Since 28.02.1997
• Ordered to be shifted Out of Delhi • Required for Road Construction/Maintenence
Activities
Shifting of Hot Mix Plants - NGT Order
(I.A. No. 22 in Writ Petition [C] No. 4677, M.C. Mehta - vs - Union of India, 1997
Demonstrate the Effectiveness of Air Pollution Mitigation by Pariyayntra Filtration by Manav Rachna Innovation & Incubation Centre
Installing Pariyayntra Filtration Unit on the Roof Top of 30 Buses
R& D Projects Related To Dust Control in Delhi (DST/CPCB)
• Deployment and Evaluation of Air Purification Unit (for Traffic Junction Pollution Abatement ) in Delhi by CSIR-NEERI
By Installing Wind Augmentation and Air Purifying Unit (WAYU) Device at 7 Traffic Intersections in Delhi
by CSIR-NEERI & IITB (Under EPC Funding)
R& D Projects Related To Dust Control in Delhi (DST/CPCB) – Stubble Burning
• Banning of Burning of Biomass ( NGT Fine Of Rs. 5000/-)
Review of the Chemical Agent Used For Dust Suppression On Paved Roads
CMA- Calcium magnesium acetate Source: Gulia, S., Goyal, P., Goyal, S.K. and Kumar, R. (2018). Re-suspension of road dust: contribution, assessment and control through dust suppressants- a review.. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-2001-7
Dust Suppressant – CRRI & NEERI Study
• Material supplied by M/s Nitto Denko India Pvt. Ltd.
• Evaluation of Dust suppressant under Control conditions – To be Extended to Field/Real Life Situation
• Claimed to be Extensively used in Japan, Europe, China and USA
• Chemical Loading @ ~1.5 kg/m2
• Remains Effective (Dust Control) for 10-15 Days
• NEERI- Dust Measurements • CRRI- Skid Tests on Road Surface ( BPT)
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