Rise of DictatorsWhy did these
totalitarian regimes
gain power after World War I?
Video Clips from United streaming:
Discovering History: 20th-Century Biographies: WWII Political Leaders
Saxton
‘08
Big Idea: Economic problems after WWI cause Totalitarian leaders to gain power and ultimately will lead to WWII!
Totalitarian governments control their citizens & retain control with the
following methods:• 1. single leader, demand blind obedience
• 2. control the economy
• 3. police spies & terror tactics
• 4.control the media (use propaganda to indoctrinate)
• 5. use school to spread ideology to children
• 6. censorship of art, books, intellectuals with dissenting opinions
Rise of Totalitarian Regimes
A. In a Totalitarian country, individual rights are not viewed as important as the needs of the nation
Totalitarianism
Communist Dictatorship
(USSR)
Fascist Dictatorship
(Germany, Italy)
Military Dictatorship
(Japan)
Fascism: military
government with based on
racism & nationalism with strong
support from the business communityOpposition is suppressed.. violent
Government in which there are no social classes, to create equality and government controls all aspects of production.
Mussolini – Il Duce (eel DOO chay)* First Fascist state
• Recognized Catholicism as the state religion
• Role of Women- have children and raise them to love the state
• Make government work efficiently (get trains running on time)
• Save Roman ruins, put money to salvage Coliseum
• Bring back glory of Roman Empire
Control:• Black shirts- child youth organizations to
support fascist ideology.
• OVRA (Organization for Vigilance and Repression of Anti-Fascism) Secret Police force
* Propaganda “Mussolini is always right”
Adolf Hitler – Fuhrer (FYUR uhr) leader
• Chancellor • Policy of Anti-Semitism• National Socialist German Workers’ Party
or Nazi • Third Reich• Role of women- have
children and raise them to love the state
Control:• Schutzstaffeln or SS• Gestapo- secret police• Get rid of political parties
“friends”
Joseph Stalin “man of steel”
• Five-year plan: to industrialize• Collectivization policy• Role of women- Promoted
equal rights, divorce & work
Control:
Great Purge- get rid of opponents
Cheka- secret police
Gulag- work camps
General Hideki Tojo...slowly takes power away from Emperor Hirohito
Insert video clip- 5:54
•Industrialization• Expansion/imperialism
•Invades Manchuria, China, Korea•Wants Southeast Asia•Wants Siberia (Russia)- makes a pact with Germany
View of women-
Method of Control:•Drop pamphlets on countries telling them to surrender•Purge of western ideas“Imperial Rule Assistance Association”
Want
Process:• make a propaganda poster & a Wanted
poster
it should be persuasive... if I were a citizen of the country it should make me feel my
leader is good/competent/strong etc..... your persuasion may use pride, fear, terror, compassion, etc..
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