Quantum PhysicsMathematics
Quantum PhysicsMathematics
Quantum PhysicsTools in Real LifeQuantum PhysicsTools in Real Life
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Quantum PhysicsTools in Physics / Quantum PhysicsReal Number – Vector - Statevector
Quantum PhysicsTools in Physics / Quantum PhysicsReal Number – Vector - Statevector
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Quantum PhysicsPostulate 2Quantum PhysicsPostulate 2
2.An action or a measurement on a systemis associated with an operator.
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The behaviour of the classis perhaps not independentof an observation (making a video of the class)
The length of the tableis independent of an observation or a measurement.
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Quantum PhysicsObservation of position, changing the velocityQuantum PhysicsObservation of position, changing the velocity
A ball with a known velocity and unknown position.Try to determine the position.
A bit unlucky one foot hits the ball.The position is known when the ball is touched,but now the velocity is changing.
Just after the hit of the ball,the position is known, but now the velocity is unknown.
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Quantum PhysicsObservation of current and voltageQuantum PhysicsObservation of current and voltage
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Quantum PhysicsStern-Gerlach experiment [1/2]Observation of angular momentum in one directioninfluence on the angular momentum in another direction
Quantum PhysicsStern-Gerlach experiment [1/2]Observation of angular momentum in one directioninfluence on the angular momentum in another direction
Silver atoms going through a vertical magnetic fielddividing the beam into two new beamsdependent of the angular momentum of the atom.
Three magnetic fields: Vertical, horizontal, vertical.Every time the beam is divided into two new beams.
No sorting mechanism.A new vertical/horisontal measurementdisturbs/changes the horisontal/vertical beam property.
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Quantum PhysicsStern-Gerlach experiment [2/2]Observation of angular momentum in one directioninfluence on the angular momentum in another direction
Quantum PhysicsStern-Gerlach experiment [2/2]Observation of angular momentum in one directioninfluence on the angular momentum in another direction
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Quantum PhysicsEntanglementQuantum PhysicsEntanglement
Quantum entanglement occurs when particles such asphotons, electrons, molecules and even small diamondsinteract physically and then become separated.When a measurement is made on one of member of such a pair,the other member will at any subsequent time be foundto have taken the appropriate correlated value.
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Entanglement is a challange in our understanding of natureog will hopefully give us new technological applications.
According to the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum physics,their shared state is indefinite until measured.
Quantum PhysicsObservation / Measurement - ClassicalQuantum PhysicsObservation / Measurement - Classical
A car (particle) is placed behind a person.The person with the car behind, cannot see the car.
The person turns around and observeres the car.
Classically we will say:The car was at the same place also just before the observation.
Quantum PhysicsObservation / Measurement - QuantumQuantum PhysicsObservation / Measurement - Quantum
A car is placed in the position Abehind a person.The person with the car behind,cannot yet observe the car.
The person turns aroundand observeres the carin the position B.
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Question:Where was the carbefore the observation?
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If this is true,quantum physics is incomplete.There must be some hidden variables (Einstein).
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Agnostic:Refuse to answer.
It’s the act of measurementthat force the particle to ‘take a stand’.Observations not only disturb,but they also produce.
No sense to ask before a measurent.
Orthodox supported by theory (Bell 1964) and experiment (Aspect 1982).
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Quantum PhysicsOperatorEigenvectors - Eigenvalues
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Quantum PhysicsHermitian operatorThe eigenvalues of a Hermitian operator are real
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Quantum PhysicsHermitian operatorEigenstates with different eigenvalues are orthogonal
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