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The Washington PostYear 139, No. 29

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T he first person killed in 2015 was a 35-year-old father of two. The last was a

31-year-old man with no fixed address. In between, there were 160 other

homicides in the nation’s capital, a 54 percent jump from the year before

that left an entire city on edge. Shootings, stabbings and beatings claimed

precious, often unheralded, lives all over the District. Desiree Cooper, architect,

world traveler, lover of city life. Dead at 36. Charles Hatcherson, proud uncle,

owner of a Pomeranian and a Chihuahua, vegetarian. Dead at 49. Rico Myers,

apprentice mortician, doting father, life of the party. Dead at 25. Pedro Melendez-

Alvarado, immigrant from El Salvador, construction worker, providing father, a

“marvelous person in every sense of the word.” Dead at 50. The Post looks back at

the District’s violent year with the names of all those killed and the stories of 12 —

one victim for each month — who mattered deeply to their families and friends.

JANUARY Rahji Ross, 35 Marvin Stewart, 49 Eduardo Carias-Martinez, 21 Andrew Newman, 17James Anderson, 27 Phillip Jones, 17 Lakida Goodman, 34 Kevin Owens, 22 Jerald Williams, 45

FEBRUARY Navontae Howard, 19 Tracey Jones, 46 David Messerschmitt, 30 Rico Myers, 25Torrey Bowman, 31 Marcus McClam, 29 Davon Barnes, 25 MARCH Thomas Deal, 33 Deonte Bethea, 30

Alejandra Coronado-Cardona, 37 Christopher Adams, 20 Marcus Alston, 27 David Simmons, 32Milton Swinson, 30 Richard Dudley, 61 Tyrone Moore, 32 Antonio Ayala, 34 APRIL Luke Holt, 16

Demetric Greene, 38 Larry Wallace, 23 Joshua Steele, 23 Nathaniel Brooks, 32 Charles Hatcherson, 49Darryn Conte, 39 Andre McConnell, 26 MAY Gregory McBryde, 21 Anthony Benson, 17

Michael Marshall, 33 Darren McManus, 54 Terrance Moore, 27 Santos Garcia, 65 Jermaine Jordan, 23Darlene Bryant, 46 Veralicia Figueroa, 57 Amy Savopoulos, 47 Philip Savopoulos, 10

Savvas Savopoulos, 46 Stephen Clark, 24 Anthony Osgood, 29 Devonte Reed, 20 Tamara Gliss, 31Charnice Milton, 27 Pedro Melendez-Alvarado, 50 JUNE Santos Ventura, 64 Qur’an Vines, 21

Anthony Melvin, 57 Kenneth Fogle, 54 Donald Bush, 44 Jose Lopez, 39 James Brown, 26Malek Mercer, 15 Larry Lockhart, 25 Antonio Bryant, 28 Brian Sickles, 42 Patrick Shaw, 26

Joel Johnson, 53 Arvel Stewart, 26 Heineken McNeil, 19 Stephon Perkins, 21 Kevin Johnson, 23

Darrell Grays, 33 Rodney Davis, 25 JULY Kevin Sutherland, 24 Dwayne Dillard, 23 John Jones, 24Thomas Harris, 52 William Herndon, 24 Timothy Bing, 36 Bryan Perkins, 18 Charles Douglas, 33

Wesley West, 25 Antoine Jackson, 22 Isiah Agyekum, 25 Antonio McCallister, 23 Antonio Austin, 31Jerome Diggs, 47 Melvin Williams, 31 Derrick Black, 24 AUGUST Michael Toland, 22

Shaun Simmons, 18 William Burke, 34 Robert Smith, 1 month Charles Burton, 37 Eric Jackson, 32Eric Smith, 44 Ryan Addison, 28 Lawrence Carter, 27 Matthew Shlonsky, 23 Amari Jenkins, 21

William Conley, 24 Tenika Fontanelle, 31 Johnson Jonas, 29 Loretta Carswell, 63 Kassahun Edo, 35Kenneth Watson, 26 Antonio Dean, 24 Bobby Ellis, 33 Omoni Johnson, 26 Shaheed James, 21

SEPTEMBER Davon Wade, 22 Malik Thomas, 21 Uyer Hooper, 55 Jarrell Hall, 28 Levi Davis, 38Charles Welch, 25 Marcellus Green, 39 Deontray Ingram, 22 Kuron Calleo, 28 Delany Epps, 29

Thomas Stalling, 50 Kenneth Evans, 45 Ernest Massenberg-Bey, 21 OCTOBER Muhammad Washington, 20Cortez Clark, 32 Tavon Patterson, 23 Joel Midgett, 24 Percy Williams, 20 Marcus Manor, 38

Norman Joaquin, 42 Eric Jones, 19 Nathaniel Moody, 51 Daniel Brown, 19 Marcquetta Cunningham, 24Leon Reid, 35 Kenneth Cosby, 36 Joseph Belle, 36 Van Joyner, 36 Victor Drummings, 41

NOVEMBER Desiree Cooper, 36 Tyree Banks, 19 Charles Newell, 24Reginald Perry, 28 Diante McLeod, 28 Antwan Baker, 29 Ray Harrison, 21 Onyekachi Osuchukwu, 24

Frederick Etheridge, 28 Kevin Wallace, 21 Clarence Terry, 64 Kevontae Jones, 19 James Neal, 54Dwayne Grandson, 24 DECEMBER Sean Dillard, 46 Kwaza Blue, 20 Michael Jones, 23 Gary Brown, 25

Arthur Baldwin, 30 Eric Brooks, 26 Charles Mayo, 53 José Ochoa, 17 Lenard Wills, 50Darnell Mayfield, 34 Kevin Prater, 31

‘He is not a statistic’A look into the lives of 12 of Washington’s 162 homicide victims in 2015

Read 12 stories of victims of homicide in the District, pages A8-A10.For a database of D.C. homicides, go to wapo.st/homicides.

BY ROBERT SAMUELS

The band of black conserva-tives gathered at a Washingtonhotel on a spring evening in 2013with the future of their cause andthe country on their minds.

Joining them was Ben Carson,the renowned neurosurgeonwho’d electrified Republicansseveral weeks earlier with a sharpattack on President Obama’s pol-icies at the National PrayerBreakfast.

Now a half-dozen of Carson’sadmirers — all prominent Afri-can American conservatives —wanted him to go further. Overdinner in a palatial room at theWillard InterContinental, justtwo blocks from the White House,they courted Carson with viewsthat had long set them apart frommuch of black America.

Niger Innis, spokesman for theCongress of Racial Equality, saidhe thought Obama would make iteasier for a country to accept a

CARSON CONTINUED ON A12

T H E D E C I D E R S

Ben Carson, from inspiring to polarizingWhy did he risk his reputation as groundbreaking surgeon to enter politics? His sense of destiny.

MELINA MARA/THE WASHINGTON POST

GOP presidential candidate Ben Carson gets ready to speak in Manchester, N.H., last month.

BY LIZ SLY

beirut—Protesters stormedandtorched the Saudi Arabian Em-bassy in Tehran on Saturday afterthe execution of a prominent Shi-ite cleric ignited sectarian ten-sions across the already inflamedregion, jeopardizing U.S. diplo-macy aimed at tamping downconflicts in the Middle East.

The unrest erupted after Saudiauthorities announced that SheikNimr Baqr al-Nimr, 56, wasamong 47 people put to death.

Some were killed by firingsquad, others by beheading, ac-cording to a statement from SaudiArabia’s Interior Ministry. Mostwere Sunnis accused of participat-ing in al-Qaeda attacks in the king-dom.

Nimr, however, was one of fourShiites put to death for politicalactivism and the leading figure inthe anti-government demonstra-tions that swept the mostly Shiiteeast of the country in 2011, in-spired by the Arab Spring protestselsewhere in the region.

The death sentence was carriedout despite international appealsfor clemency and repeated warn-ings from the kingdom’s arch-enemy in the region, Iran, thatthere would be consequences ifthe popular cleric were killed.

The U.S. State Department,whichhadrefrainedfrompubliclyjoining the appeals for Nimr’s life,said it had raised concerns at thehighest levels of the Saudi govern-ment about the judicial process.In a statement, it called on Saudi

SAUDI CONTINUED ON A11

Austerity in Saudi Arabia?The kingdom, hurt by cheap oil,plays down its smaller budget. A16

Saudiexecutioninflamesregion

SHIITE CLERIC WASPOLITICAL ACTIVIST

Embassy in Tehran is setablaze by protesters

BY WILLIAM WANAND MARK GUARINO

chicago — Mayor Rahm Eman-uel cut short a family vacationthis past week and returned to acity in crisis: On the North Side,more than a dozen people stoodoutside his house, hurling in-sults. On the West Side, a closeaide was punched and kickedwhile attending a prayer vigil fora police shooting victim. And allweek long, there were protesters,haunting one of Emanuel’s big-gest political donors, haranguinghis police force, beating a papier-mâché likeness of his face at CityHall.

More than a month has passedsince a judge forced Emanuel (D)and other city officials to releasea graphic video of a white Chica-go police officer shooting a blackteenager 16 times.But public an-ger over the fatal shooting ofLaquan McDonald in October2014 has not dissipated. Instead,it has grown bitter and morepersonal.

“Oh, it’s personal, all right.We’re making it personal,” yelledJa’Mal Green, 20, a formerEmanuel supporter who spenthours in bone-cold weather onthe sidewalk outside the mayor’sspacious Ravenswood home,mocking him and urging him toresign.

CHICAGO CONTINUED ON A13

In Chicago,criticismhas turned‘personal’Emanuel critics say lackof transparency, abrasive

style garnered distrust

JOSHUA LOTT FOR THE WASHINGTON POST

BY LENNY BERNSTEIN

The stethoscope is having acrossroads moment. Perhapsmore than at any time in itstwo-century history, this ubiqui-tous tool of the medical profes-sion is at the center of debateover how medicine should bepracticed.

In recent years, the sounds ittransmits from the heart, lungs,blood vessels and bowels havebeen digitized, amplified, fil-tered and recorded. Four monthsago, the Food and Drug Adminis-tration approved a stethoscopethat can faithfully reproducethose sounds on a cellphone appthousands of miles away or sendthem directly to an electronicmedical record.

Algorithms already exist thatcan analyze the clues picked up

by a stethoscope and offer apossible diagnosis.

But whether all this representsthe rebirth of diagnostic possibil-ity or the death rattle of anobsolete device is a subject ofspirited discussion in cardiology.The widespread use of echocar-diograms and the development ofpocket-size ultrasound devicesare raising questions about whydoctors and others continue tosling earphones and rubber tub-ing around their necks.

“The stethoscope is dead,” saidJagat Narula, a cardiologist andassociate dean for global healthat the Icahn School of Medicine atMount Sinai Hospital in NewYork. “The time for the stetho-scope is gone.”

Not so, counters W. ReidThompson, an associate profes-STETHOSCOPE CONTINUED ON A6

After 200 years, time to checkthe pulse of a medical icon