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N
O.
REFERE
NCE
IMPERFECTION
DESIGNATION
REMARKS THICKNESS,
t MM
QUALITY LEVEL, C
SURFACE IMPERFECTIONS1 100 Crack 0.5 Not permitted2 104 Crater Crack 0.5 Not permitted
3 2017 Surface pore Maximum dimension of a singe pore for!" #utt $eds
" %et $eds
0.5 to 3 Not permitted
Maximum dimension of a singe pore for!
" #utt $eds
" %et $eds
& 3
d ' 0.2 s( #ut max. 2mm
d ' 0.2 a( #ut max. 2mm4 2025 )nd crater pipe 0.5 to 3
& 3
Not permitted
* ' 0.1 t( #ut max. 1mm
5 401 +ack of fusion
,incompete fusion-
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
""
0.5 Not permitted
Micro ack of fusion n/ detecta#e #/ micro examination 0.5 ermitted 4021 ncompete root
penetration
n/ for singe side #utt $eds 0.5 Not permitted
7 5011
5012
Continuous
undercut
ntermittent
undercut
Smoot* transition is reuired 0.5 to 3
& 3
S*ort imperfections!
* ' 0.1 t
* ' 0.1 t( #ut max. 0.5mm
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5013 S*rinkage grooe Smoot* transition is reuired 0.5 to 3
& 3
S*ort imperfections!* ' 0.1 t
S*ort imperfections!
* ' 0.1 t( #ut max. 1 mm6 502 )xcess $ed meta
,#utt $ed-
Smoot* transition is reuired 0.5 * ' 1mm 0.15 #( #ut
max. 7mm
10 503 )xcessie conexit/,%et $ed-
0.5 * ' 1mm 0.15 #( #utmax. 4mm
11 504 )xcess penetration 0.5 to 3
& 3
* ' 1mm 0.3 #
* ' 1mm 0. #( #ut
max. 4mm
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12 505 ncorrect $ed toe 8utt $eds 0.5 9 1100
:iet $eds 0.5 9 1000
13 50 erap 0.5 Not permitted
14 506511
Saggingncompete/ %ed
grooe
Smoot* transition is reuired 0.5 to 3
& 3
S*ort imperfections!* ' 0.1 t
S*ort imperfections!
* ' 0.1 t( #ut max. 1 mm15 510 """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0.5 Not permitted
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1 512 )xcessie
as/mmetr/ of %et
$ed
,excessie uneua eg
engt*-
n cases $*ere an as/mmetric %et $ed
*as not #een prescri#ed.
0.5 * ' 2mm 0.15 a
17 515 ;oot concait/ Smoot* transition is reuired 0.5 to 3
& 3
* ' 0.1 t
S*ort imperfections!
* ' 0.1 t( #ut max. 1 mm
1 51 ;oot porosit/ Spong/ formation at t*e root of a $ed
due to #u##ing of t*e $ed meta at t*emoment of soidi%cation ,e.g. ack of gas
#acking-
0.5 Not permitted
16 517 oor restart """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 0.5 Not ermitted
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20 5213 nsu
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INTERNAL IMPERFECTIONS
1 100 Cracks > t/pes of cracks except microcracks
and crater cracks
0.5 Not permitted
2 1001 Microcracks > crack usua/ on/ isi#e under t*e
microscope ,50x-
0.5 >cceptance depends on
t/pe of parent materia
$it* particuar reference
to crack sensitiit/.3 2011
2012
@as pore
Aniform/
distri#uted porosit/
=*e foo$ing conditions and imits for
imperfections s*a #e fu%ed!
a1: Maximum dimension of t*e area of
t*e imperfections ,incusie of
s/stematic imperfection- reated to t*e
proBected area
Note! orosit/ in t*e proBect area
depends on t*e num#ers of a/ers
,oume of t*e $ed-
a2: Maximum dimension of t*e cross"
sectiona area of t*e imperfections
,incusie of s/stematic imperfection-
reated to t*e fracture area ,on/
appica#e to test pieces! production test($eder or procedure uai%cation tests-
b:Maximum dimension for a singe pore
for
" 8utt $eds
0.5
0.5
0.5
:or singe a/er! ' 1.5
:or muti"a/er! ' 3
' 1.5
d ' 0.3 s( #ut max. 4mm
d ' 0.3 a( #ut max. 4mm
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" :iet $eds
4 2013 Custered
,+ocaiDed porosit/-
;eference engt* for pis for 100mm.
=*e tota gas pore area $it*in t*e custer
is represented #/ a circe of diameter d>
surrounding a t*e gas pores.
0.5 d> ' 20mm or d>( max ' $p
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=*e reuirements for a singe gas pore
s*a #e met #/ a t*e gas pores $it*in
t*is circe.
> permitted porous area s*a #e oca.
=*e possi#iit/ of t*e pore custer
masking ot*er imperfections s*a #e
taken into consideration.
f ? is ess t*an d>1 or d>2( $*ic*eer is
smaer( t*en t*e tota gas pore area is
represented #/ a circe of diameter d>C(
$*ere d>CE d>1 d>2 ?.
S/stematic custer porosit/ is not
permitted
d> corresponds to d>1( d>2 or d>C(
$*ic*eer is appica#e
5 2014 +inear porosit/ 8utt $eds 0.5 * ' 0.3 s( #ut max. 3mm
' s( #ut max. 50mm:iet $eds 0.5 * ' 0.3 a( #ut max. 3mm
' a( #ut max. 50mm
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2015
201
)ongated cait/
$orm*oes
8utt $eds 0.5 * ' 0.3 s( #ut max. 3mm
' s( #ut max. 50mm:iet $eds 0.5 * ' 0.3 a( #ut max. 3mm
' a( #ut max. 50mm7 202 S*rinkage cait/ 0.5 Not permitted
2024 Crater pipe
=*e arger aue of * or $i #e
measured
0.5 to 3
& 3
Not permitted
6 300
301
302
303
Soid incusions
Sag incusions
:ux incusions
xide incusions
8utt $eds 0.5 * ' 0.3 s( #ut max. 3mm
' s( #ut max. 50mm:iet $eds 0.5 * ' 0.3 a( #ut max. 3mm
' a( #ut max. 50mm
10 304 Metaic incusionsot*er t*an copper
8utt $eds 0.5 * ' 0.3 s( #ut max. 3mm:iet $eds 0.5 * ' 0.3 a( #ut max. 3mm
11 3042 Copper incusions
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
0.5 Not permitted
12 401 +ack of fusion
,incompete fusion-
0.5 Not permitted
4011 +ack of side $a
fusion
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4012 +ack of inter"run
fusion
4013 +ack of root fusion
13 402 +ack of penetration = F Boint ,%et $ed- 0.5 Not permitted
=" Goint ,partia penetration- 0.5 S*ort imperfections!
8utt Boint! * ' 0.1 s or i(
#ut max. 1.5 mm
:iet Boint! * ' 0.1 a( #ut
max. 1.5 mm
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8utt Boint ,partia penetration-
8utt Boint ,partia penetration- 0.5 Not permitted
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IMPERFECTIONS IN JOINT GEOMETRY
1 507 +inear misaignment =*e imits reate to deiations from t*e
correct position. Aness ot*er$ise
speci%ed( t*e correct position is t*at
$*en t*e centreines coincide5071 +inear misaignment
#et$een pates
ates and ongitudina $eds 0.5 to 3
& 3
* ' 0.2mm 0.15 t
* ' 0.15 t #ut max. 4mm
5072 =ranserse/ circuar$eds at c/indrica
*oo$ sections
Circumferentia $eds 0.5 * ' 0.5 t #ut max. 3mm
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2 17 ncorrect root gapfor %et $eds
@ap #et$een t*e parts to #e Boined.@aps exceeding t*e appropriate imit
ma/( in certain cases( #e compensated
for #/ a corresponding increase in t*e
t*roat t*ickness.
0.5 to 3
& 3
* ' 0.3mm 0.1 a
* ' 0.5mm 0.2 a( #ut
max. 3mm
MULTIPLE IMPERFECTIONS1 None Mutipe
imperfections in an/
cross section
*1 *2 *3 *4E H * 0.5 to 3
& 3
Not permitted
Maximum tota *eig*t of
imperfections!
H * ' 0.3 t or ' 0.2 a
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*1 *2 *3E H *
2 None roBected or cross"
sectiona area in t*e
ongitudina
direction
Case 1 ,? & 3-
*1x 1 *2 x 2 *3x 3E H * x
0.5 H * x '
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Case 2 ,? I 3-
h1x l
1+h
2x l
2(h2+h32 )x D+h3 x l3= h xl
=*e sum of t*e areas H * x s*a #e
cacuated as a percentage to t*e
eauation area p x $p,case 1-
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f ? is smaer t*an t*e s*orter engt* of
one of t*e neig*#ouring imperfections(
t*e fuest connection of t*e t$o
imperfections s*a #e appied to t*e sum
of imperfections ,case 2-
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