Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
Observational Astrophysics
Part II: Observations (5 p)
May/June 2004: Rene´ Liseau Magnus Gålfalk
http://www.astro.su.se/utbildning/kurser/astro_obs2/
Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
LOGISTICSTravel Arrangements:
Bring your own clothes Bring the 5 laptops Meeting: after check in
(see itinary) Hotel: contact Ulla Engberg
Group Formation*: 2 persons per group1 proposal per group is o.k.But 1 report per person
*for ALFOSC Set-Up
Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
GRP
NAME UT (Start/End)
Comment
1 Jeanette, Kristoffer
2 Andrej, Milan
3 Anna, Thomas
4 Sven
5
6
Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
Writings
A. Observing Proposalhttp://www.not.iac.es/
-> Observing at NOT -> Applying for timei. Title
ii. Abstract iii. Scientific Rational & Immediate Objective (ugrads use Obs Programme)
iv. Justification of Requested Telescope Time & Lunar Phase v. List of Targets, inc. Standard / Calibration Sources vi. Observing Mode & Instrument Configuration vii. Finder Charts viii. Strategy for Data Reductions & Analysis (ugrads use IRAF)
Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
Writings
B. Final Report
i. Title ii. Abstract iii. Introduction:(ugrads use Observational Programme from handouts)
(a) put project into general context(b) focus on particular project
iv. Observations (detailed description)
v. Data Reductions (detailed description)
vi. Results (results only – no discussion)
vii. Discussion & Conclusions (not mandatory for ugrads)
viii. References
Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
HAND-OUTS1 Itinary (detailed)1 Goals of Course1 Observing Programme1 Source List1 Magnitudes & Photometry1 Time DefinitionsUser Guides:
1 TCS (Telescope Control System)
1 ALFOSC1 STANCAM1 NOTCam
1 Filters 1 NOT-FITS 1 IRAFExample of Exp Time Calc: 1 Exam
Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
PREPARING the OBSERVATIONS
NOTMay 27 to 29: ALFOSC (3 nights / 30 hr)
long-slit spectroscopy
May 30 to 31: STANCam & NOTCam (2 nights / 20 hr)BVR & JHK imaging
SSTJune 2: Swedish Solar Telescope (1 day / 8-10 hr)
[Dan Kiselman]
Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
PREPARING the OBSERVATIONS• Source Coordinates1. Needs Precession? http://fuse.pha.jhu.edu/support/tool/precess.html
2. Finder Charts [what is FOV of instrument?]3. When observable?
• Time of year• During the Night• What UT optimum? • Check the Moon
http://www.eso.org/observing/support.html
1. What type of Observation? (Spectroscopy / Imaging)• When & Which Calibration
Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
PREPARING the OBSERVATIONS
Long-Slit Spectroscopy with ALFOSC• What spectral resolution ?
– What wavelengths– What grisms (pixel sampling)
– What filters– What slit widths (pixel sampling)
• What position angles ? (rotator)– Orientation & peak up / point sources (stars) ?
• Calibrators– Photometric Standard Stars I (Telluric Atmospheric Extinction)
– Photometric Standard Stars I I (Interstellar Extinction)
– Flux Calibrators– (in general: Wavelength Calibrators)
Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
PREPARING the OBSERVATIONS
Long-Slit Spectroscopy with ALFOSC cntd
• What Quantum Efficiency ? (e.g., CCD#8)
http://www.not.iac.es/technical/astronomical/detectors/
• What Integration Time?http://www.eso.org/observing/support.html
-> Instrument Performance -> Exposure Time Calculator
• What Overheads ?Total Telescope Time Estimate (Requested in Proposal)
Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
PREPARING the OBSERVATIONS
Imaging with STANCam & NOTCam
• What spatial resolution ?– Pixel sampling and seeing– What Field of View
• Calibrators– What Filters– Photometric Standard Stars I (Telluric Atmospheric Extinction)
– Photometric Standard Stars I I (Interstellar Extinction)
– Flux Calibrators– Whay Sky Background (La Palma)
http://www.not.iac.es/ -> Observing at NOT -> Applying for time
Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
Astronomical Coordinates*
* Several systems in use; we focus here on two
Equatorial Coordinates (`Source Coordinates´)
Right Ascension: R.A. or (h m s) [0 to 24 hr]
Declination: Dec. or o ´ ´´) [-90o to +90o]
Fundametal plane: Earth’s Equatorial Plane
Zero Point: Vernal Equinox ()
Horizontal Coordinates (`Local Coordinates´)
Azimuth : Az (degrees) [0o to 360o] Elevation (or Height): El (degrees) [-90o to +90o]
Fundamental Plane: Local Horizontal PlaneZero Point: Northern Meridian
Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
Astronomical Coordinates*
* Several systems in use; we focus here on two
Transformation Relations
latitude geographic theis and timesiderial theis
anglehour theiswhere
coscoscossinsinsin
coscossinsincoscoscos
sincossincos
ST
ST -t
AzElEl
AzElElt
AzElt
tEl
tAzEl
tAzEl
coscoscossinsinsin
coscossinsincoscoscos
sincossincos
:Inverse
Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
Time
360 = 15 . 24 or 1 hr = 15o
at the equator
Siderial Time ST: (hour angle t of , Sun at equator S to N)
Universal Time UT: (previously Greenwich Mean Time GMT)
Julian Date JD: (zero point 4713 BC)
Observational Astrophysics II: May-June, 2004 [email protected]
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