RECONSTRUCTION IN

TEXASRebuilding the Union after the Civil War

Difficulties of Reconstruction

•most of south in ruins•money was scarce•African Americans free but couldn’t live•still differences between North and South

Freedom for slaves

Lincoln-Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 freed slaves in rebelling states only

June 19, 1865 General Gordon Granger takes control of Texas Juneteenth celebrates freedom of slaves in Texas

Freedman’s Bureau

Federal agency to assist freedmen

Provided: relief to homeless supervision of affairs management for Confederate lands food, clothing 1st public schools for African Am. in Texas legal defense

National Bureau headed by Oliver O. Howard Howard University

Bureau worked for 5 years

RECONSTRUCTION PLANS

Lincoln’s-10% Plan never believed South had left Union Southern states still had rights Moderate Plan Southerners had to take oath to U.S. 10% of states population take oath, state back in Union

Johnson’s Plan Provisional govt. in each state Johnson appt. state officials State must abolish slavery nullify ordinance of secession voting rights Confederate official-$20,000 for special pardon Apply for statehood

Radical Republicans Congress control not President States ratify 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments 5 Military Districts St. Consti. had to give Af. Am. right to vote and hold office; repeal Black Codes

Johnson fought Radical Republicans for control of Reconstruction

impeached, but not convicted

impeach-ACCUSE a government official of a crime this is NOT a finding of guilt or innocence

Black Codesused to restrict Af. Am. in the South couldn’t votes couldn’t testify against whites couldn’t serve on juries illegal to teach an Af. Am. to read or write

Af. Am. confined to agricultural jobs usually on plantations

General Philip Sheridan

military commander of Texas and Louisiana

appoints Elisha M. Pease as governor of Texas

Constitution of 1868Some delegates were Af. Am. Provided: no one excluded due to race or color more support to public education rights to Af. Am. protected public lands more power to governor and leg. ratified 13th, 14th and 15th Amend.Edmund J. Davis elected gov.

Reconstruction ends

March 30, 1870 President Ulysses S. Grant Reconstruction in Texas over