Purbanchal University
MCA Syllabus
Year: I Semester: I
Subject
Code
Subject Name Credit Lecture Tutorial Lab Total
MCA111 Discrete Mathematical Structures 3 3 1 - 4
MCA112 Web Programming 3 3 1 2 6
MCA113 Operating System 3 3 1 2 6
MCA114 Advanced Database Management System
3 3 1 2 6
MCA115 Organizational Behavior & Human Resource Management
4 4 1 - 5
Total Credits 16 16 5 6 27
Discrete Mathematical Structures
Semester: I Full Marks: 100
Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20 Final Exam: 80
Course Objective: The basic objective of the course is to impart knowledge to student on
mathematical reasoning, combinatorial analysis, discrete structures, algorithmic thinking, and
application and modeling so that students are able to learn a particular set of mathematical facts and
how to apply them.
Course Contents:
1. Fundamentals: Sets and Subsets, Operations on sets, Sequences, Division in the integers
[5 hrs]
2. Logic: Propositions and logical operations, Conditional statements, Predicate and Quantifiers,
Methods of proof, Mathematical induction. [4 hrs]
3. Counting: Permutations and combinations, Pigeonhole Principle, Recurrence relation,
Solving recurrence relation by substitution [4 hrs]
4. Relations and Digraphs: Product sets and Partitions, Relations and Digraphs, Paths in relations
and diagraphs, Properties of relations, Equivalence relations, Computer representation of relations
and diagraphs, Manipulation of relations [6 hrs]
5. Functions: Functions, Composition of functions, Permutation functions [4 hrs]
6. Graph Theory: Graphs, Special families of graphs, Matrix representation of graphs, Euler
paths and circuits, Hamiltonian paths and circuits [5 hrs]
7. Trees: Trees, Tree searching, Minimal spanning trees [5 hrs]
8. Algebraic Structures: General properties, Semi-groups, monoids groups, permutation
groups, subgroups; homomorphism and isomorphism, group codes, error correcting codes
[8 hrs]
9. Boolean Algebra: Definition and properties, Boolean functions, representing Boolean
functions, logic gates, minimization of circuits [4 hrs]
Reference Books:
1. Kolman, Busby & Ross, “Discrete Mathematical Structures”, PHI
2. Trembly J. P. & Manohar P., “Discrete Mathematical Structures with Applications to Computer
Science”, McGraw Hill
3. John Truss, "Discrete Mathematical Structures for Computer Science", Addison Wesley
4. Seymour Lipchutz, Marc Lipson, "Discrete Mathematics", Tata McGraw Hill
Web Programming
Semester: I Full Marks: 100
Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20+20
Final Exam: 60
Course Objective: This course introduces students to advanced and modern technologies being
used in web solutions. This course also helps students to understand how these technologies related
to each other and choose best technologies to be used for web solutions. Course Contents:
1. Introduction 7 Hrs How Internet Works (Client/Server Architecture, Web-Server, Web-Client, DNS, ISP). Web-
Hosting (Web Space, FTP), Client-side and Server-side Scripting 2. Server-side Scripting (PHP): 13 Hrs
Introduction, Basic Syntax, Types, Variables, Constants, Operators, Control Structures, Functions,
Error Handling, HTTP Authentication, Cookie, Session, Date and Time Functions, String Functions,
HTTP Functions, Database (MySQL) Functions
3. XML 13 Hrs
XML Introduction, Well-formed XML, XML Document Type Definitions, XML
Schema, Namespaces, CSS, XSL/XSLT, DOM, SAX Parsers 4. Advanced Technology 6 Hrs
Introduction, PHP Framework (Code-Igniter), JavaScript Framework (JQuery), DHTML
with JQuery, Simple AJAX with JQuery, SOA, XML-Web Services & SOAP, Wireless
Programming & WML
5. Case Study 6 Hrs Search Engines, Digital Libraries, E-commerce Applications, M-commerce, Content Syndication, Content Management System, RSS, and Digital Signature
Reference Books:
1. Internet and Worldwide Web: How to Program, H Deitel, P Deitel &GoldsBerg, Prentice Hall, 3rd Edition.
2. Webmaster in a Nutshell, S Spainhour& B Eckstein, O'Reilly, 1999, 2nd Edition 3. Core PHP Programming: Using PHP to Build dynamic Web Sites, Leon Atkinson, Prentice Hall,
2nd Edition 4. COM/DCOM Unleashed, Randy Abernety, SAMS Series Books, 1st Edition
Operating System
Course Objective: This course is to introduce both the fundamental principles and the advance
concepts for the development of multiprogramming and multiprocessing Operating Systems. It
starts from history, concepts of processes and threads and incorporates basic concepts of distributed
systems and real time systems towards the end. Course Contents:
1. Introduction of Operating System 4 Hrs
Functions of operating system
Types of operating system
History of operating system
Structure of operating system
2. Process management 8 Hrs
Thread and process concept
Inter process communication (Critical-section problem, solving critical-
section problem with busy-waiting and sleep and wakeup strategies,
Semaphores, Monitors)
Process scheduling algorithms 3. Deadlock 4 Hrs
Principles of Deadlock
Resource status modeling
Conditions for deadlock
Methods for handling deadlocks (Prevention, Avoidance, Detection and Recovery) 4. Memory Management 8 Hrs
Introduction of memory management
Basic memory management mechanism
Memory allocation
Swapping and paging
Virtual memory
Page replacement algorithm
Segmentation with paging
5. File System 4 Hrs
Introduction to files
Directories
File system implementation 6. Input/Output 5 Hrs
Principles of I/O hardware
Principles of I/O software
Disks structure and scheduling
Clocks
Terminals
7. Protection and Security 4 Hrs
Protection mechanism (Access control list, capability list)
User authentication
Frauds and attacks
Trusted system
8. Distributed Operating System 8 Hrs
Concept, advantages and types of distributed operating system
Design issues in distributed operating system
Communication and synchronization
Client-server computing
System state and event precedence
Algorithms for distributed control (Mutual exclusion,
deadlock) Distributed file system
Security
Case Study: LINUX, Windows and Mac (History, design principle, Kernel model, inter-process
communication, Process management, scheduling, memory management, file system, Input and
output, security)
Reference Books:
Modern Operating System, Andrew S. Tanenbaum, PHI
Operating System Design & Implementation, Andrew S. Tanenbaum, PHI
Operating System, Silberschatz, Galvin, Gagne, WILLY
Operating Systems, William Stallings, 4th Edition, Pearson Education
Operating Systems - Modern Perspective, Gary Nutt, 2nd Ed., Pearson Education
The C Odyssey Unix - The Open, Boundless C, M. Ghandi, T. Shetty, Rajiv Shah, BPB
Publications
Operating System Projects using Windows NT, Gary Nutt, Pearson Education
Advanced Unix Programming Environment, R. L. Stevens, Pearson Education
Beginning Linux Programming, Stones Richard, Matthew Neil, Wrox Publications
Advance Database Management System
Semester: I Full Marks: 100
Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20+ 20 Final Exam: 60
Course Objective: After completing the course student will be able to design and understand the
thorough implementation of Database System. Course Contents: 1. Introduction to DBMS Implementation 2 hrs Overview of a Database Management System, Data-Definition Language commands, Overview of query processing, Storage management overview, Main-memory buffers and the buffer manager, Transaction processing, Query processor, Information integration overview 2. Application Development 5 hrs Database application development: Accessing databases from Applications, JDBC, SQLJ, Stored
procedures Internet applications: HTML documents, XML documents, Three-tier application architecture, The middle-tier 3. Data Storage 5 hrs The memory hierarchy, Secondary storage, RAID, Disk space management, Disk failures,
Recovery from disk crashes 4. Index Structures 6 hrs Index on sequential files, Secondary indexes, B-trees, Hash tables, Overview of multi-dimensional
indexes 5. Query Execution 6 hrs Algebra for queries, Physical query plan operators, Nested-loop, Joins, Index based algorithms, Buffer management 6. The Query Compiler 2 hrs Parsing, Algebraic laws for improving query plans 7. Coping with System Failures 5 hrs Issues and models for resilient operation, Undo / Redo logging, Protection against media failures 8. Concurrency Control 6 hrs Serial and serializable schedules, Conflict serializability, Enforcing serializability by locks, Concurrency control by timestamps, Concurrency control by validation 9. Parallel and Distributed Databases 2 hrs Introduction, Architecture for parallel databases, Parallel query optimization, Distributed database architecture 10. Object Database Systems 1 hr 11. Deductive Databases 1 hr 12. Data Warehousing and Decision Support 1 hr
13. Data Mining 1 hr 14. Information Retrieval and XML Data 1 hr
15. Spatial Data Management 1 hr Reference Books:
1) R. Ramakrishnan, J. Gehrke, Database Management Systems, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill
2) Hector Garcia-Molina, Jeffrey D. Ullman, Jennifer Widom, Database System
Implementation, Pearson Education Asia, 2000
Laboratory Work: 1. Installing database software (Oracle/MSQL/MYSQL) and practice on
following topics: SQL Statements (DML, DDL, DTL and DCL)
SQL Clauses (WHERE, ORDER BY, GROUP BY, HAVING)
SQL Operators (Logical Operators, Comparison Operators, LIKE, IN, IS NULL,
BETWEEN....AND) SQL Integrity Constraints (Primary/Foreign/Unique Key Constraint,
Check/Not NULL Constraints)
Other SQL concepts (Aliases, Group Functions, JOINS, VIEWS, Sub-query, Index, GRANT,
REVOKE) 2. Analyze query plan in database 3. Query optimization (indexing, partitions, and parallelism)
4. Query in distributed database environments using concept of link server in
homogeneous and heterogeneous environments (e.g. query oracle tables from
MSSQL and vice versa)
5. Practice concurrency control and transaction management in database
Organizational Behavior & Human Resource Management Semester: I Full Marks: 100
Credit Hr: 4 Internal: 20 Final Exam: 80
Course Contents:
I. Human Resource Management (HRM)
1. Concept, roots, human resource management and personnel management, changing HRM
environmental forces, new mandate for human resource management, staff vs line function
in management, organization of HRM functions. 4Hrs
2. HRM system, international model of HRM, concept and framework for strategic HRM, line
management responsibility for HRM, HRM and organizational performance. 3Hrs
3. Job analysis and human resource planning: Concept, purposes of job analysis, collecting job
analysis information, methods of job analysis, concept of HR planning methods and
techniques of determining HR requirements. 5Hrs.
4. Recruitment, selection and socialization: concepts, sources and methods of recruitment,
selection and its process, socialization in organization. 5 Hrs
5. Training and development: Concept of training and development, determining training
needs, methods of training and development--on-the-job and off-the-job training
development, evaluation of training programs. 6 Hrs
6. Performance evaluation: concept and purposes, process, methods and feedback of evaluation.
3Hrs
7. Compensation: Concept, considerations, establishing pay plan, job evaluation system,
steps and methods, incentives and benefit system in organization. 4 Hrs
II. Organizational Behavior (OB)
1. Concept, importance and assumptions of OB, five conceptual anchors of organizational
behavior, emerging trends in organizational behavior. 3 Hrs
2. Understanding individual behavior: concept, behavior as an input output system, emotions,
beliefs, attitudes, values, needs, motives and behavior at work. 3 Hrs
3. Perception and personality: concepts, perceptual process, attribution theory and errors,
perception and decision making, personality traits and characteristics, personality ad behavior,
major personality attributes influencing organizational behavior. 5 Hrs
4. Motivation and job satisfaction: concepts, theories of motivation – hierarchy of needs,
hygiene- motivation theory, McClelland’s theory, equity theory, goal setting and reinforcement
theory. 5Hrs
5. Leadership: concept, perspective of leadership, emerging approaches of leadership. 2 Hrs
6. Groups in organization: concept, types of groups, group processes. 2 Hrs
7. Communication: concept, process and method, communication networks, barrier to effective
communication, current issues in communication. 3 Hrs
8. Conflict: Concept, types of conflicts, approaches to conflict management, resolving conflict.
2 Hrs
9. Organizational change and development: concepts, forces for change, strategy for managing
planned change, Lewin Force Field Model, resistance to change, reducing resistance and
approaches to managing change, organizational development interventions, objectives and
goals of organizational development, the organizational development process and
prerequisites to organizational development. 5 Hrs
Reference Books:
1. De Cenzo, D. & Robbins, S., Human Resource Management, Seventh Edition, Wiley 2. Arnold, H. J. & Fieldman, D. C., Organizational Behaviour, Tata McGraw Hill, India 3. Robbins, S., Organizational Behaviour, McMillan, India 4. Luthans, F., Organizational Behaviour, Tata McGraw Hill 5. Adhikari, D. R., Human Resource Management, Text & Cases, Manakamana Publication,
Kathmandu 6. Adhikari, D. R., Organisational Behaviour, Buddha Academy, Kathmandu 7. Agrawal, G. R., Dynamics of Human Resource Management, M. K. Publishing
Year: I Semester: II Subject
Code
Subject Name Credit Lecture Tutorial Lab Total
MCA121 Research Methodology 3 3 1 - 4 MCA122 Visual Programming Language & .Net
.NET 3 3 - 3 6
MCA123 Software Engineering 3 3 1 - 4 MCA124 Accounting & Financial Management
3 3 1 - 4
MCA 125 Electives 3 3 - -
MCA126 Project-I 3 - - 4 4 Total
Credits 18
Note: The syllabus of Elective subjects will be provided during the beginning of this semester.
Research Methodology
Semester: II Full Marks: 100 Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20
Final Exam: 80
General Objective:
State and explain the concept of research methods which can be applied to any research
studies.
Specific Objective:
Provide knowledge to the students about different type of research, their process and
applications. Familiarize the students with different types of data collection techniques and
their applications. Develop an understanding of ethical issues and required consideration for
their research studies. Provide skills for the selection of sampling technique, errors and
proper planning different sampling methods. Enable the research students in developing the most appropriate methodology for their research study.
Course Contents:
1. Introduction 4 Hrs Meaning
and Importance of Research, Classification of Research ,Research in Engineering Functions , The
Research Process, Research as a scientific Process, Issues governing Research Function, Listing
and description of Steps of research.
2. Research Design 4 Hrs
Meaning and Importance of Research Design, Classification of Research Design, The Research
Process, Variables, Hypothesis, Errors Affecting Research Design, Measurements and Scaling,
Reliability and validity test of research, Pilot test, field study, Issues Governing Research Design 3. Development of Research 9 Hrs
Selection of research topics, Research problem vs. research question, Meaning and Importance of
Research Proposal, Classification of Research Proposals, Components of a Research Proposal,
Manager-Researcher Contribution in Developing a Research Proposal, Evaluation a Research
Proposal, The Development of Research Issues Governing Proposal
4. Sampling Decisions 4 Hrs
Sampling Vs. Census, Sampling Techniques, Issues Governing Sampling Decisions 5. Data Collection Methods 8 Hrs
Meaning, Importance and Types of Data, Methods of Data Collection, Steps of Data processing
and Presentation, Various Methods of Data Collection 6. Data Reduction and Analysis 5 Hrs
Meaning and Importance of Data Reduction, Data Reduction Process, Selected Techniques of Data Analysis 7. Formatting the report 4 Hrs
Formatting a Report, Developing the Final Draft, Preparing for Citation and Referencing Making an Oral Presentation of a Report 8. Development of Research Proposal 3 Hrs Meaning and
Importance of research proposal ; the Development of Research Issues Governing Proposal;
Writing a research report- Developing an outline; Key elements of research proposal-
Objective, Introduction, Design or Rationale of work, Experimental Methods, Procedures,
Measurements, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, Referencing and various formats for reference
writing of books and research papers; Publications in Research journals 9. Socio-Ethical Issues in Research 4 Hrs
Issues governing Research Function, Incorporating Socio-Ethical Issues in Research Impact of Social Issues in Research
. Reference Books:
1. Cooper & Schindler (2004), Business Research Methods, New Delhi, Tata McGraw Hill
Publishing Co.
2. Best, John W., Research In Education, Prentice Hall of India,
New Delhi
3. Wolf Howard K. & P. R Pant, Social Science Research & Thesis Writing, Research
Division, Kirtipur
4. Goode William J. & Paul K. Hatt, Methods in Social Research, McGraw Hill
Kogakusha Ltd.
5. Kothari, C. R., Research Methodology, 2nd Revised Edition, New International
Publisher
Visual Programming Language & .Net Semester: II Full Marks: 100
Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20+20 Final Exam: 60
Course Objective: To develop an understanding of how to design an effective graphical user
interface (GUI), how to analyze a problem and design a program structure to solve the problem
using an event driven programming language, Visual Basic and Visual Basic .Net. Course Contents: 1. Introduction: Character based system, Graphical User Interface, Visual Programming, Visual Interface components, Event Driven Programming [3 hrs]
2. Models of Interface design: Conceptual model, Implementation model, the manifest model,
modeling from users point of view [3 hrs] 3. The Form: Interface paradigms (Metaphor, Idioms and branding, Affordances), Child forms
(Usage of window space, Windows pollution), Platform dependence (Development platform, Multi-
Platform development, Interoperability) [5 hrs] 4. User-Computer Interaction: Mouse (Indirect manipulation, Mouse events Focus and cursor
hints), Selection (Indicating selection, Insertion and replacement, Additive selection, Group
selection), Gizmos Manipulation (Repositioning, Resizing, Reshaping, Visual feedback of
manipulation), Drag and Drop (Source and target, Problems and solutions, Drag and Drop
mechanism) [6 hrs]
5. The Cast: Menu Design Issue (Drop Down menus, Pop-up menus, Hierarchy of menu), Menus
and its types (Standard menus, Optional menus, System menu, Menu item variation), Dialog
Boxes (Dialog box basics, Suspension of interaction, Modal and Modeless dialog boxes, Problems
in Modeless dialog boxes, Different types of dialog boxes), Dialog box conventions (Caption bar,
Attributes, Terminating dialog boxes, Expanding dialog boxes, Cascading dialog boxes), Toolbars
(Advantages over menus, Momentary button and latching button, Customizing toolbars) [6 hrs] 6. .Net Programming [22 hrs]
Language Syntax, Data types, operators, Conditional Statements, Control Structures Concept of OOP (E.g. class, objects, methods, properties, encapsulation, inheritance,
overloading) ASP. Net Controls and Presentation Techniques Working with Forms and Control
Validation
Controls Web Site Navigation, Menu and View Controls
Data Grid and Repeater Emailing Concepts
Error Handling, Debugging and Tracing ASP.NET
Application Managing State in ASP.NET Application Enhancing Web Sites using Master Pages and Theme
Deploying
Application Reference Books:
1. Alan Cooper, The Essential of User Interface Design, Comdex Computer Publishing 2. Evangelos Petroutsos, Mark Ridgeway, Visual Basic .NET Developer’s Handbook, BPB
Publications
3. Evangelos Petroutsos, Mastering Visual Basic 6, BPB Publications 4. Tony Gaddis, Kip Irvine, Bruce Denton, Starting Out With Visual Basic .NET
Programming, Dreamtech Press 5. Wiley,Beginning Visual C# 2008, Wrox 6. Fergal Grimes, Microsoft .Net for Programmers, (SPI) 7. Balagurusamy, Programming with C#, (TMH)
8. Mark Michaels, Essential C# 3.0: For .NET Framework 3.5, 2/e, Pearson Education
Software Engineering
Semester: II Full Marks: 100 Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20
Final Exam: 80
Course Objective: This course would provide students with an over view of software
engineering and would enable to understand and appreciate the following. Course Contents:
I. Introduction to Software Engineering 5 hrs
Need of software engineering, software vs. hardware characteristics, scope and ethical issues
Software Process Models: waterfall, spiral, prototyping, fourth generation techniques, win-win
spiral model, agile methodology
2. Software Requirement and Specification 5 hrs Requirement
elicitation (traditional and modern approach), requirements analysis modeling techniques,
functional and nonfunctional requirements, preparing a SRS document
3. Software Project Planning 8 hrs Objectives,
Decomposition Techniques: s/w sizing, problem based estimation, process based estimation,
Cost Estimation Models: COCOMO model, the software equation, System Analysis: principles
of structured analysis, risk analysis, requirement analysis, DFD, entity relationship diagram,
data dictionary
4. Software Design 5 hrs Objectives,
principles, concepts, design mythologies: data design, architecture design, procedural design,
object–oriented concepts
5. Software Quality Assurance 5 hrs Quality
concepts, software quality assurance activities, software reviews, formal technical reviews,
software reliability
6. Software Configuration Management 6 hrs Basic
concepts, SCM process, identification of objects in software configuration, version control,
change control, configuration audit, status reporting, SCM standards
7. Software Testing 6 hrs Objectives,
principles, testability, test cases: white box & black box testing, testing strategies: verification
& validation, unit test, integration testing, validation testing, system testing
8. Software Evolution 5 hrs Software
maintenance, characteristics of maintainable software, reengineering, legacy software, software
reuse
Reference Books:
1. Roger S. Pressman, “Software Engineering – A Practitioner’s Approach”, McGraw Hill 2. R. E. Fairly, “Software Engineering Concepts”, McGraw Hill 3. Sommerville I., “Software Engineering”, 6th Edition PEA
Accounting & Financial Management
Semester: II Full Marks: 100 Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20
Final Exam: 80 Course Objective: The objective of the course is to provide the students with an understanding of
the concepts, principles, and techniques of Accounting and Financial Management and their
application in real life situations. It specifically aims at imparting the students with necessary
knowledge and skills required for understanding accounting and making financial decisions.
Course Contents:
Nature of Financial Management, financial statements and cash flows, financial analysis, time
value of money, valuation of bonds, valuation of stocks, cost of capital, capital budgeting, working
capital management, and dividend policy. 1. Introduction of Accounting and Financial Management 3 Hrs
Meaning of accounting and finance, difference between finance and accounting, Importance of managerial finance, finance functions, finance in the organizational structure of the firm, goals of
the firm. 2. Financial Statements and Cash Flows 5 Hrs
Understanding financial statements: the balance sheet, the income statement, and analysis of cash flows. 3. Financial Analysis 5 Hrs Meaning of financial statement analysis, types and method of financial statement analysis. Financial ratio analysis: Liquidity ratios, efficiency ratios, profitability rations, activity ratio. 4. Time Value of Money 4 Hrs Meaning and importance of time value of money. Future value and compounding, present value and discounting, finding out the discount rate, finding out the number of periods, and amortization. 5. Valuation of Bonds 4 Hrs Meaning and nature of bond, key features of bond, financial asset valuation, valuation of bond, yield to maturity, current yield, capital gains yield, and semiannual bonds. 6. Valuation of Stocks 5 Hrs Features of common stock, common stock valuation, and normal growth, zero growth, and super normal growth, Corporation, valuation of preferred stock. 7. Cost of Capital 4 Hrs Cost of capital components, cost of debt, preferred stock, and equity, and weighted average cost of capital. 8. Capital Budgeting 6 Hrs Ranking investment proposals: payback, discounted payback, net present value, internal rate of return, and modified IRR. 9. Working Capital Management 5 Hrs Concept and importance of working capital, working capital cash flow cycle. 10. Dividend Policy 4 Hrs Dividend payments, payment procedure, factors influencing dividend policy, stock dividends, and stock splits.
Reference Books:
1. Radhe Shyam Pradhan, Financial Management, Buddha Academic Publishers, Kathmandu 2. Eugene F. Brigham, Louis C. Gapenski & Michael C. Ehrhardt, Financial Management:
Theory & Practice, Harcourt Asia PTE. Ltd., Delhi 3. James C., Van Horne, Financial Management & Policy, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi 4. Radhe S. Pradhan, Research in Nepalese Finance, Buddha Academic Publishers &
Distributors, Kathmandu
Kantipur City College
Putalisadak, Kathmandu Affiliated to Purbanchal University
School of Science and Technology
Year: II Semester: III
Note: The syllabus of Elective subjects will provide during the beginning of this semester.
Subject
Code
Subject Name Credit Lecture Tutorial Lab Total
MCA211 Optimization Technique 3 3 1 - 4
MCA212 Design & Analysis of Algorithm 3 3 1 - 4
MCA213 Software Project Management 3 3 1 - 4
MCA214 Marketing Management 3 3 1 - 4
MCA215 Elective-II 3
MCA216 Project-II 3 - - 4 4
Total Credits 18
Optimization Technique
Semester: III Full Marks: 100
Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20
Final Exam: 80
Course Objective: After completing this subject, students will be able to apply the concept of
linear programming, duality theory, assignment method, queuing theory, etc. to solve real life
business problems.
Course Contents:
1. The Linear Programming Problem [7 Hrs]
Introduction; Formulation of linear programming problem; Benefits and limitations of linear
programming; Graphical solutions to linear programming problem; Standard LP form and its
basic solutions; Simplex method; Artificial variable techniques: Two-phase method, Big-M
method.
2. Duality in Linear Programming [6 Hrs]
Concept of duality; Fundamental properties of duality; duality and simplex method; Dual-
simplex method.
3. Transportation Problem [7 Hrs]
Introduction; Mathematical formulation of transportation model; Transportation problem as a
linear programming problem; Finding initial basic feasible solutions: North-West corner, Least-
cost method, and Vogel’s approximation methods; Moving towards optimality; Degeneracy.
4. Assignment Problem [7 Hrs]
Introduction; Mathematical formulation of assignment model; Solution of assignment problem;
Multiple optimal solutions; Unbalanced assignment problem; Hungarian algorithm;
Maximization in assignment model; Restrictions on assignment.
5. Integer Linear Programming [7 Hrs]
Introduction; Gomory’s All - I.P.P. method; Construction of Gomory’s constraints; Fractional
Cut method - All integer; Fractional Cut method - Mixed integer; Branch and Bound method.
6. Queuing Theory [6 Hrs]
Introduction; Definition of terms in queuing model; Single infinite channels; Production model:
Multi-channel service infinite queue, Finite population model.
7. Project Management [5 Hrs]
Introduction to CPM and PERT; Basic differences between CPM and PERT; CPM/PERT
network components and precedence relationship; Critical path analysis: Forward pass method,
Backward pass method.
Reference Books:
1. "Operation Research", Kanti Swarup, P.K. Gupta, Man Mohan, Sultan Chand & Sons
2. "Operation Research – An Introduction", Hamdy A. Taha, Prentice Hall of India
3. "Operation Research – Theory & Applications", J. K. Sharma, Macmillan
Question Pattern:
Group-A: Long Answer-Type Questions: (Attempt 2 out of 3) [2×16=32]
Group-B: Short Answer-Type Questions: (Attempt 6 out of 8) [6×8=48]
Design & Analysis of Algorithm
Semester: III Full Marks: 100
Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20
Final Exam: 80
Course Objective: After completing this subject, students will be able to explore techniques for the
design and analysis of algorithms. This course covers the topics such as asymptotic analysis, divide
and conquer, greedy, dynamic, backtracking, number theory and introduction to NP-Complete
problems.
Course Contents:
1. Introduction: Definition of an algorithm, characteristics of an algorithm, asymptotic notations,
RAM model, common mathematical functions, introduction to algorithm design and analysis.
[3 Hrs]
2. Elementary Data Structures: Stacks, queues, tree, binary tree, linked list, graph, graph
representations. [4 Hrs]
3. Divide and Conquer: The general method, binary search, finding the maximum and minimum,
merge sort, quick sort, selection in worst case linear time. [7 Hrs]
4. The Greedy Method: The general method, Knapsack problem, job sequencing, minimum cost
spanning tree: Prim’s algorithm, Kruskal algorithm, single source shortest paths.
[6 Hrs]
5. Dynamic Programming: The general method, 0/1 Knapsack problem, matrix chain
multiplication, multistage graph, all pairs shortest paths, Traveling Salesman Problem.
[7 Hrs]
6. Backtracking: The general method, the 8-Queens problem, graph coloring, Knapsack problem.
[6 Hrs]
7. Number-Theoretic Algorithms: Elementary number-theoretic notions, greatest common
divisor, modular arithmetic, solving modular linear equations, the Chinese remainder theorem.
[6 Hrs]
8. NP-Completeness: Introduction to NP-complete problems, classes P and NP, Cook’s theorem,
coping intractability by approximation algorithms. [6 Hrs]
Reference Books:
1. "Introduction to Algorithms", Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest,
Clifford Stein, Prentice Hall of India
2. "Fundamental of Computer Algorithms", Ellis Horowitz, Sartaj Sahani, Sanguthevar
Rajasekaran, Galgotia
3. "Algorithms in C++", R. Sedgewick, Addison-Wesley
Question Pattern:
Group-A: Long Answer-Type Questions: (Attempt 2 out of 3) [2×16=32]
Group-B: Short Answer-Type Questions: (Attempt 6 out of 8) [6×8=48]
Software Project Management
Semester: III Full Marks: 100
Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20
Final Exam: 80
Course Objective: After accomplishing this course, students will be able to apply software project
management techniques.
Course Contents:
1. Introduction to Software Project Management [4 Hrs]
Introduction, projects and software projects, problems with software projects, project phases and
life cycle, ,management and management control, stakeholders, an overview of project planning.
2. Project Analysis [8 Hrs]
Introduction, strategic assessment, technical assessment, economic analysis: Present worth,
future worth, annual worth, internal rate of return (IRR) method, benefit-cost ratio analysis,
including uniform gradient cash flow and comparison of mutually exclusive alternatives.
3. Project Planning and Scheduling [8 Hrs]
Objectives of activity planning, Work breakdown structure, Bar chart, Network planning model:
Critical path method (CPM), Program evaluation and review technique (PERT), Precedence
diagramming method (PDM), Shortening project duration, Identifying critical activities.
4. Risk Management [3 Hrs]
Introduction, nature and identification of risk, risk analysis, evaluation of risk to the schedule
using Z-values.
5. Resource Allocation [3 Hrs]
Identifying resource requirements, resource allocation, resource smoothening and resource
balancing.
6. Monitoring and Control [4 Hrs]
Introduction, collecting data, visualizing progress, cost monitoring, earned value analysis, project
control.
7. Managing Contracts [3 Hrs]
Introduction, types of contract, negotiating a software contract, principles of software contract
management.
8. Organization Behavior and Personnel Management [5 Hrs]
Understanding behavior, recruitment, selection, training, motivation and motivation theories,
leadership and leadership styles, becoming a team, working in groups, decision making,
organizational structures.
9. Software Quality Management [4 Hrs]
Introduction, software reliability, software quality management system, ISO 9000.
10. Software Configuration Management [3 Hrs]
Introduction, need, basic configuration, management function, baseline, configuration
management responsibilities.
Reference Books:
1. "Software Project Management", Mike Cottrell, Bob Hughes, Inclination/Thomas Computer
Press
2. "Introduction to Software Project Management & Quality Assurance", Darrel Ince, I. Sharp, M.
Woodman, Tata McGraw Hill
3. "Software Project Management: A Unified Framework", Walker Royce, Addison-Wesley, An
Imprint of Pearson Education
4. "Managing the Software Process", Watts S. Humphrey, Addison-Wesley, An Imprint of Pearson
Education
5. "Engineering Economy", Willian G. Sullivan, James A. Bontadelli, Wkub M. Wicks, Pearson
Education Asia
6. "Project Planning & Control with PERT & CPM", B. C. Punmia, K. K. Khandelwal, Laxmi
Publications (P) Ltd.
Question Pattern:
Group-A: Long Answer-Type Questions: (Attempt 2 out of 3) [2×16=32]
Group-B: Short Answer-Type Questions: (Attempt 6 out of 8) [6×8=48]
MARKETING MANAGEMENT
Semester: III Full Marks: 100
Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20
Final Exam: 80
Course Objective: The objective of the course is to increase the knowledge and enhance the skills
to make relative to marketing decisions in the field of marketing by assessing and analyzing
marketing opportunities and designing appropriate marketing strategies in a dynamic and
competitive business environment.
Course Contents:
1.Marketing in Changing World Environment (4 Hrs)
Meaning of marketing; marketing tasks; marketing management; marketing management
philosophies; dynamism in business and marketing; marketing mix components and decision
areas in marketing; marketing environment; challenges in new millennium; social and ethical
issues of marketing management in the field of IT.
2.Marketing Research and Marketing Information System (3 Hrs)
Marketing research; marketing research process and areas; components of marketing
information system; new development in IT; database marketing.
3.Market Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning Strategy for Competitive Advantages
(5 Hrs)
Levels and patterns of market segmentation; segmentation of consumer and business markets;
evaluation and selection of market segments; product positioning strategies, concept and
application of unique selling proposition.
4. Consumer Market Behavior and Customer Analysis (3 Hrs)
Consumer buying behavior; buyer decision process; business market and business buyer
behavior; customer value, costs and satisfaction; cost of lost customer and customer retention;
customer relationship management; introduction to government marketing and service
marketing.
5. Dealing with Competition (3 Hrs)
Identification and analysis of competitors.
6.Market Analysis (3 Hrs) Market size; growth; profitability; cost structures; identification of key success factors.
7.Product Policy and New Product Development (5 Hrs)
Concept of product; classification of products; major product decisions; product line and
product mix; branding; packaging and labeling; product life cycle strategies; new product
development process; consumer adoption and diffusion of innovation processes; product line
and mix strategies; brand building and brand equity; service product management.
8.Pricing Strategies (3 Hrs)
Pricing policies and strategies; new product pricing; product mix pricing; price adjustment
strategies; initiating and responding to price changes in the market.
9.Distribution Channels and Physical Distribution Decisions (3 Hrs)
Marketing channel decisions; channel designs and selection; distribution nature and trends;
channel role, power, and conflicts.
10. Integrated Marketing Communication Strategies (5 Hrs)
Communication objectives; development of effective communication; communication mix:
advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, public relations, and direct marketing; selection
of promotion strategies.
11. Marketing Planning and Control (5 Hrs)
Strategic and tactical marketing plans; planning tools: BCG and GE matrix and portfolio
models; the planning process; feedback and control.
12. Paper Development and Presentation on Current Marketing Issues (3 Hrs)
Reference Books:
1. "Marketing Management", Philip Kotler, Pearson Education
2. "Strategic Market Management", David A. Aaker, John Wiley & Sons
3. "The Oxford Textbook of Marketing", Ketith Blois, Oxford University Press
Question Pattern:
Group-A: Long Answer-Type Questions: (Attempt 2 out of 3) [2×16=32]
Group-B: Short Answer-Type Questions: (Attempt 6 out of 8) [6×8=48]
Project-II
Semester: III Full Marks: 100
Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 60
Final Exam: 40
Course Objective: To design and complete the software project in any platform. On the completion
of the project, students will be able to develop small scale software using the concepts of system
analysis and design, software engineering and user interface design.
Course Contents:
There should be a total of 60 hours covering important features of any development platform that
students choose. A software development project will be assigned to students individually. A
relevant topic shall be identified and instructed to each student. Students must develop the assigned
software, submit written report, and give oral presentation.
General Procedure:
1. Topic Selection
2. Information Gathering
3. System Requirements and Specifications
4. Algorithms and Flowcharts
5. Coding
6. Implementation
7. Documentation
The project document shall include the following:
1. Technical description of the project
2. System aspect of the project
3. Project tasks and time-schedule
4. Project team members
5. Project supervisor
6. Implementation of the project
E-Governance
Elective-II Full Marks: 100
Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20
Final Exam: 80
Course Objective: This course provides the implementation and management of e-Government
from the technicalities of data flows and process mapping to the polices of e-government and also
provide the case studies of different countries.
Course Contents:
1. Introduction (3 Hrs)
e-Government and e-Governance, e-Government as information system, benefits of e-
Government, e-Government stages of development, online service delivery and electronic
service delivery.
2. Public-Private Partnership for e-Government (4 Hrs)
PPP Forms, Issues in PPP for e-Government, citizen-centric approach to e-Government.
3. ICT Infrastructure for e-Government (3 Hrs)
Network infrastructure, computing Infrastructure, data centers, e-Government architecture,
interoperability framework.
4. e-Government Readiness (4 Hrs)
e-Readiness framework, steps to e-Government readiness, issues in e-Government readiness.
5. Security for e-Government (5 Hrs)
Challenges of e-government security, an approach to security for e-Government, security
management model, e-Government security architecture, security standards.
6. Managing e-Government (8 Hrs)
Approaches to management of e-Government systems, e-Government strategy, managing public
data, managing issues for e-Government, emerging management issues for e-Government.
7. Implementing e-Government (8 Hrs)
e-Government system life cycle and project assessment, analysis of current reality, design of
new e-Government system, e-Government risk assessment and mitigation, e-Government
system construction, implementation and beyond, developing e-Government hybrids.
8. Case Studies and Applications of e-government system (10 Hrs)
Nepal: Cyber Laws, ICT development project, Government Integrated Data Center (GIDC),
e-Government master plan, Human resource management software.
India: Community information centers, e-Procurement in the government of Andhra
Pradesh, e-Suvida.
Other Countries: E-Government development in South Korea, e-Government in China, e-
Government in Brazil, Sri Lanka, Singapore, USA.
Reference Books:
1. "Implementing & Managing e-Government", Richard Heeks
2. "e-Governance: Concepts & Case Studies", C. S. R. Prabhu, Prentice Hall of India
3. "e-Government", J. Satyanarayana, Prentice Hall of India
Question Pattern:
Group-A: Long Answer-Type Questions: (Attempt 2 out of 3) [2×16=32]
Group-B: Short Answer-Type Questions: (Attempt 6 out of 8) [6×8=48]
Data Visualization
Elective-III Full Marks: 100
Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20+20
Final Exam: 60
Course Contents:
1. Introduction (3 Hrs)
a. What is Computer Graphics?
b. What is Computer visualization?
c. How is it different from traditional visualization technique?
d. Tools of the Trade
e. What can be achieved?
2. Graphics Hardware and Software (4 Hrs)
a. Input devices – keypad, mouse, trackball, joystick, etc…
b. Output devices
c. Resolution Issues
d. Software
e. Idea of Buffer
3. Graphics Primitives and Transformations (7 Hrs)
a. Concept of world, window and viewport
b. Incremental line scan-conversion algorithm
c. Line clipping using Cohen-Sutherland algorithm
d. Concept homogeneous co-ordinate system
e. Transformations – Scale, rotation, translation, mirror
4. Color and Light (5 Hrs)
a. Color as a medium for information
b. RGB, CMYK models of color
c. How color and light interact?
d. Light sources
5. Camera and Action (Animation) (5 Hrs)
a. Camera basics
b. Using camera effectively
c. Animation basics
6. Shading, Rendering (Ray-tracing and Ray-casting) (7 Hrs)
a. Phong, Gourard shadings
b. Theory of Ray-tracing
c. Theory of Ray-casting
d. Differences
e. Hybrids
f. Other rendering ideas
7. VTK, Paraview and Google Overview (14 Hrs)
a. Concept of film set – actors, light, camera, action
b. Concept of pipelines
c. Concept of OO graphics system
d. Individual introduction
e. A somewhat detailed explanation of VTK
f. Data and data modeling
g. Visualization basics(vtk primitives and vtk dataset types)
h. Visualization technique (contour, iso-surface, filters, and others)
i. Volume rendering (introduction, checkout)
Network Security & Cryptography
Elective-III Full Marks: 100
Credit Hr: 3 Internal: 20+20
Final Exam: 60
Course Contents:
1. Networking Fundamentals (4 Hrs) OSI reference model, TCP/IP reference model, guided and unguided media, sliding window
protocols, shortest path distance, vector routing.
2. Introduction to Network Security (3 Hrs) Attacks, services and mechanisms, security attacks, security services, a model for internet work
security.
3. Classical Encryption (4 Hrs) Conventional encryption model, Steganography, classical encryption techniques (substitution
and transposition).
4. Block Ciphers and DES (6 Hrs) Simplified DES, block cipher principles, data encryption standard, strength of DES, differential
and linear cryptanalysis, block cipher design principles.
5. Symmetric Ciphers (7 Hrs) Block cipher modes of operation, confidentiality using symmetric encryption, placement of
encryption function, traffic confidentiality, key distribution, random number generation.
6. Finite Fields (3 Hrs) Modular arithmetic, Euclidean algorithm.
7. Public Key Cryptography (3 Hrs) Principles of public key cryptography, RSA algorithm.
8. Key Management (3 Hrs) Key management, Diffie-Hellman key exchange.
9. Number Theory (4 Hrs) Prime numbers, Fermat's and Euler's theorems, testing for primality, the Chinese remainder
theorem, discrete logarithms.
10. IP and Web Security (4 Hrs) Overview of IP security, web security requirements, overview of secure sockets layer and
transport layer security.
11. Intruders and Malicious Software and firewalls (4 Hrs) Intruders, viruses and rotated threats, firewall design principles, trusted systems.
Reference Books:
1. "Cryptography & Network Security: Principles & Practices", William Stallings, Pearson Edition
2. "Computer Networks", Andrew S. Tanenbaum
3. "TCP/IP Protocol Suite", Behrouz A. Forouzan
Question Pattern:
Group-A: Long Answer-Type Questions: (Attempt 2 out of 3) [2×12=24]
Group-B: Short Answer-Type Questions: (Attempt 6 out of 8) [6×6=36]
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