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intelligent ornament:
Smart materials are materials that have one or more
properties that can be signicantly changed in a controlled
fashion by external stimuli, such as stress, temperature,
moisture, pH, electric or magnetic elds.
There are a number of types of smart materials
Some examples are as following:
01. Shape memory alloys
02. Magnetic shape memory alloys
03. PH sensitive polymers
04. Temprature responsive polymers
05. Photomechanical materials
06. Smart bers
smart materials
http://science
ray.com/technology/metals-with-memories-the-shape-
memory-alloy
s-may-hold-a-key-to-future-en
ergy-requirements/2/
http://scienceray.com/technology/metals-with-memories-the-shape-
memory-alloys-may-hold-a-key-to-future-energy-requirements/2/
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intelligent ornament:
Shape Memory Alloys (SMA, smart metal, memory
metal, memory alloy, muscle wire, smart alloy) is an alloy
that remembers its original, cold-forged shape: return-
ing the pre-deformed shape by heating. This material is a
lightweight, solid-state alternative to conventional actuators
such as hydraulic, pneumatic, and motor-based systems.
Shape memory alloys have applications in industries includ-
ing medical and aerospace.
Shape memory alloys have different shape memo-
ry effects. Two common effects are one-way and two-way
shape memory
One-way memory effect
When a shape memory alloy is in its cold state, the
metal can be bent or stretched and will hold those shapes
until heated above the transition temperature. Upon heat-
ing, the shape changes to its original. When the metal cools
again it will remain in the hot shape, until deformed again.
With the one-way effect, cooling from high tempera-
tures does not cause a macroscopic shape change. A defor-
mation is necessary to create the low-temperature shape.
On heating, transformation starts at As and is completed at
Af (typically 2 to 20 C or hotter, depending on the alloy or
the loading conditions). As is determined by the alloy type
and composition. It can be varied between 150 C and 200
C.
smart materials
http://en.wikip
edia.org/wiki/Shape_memory
_alloy
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intelligent ornament:
Two way memory effect
The two-way shape memory effect is the effect that
the material remembers two different shapes: one at low
temperatures, and one at the high temperature shape. A ma-
terial that shows a shape memory effect during both heating
and cooling is called two-way shape memory. This can also
be obtained without the application of an external force (in-
trinsic two-way effect). The reason the material behaves so
differently in these situations lies in training. Training implies
that a shape memory can learn to behave in a certain way.
Under normal circumstances, a shape memory alloy re-
members its high-temperature shape, but upon heating to
recover the high-temperature shape, immediately forgetsthe low-temperature shape. However, it can be trained
to remember to leave some reminders of the deformed
low-temperature condition in the high-temperature phases.
There are several ways of doing this[4]. A shaped, trained
object heated beyond a certain point will lose the two way
memory effect, this is known as amnesia.
Demonstration Clip:
http://www.smaterial.com/SMA/phenomena/phenomena.
html
smart materials
http://science
ray.com/technology/metals-with-memories-the-shape-
memory-alloy
s-may-hold-a-key-to-future-en
ergy-requirements/2/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wik
i/Shape_memory_alloy
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intelligent ornament:
Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys are materials that
change their shape in response to a signicant change in
the magnetic eld.
Structural reorientation gives rise to strain (a), which
usually occurs by twin boundary motion, either by an exter-nal stress or magnetic eld (b).
smart materials
http://www.ifw-dresden.de/institutes/imw/section
s/21/funct-magn-mat/
ferromagnetic-sha
pe-memory-alloys
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intelligent ornament:
pH sensitive or pH responsive polymers are mate-
rials which will respond to the changes in the pH of the
surrounding medium by varying their dimensions. Such ma-
terials swell or collapse depending on the pH of their envi-
ronment. This behaviour is exhibited due to the presence of
certain functional groups in the polymer chain.
In this work, chitosan-based thermo- and pH-re-
sponsive nanoparticles were synthesized via surfactant-
free emulsion polymerization and found the particle size of
nanoparticles varied with the pH value or temperature in the
medium.
smart materials
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pola.v47:11/issuetoc
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P
H-sensitive_polymers
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intelligent ornament:
Temperature Responsive Polymers are polymers
which undergo a physical change when external thermal
stimuli are presented. These physical changes can be ex-
ploited for many analytical techniques, especially for sepa-
ration chemistry.
smart materials
http://www.gzespace.com
/gzenew/index.php?pg=shap
e_memory_
polimer&lang=en
http://www.yo
utube.com/watch?v=AJAgUz
fkKvc
fabric before activation
fabric after activation
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intelligent ornament:
heat sensitive fabrics
http://www.w
ired.com/gadgetlab/2010/06/gallery-smart-textiles/7/
smart materials
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intelligent ornament:
Photomechanical Materials The photomechanical
effect is the change in the shape of a material when it is
exposed to light.
The most common mechanism of the photomechani-
cal effect is light-induced heating.
smart materials
http://www.gzespace.com/gzenew/index.php?pg=shape_memory_
polimer&lang=en
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intelligent ornament:
Smart Fibers
Smart Fibers
http://www.t
echnovelgy.com/ct/Science-Fiction-News.
asp?NewsN
um=2041
http://www.technovelgy.com/ct/Science-Fiction-News.
asp?NewsNum=2041
smart materials
Smart FibersThe bers are soft and exible, like a natural
ber; however, these tiny laments can conduct electricity when
woven into fabrics.
In laboratory tests, the researchers showed that the new E-
bers could light up a simple light-emitting diode when connected to
a battery. When coated with certain antibodies, the bers detectedthe presence of albumin, a key protein in blood a function that
could be used to detect bleeding in wounded soldiers. The fabrics
could also help monitor diseases and vital signs, they say.
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intelligent ornament:
wearable computation
hussein chalayan
http://www
.youtube.com/watch?v=Xdhb4RD
XS8w&fea
ture=related
http://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=nNcmQYo2rO
g&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=lCJVtAWzLi
c&feature=related
http://www
.youtube.com/watch?v=g3gZ
ZCm6Th
g&feature
=related
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intelligent ornament:
The Body Speaker
http://subtela.hexagram.ca/Pages/Tornad
o%20Dress.html
http://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2010/06/gallery-sma
rt-textiles/4/
The Body Speaker, which is worn in direct contact with the
body, places sound-capturing membranes on the skin and directs
the sound signals to a control system.
van Heck says she was inspired by the fact that technology
such as X-rays and CT scans make it easy to look inside the hu-
man body.By hearing the sounds from our own body we become
aware of our own existence and the condition and necessities of
our body, she says. In times of stress we tend not to listen to our
bodies quite enough and take it for granted.
The lining has been embroidered with conductive threads
and electronic components including super-bright white LEDs.
Three small photocells were stitched to the outside of the dress
and detect ambient light. Depending on the quantity of light that is
sensed, different ashing patterns are triggered in the LED display,
reminiscent of lightning effects that can accompany severe weather
situations.
wearable computation
Tornado dress
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intelligent ornament:
http://www.talk2myshirt.com/blog/archive
s/3150
The aim of the e-Pressed project is to communicate nega-
tive emotions such as grief, sadness, pain, fear or anger in a new
way, a way to create awareness in the wearer and in others and
possible interaction between people.
Bio sensors placed around the shirt pick up the level of
stress or anxiety of the wearer and indicate this via embeddedLEDs.
Fast blinking indicates a high level of irritation and once
the therapy, the interaction with another person via acupuncture
points on the shirt starts, the LEDs ashing frequency slows down
in sync with the relaxation level of the wearer until the light goes off,
indicating a balanced emotional stage.
The shirt itself is made of two layers, inside and outside
layer with the buttons of the pressure areas and the LEDs placed
between the inner and outer garment layer.
The galvanic skin response sensor is connected to the Ar-
duino board. The wearer of the shirt has to connect two ngers of
his/her left hand to the sensor.
wearable computation
e-Pressed, smart Shirt
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intelligent ornament:
Musical Circuit Dress
CuteCircuit GalaxyDress at MSI
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rX9FOGFxN9A&feature
=related
http://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2010/06/gallery
-smart-textiles/
wearable computation
A dress with 35 old circuit boards stitched together
is not for everyone. But Nicky Assmann, who built the dress
over a four month period, says she chose circuit boards as
the fabric for her dress because she liked their look.
Twelve coils are incorporated into the dress, each
of which is played by connecting it to one another throughcopper nger plates. The musical composition results as the
ngers explore the dress. There are two speakers on the
front of the dress, and the entire dress runs on batteries.
The straps on the dress are made from electric ca-
bles that are are used for rewiring the circuit-bended board
from the back to the coils to the front. Its very functional,
says Assmann, since it solved the problem of where to leave
the wires.
The GalaxyDress is embroidered with 24000 color
LEDs, it is the largest wearable display in the world. Con-
structed using the smallest full-color LEDs that are at like
paper and measuring only 2 by 2 mm.
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intelligent ornament:
bubelle
bubelle
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WRX-3
DDBow0&NR=1
http://www.youtube.com
/watch?v=WRX-3DDBow0&N
R=1
wearable computation
Philips Design announced today that it has devel-
oped a seriesof dynamic garments as part of the ongoing
SKIN exploration research into the area known as emotion-
al sensing. The garments, which are intended for demon-
stration purposes only, demonstrate how electronics can be
incorporated into fabrics and garments in order to expressthe emotions and personality of the wearer.
The marvelously intricate wearable prototypes in-
clude Bubelle, a dress surrounded by a delicate bubble
illuminated by patterns that changed dependent on skin con-
tact- and Frison, a body suit that reacts to being blown on
by igniting a private constellation of tiny LEDs.
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intelligent ornament:
http://www
.fashioningtech.c
om/proles/b
logs/wearable-a
bsence
Wearable Absence is an interactive garment that functions
as an interface for a database of digital memories.
Through the use of wireless technology and bio-sensors,
users of the garment are able to retrieve archived information from
an absent persons life via a mobile application.
Whats interesting about this project is that the user has no
real control of when and how they receive these digital memories.
The ow of information is unconsciously triggered by bio-sensors
that monitor the physical state of the wearer.
wearable computation
Wearable Absence
http://subtela.hexagram.ca/Pages/WearableAbsence.html
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