DR. ASHOK SHARMAD.H.M.S. N.H.M.C.H. DLI M.D.(HOM)
CHIEF MEDICAL OFFICER
VIVEK VIHAR DISPENSARY
VIVEK VIHAR B – BLOCK DELHI - 95
DIRECTORATE OF I.S.M AND HOMOEOPATHY
G.N.C.T DELHI
E-MAIL: [email protected]
30.011.2013
LEARNING IS A PECULIAR “
TREE” ON WHICH GROWS
THE “FRUIT” KNOWN AS –
EDUCATION.
Knowledge is like a field and action is the sowing of seeds. So the conclusion is that while knowledge is limitless and transcends the flight of human thought, we should pick up the knowledge pertaining to our immediate needs and apply it into practice for , to derive full benefit.
RELATIONSHIP BEWEEN SOMA AND PSYCHE.
WHAT ARE PSYCHOSOMATIC DISORDERS.
HOW THEY ARE CLASSIFIED.
WHAT ARE THEIR CAUSES.
THEIR UNDERSTANDING FROM HOMOEOPATHIC POINT OF VIEW.
WHAT IS PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE
REFERENCES IN REPERTORY AND MAT.MED.
CASES.
Psychologically will is linked to
intentionality. Will has been
described as the mental agency
that transforms awareness and
knowledge into action, as the
bridge between desire and action.
“The progressive explorations of psychological and pathological science develop intimate bonds of union between mind and body hitherto undiscovered, and not even supposed to exist. The mind and body are inseparable, at least during life; they are mutually dependent for energy; the strength of the one is the power of the other; the weakness of one is the impotence of the other.”
Dr.Garth Wilkinson
Psychosomatic illness is any physical dysfunction
where the primary cause is emotional. All illnesses
can be psychosomatic because the body reflects our
mental, emotional and spiritual health.
The term psychosomatic refers to the connection between body and mind. Therefore a psychosomatic illness refers to a physical dysfunction that is primarily caused by some form of emotional and mental stress.
Traditionally , the medical profession has been
concerned with physical illness and has
concentrated research efforts on understanding the
organic factors in disease.
In psychopathology, on the other hand, interest has
centered primarily on uncovering the
psychological and emotional factors that led to the
development of mental disorders.
The interdisciplinary approach to all disorders-
which fits relevant biological, psychosocial, and
sociocultural data into a coherent picture- is
referred to as the psychosomatic approach.
Arousal of the negative emotions in
response to stress situation- nature of stress
and individual’s perception.
Failure of these emotions to be dealt with
adequately.
Response stereotype- the damaging effects
of chronic arousal becoming concentrated in
a specific organ.
Psychosphysiologic skin disorders-, etc. neurodermatosis,atopic
dermatitis eczema
Musculoskeletal disorders- backaches, muscular cramps, tension headache.
Respiratory disorders- bronchial asthma, hiccoughs, recurring bronchitis.
Gastrointestinal disorders- peptic ulcers, chronic gastritis, colitis.
Genitourinary disorders- menstrual disturbances etc.
Endocrine disorders- hyperthyroidism, obesity etc.
Organs of special senses- chronic conjunctivitis.
Other types- disturbances in the nervous system in which emotional
factors play a major role – multiple sclerosis.
BIOLOGICAL FACTORS PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS.
. Personality characteristics.
. Inadequate coping patterns.
. Kinds of stress.
. Interpersonal relationship.
SOCIOCULTURAL
FACTORS.
.Genetic .
. Differences in autonomic
activity.
. Somatic weakness.
. Alteration in
corticovisceral control
mechanism.
REACTION EQUATION CONNECTING
VARIOUS LEVELS OF ENERGY IN NATURE
THAT INFLUENCE HUMAN KIND
Function Structure Chemistry
Positive Space/Time
energy
Negative Space/Time
energy.Mind
Spirit Divine
- William A. Tiller
Department of Material Science and
Engineering
Stanford University.
COMPARISON BETWEEN THE
TWO
CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM HOMOEOPATHIC SYSTEM
• Deals directly with chemical
and structural components of
the body .
• It can be classed as an
objective medicine and thus
has much laboratory
evidence.
.
• Deals indirectly with the
chemistry and structure of the
physical body by dealing
directly with the substance
and energy at the next more
subtle level.
• It can be classed as
subjective medicine as it
deals with energy that can
strongly perturbed by the
mental and emotional activity
of the individual.
Three general group of patients-
. With comorbid psychiatric and general medical
illnesses complicating each other.
. With somatoform and functional disorders.
. With psychiatric disorders that are direct
consequence of a primary medical condition
or treatment.
. In OPD practice we witness tremendous diversity of emotional and behavioral responses to illness.
. Clinical experience and research demonstrates that illness variable such as severity, chronicity or organ system involvement cannot predict an individual’s response to any given medical illness.
. Rather, it is in the realm of the individual’s subjective experience of an illness that can begin to understand his or her emotional and behavioral responses.
. Concepts of stress.
. Personality types.
. Coping strategies.. Defense mechanisms.
Theoretical model of stress process
“The dynamic organization within the
individual of those psychophysical systems
that determine his characteristic behavior
and thought.” It sees as an organization
within the individual.
Gordon Allport.
Most patients do not fit into one type but may exhibit
characteristics of a number of personality types.
Personality type is ignored because of the current
emphasis on biological treatment.
Dependent
Obsessional
Histrionic
Masochistic
Paranoid
Narcissistic
Schizoid
Can be defined as “ thoughts and behaviors that the person uses to manage or alter the problem that is causing distress( problem-focused coping) and regulate the emotional response to the problem ( emotion- focused coping).”
Confronting coping
Distancing coping
Self controlling
Seeking social support
Accepting responsibilities
escape avoiding
Planful problem solving
illness as challenge
illness as an enemy
Illness as punishment
illness as weakness
illness as relief
illness as strategy
illness as irreparable loss or damage
illness as value.
Defense mechanisms are automatic processes by
which the mind confronts a threat or conflict
between a wish and the demands of reality or the
dictates of conscience.
ASPECTS OF DEFENSE MECHANISM
. Defenses are generally outside of awareness of the
individual or unconscious.
. Defenses by nature distort inner and outer reality.
. Defense can appear strange or overt to the observer while
going unnoticed by the subject.
. Defense are creative.
. Defenses involve psychological conflict.
. Defense are adaptive and are not at all pathological.
A central task of a physician working with the
medically ill is-
To understand patient’s subjective experiences.
In order to design therapeutic intervention that:
. Modulate the patient’s behavioral and emotional
responses.
. Decrease their distress and
. Improve their medical out comes.
CASES
That there is no royal road to a perfect
understanding of Materia Medica. It is at its worst
a tedious drudgery. It seems and appears to be
very fascinating and yet an exasperating subject.
No other system of therapeutics possesses such a
large number of books on Materia Medica. Each
author has tried to present the drugs as he
understood them. One can only imagine the plight
of a homoeopath.
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K.No (41) Excitement swallows continually
while talking.
• K.No. (51) Grief condition about his.
• K.No. (15) Confusion talking while.
• K.No. (79) Sensitive rudeness to.
• K.No. (55) Indignation bad effects following.
STAPHISGARIA.
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79
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80
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Extravagance- K.No(41)
Excitement- thinking of the things others
have done to displease her. K.No.(40).
Ammonium .Carb.
82
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83
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84
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85
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86
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87
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88
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89
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90
91
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92
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Obstinate – against whatever proposed she had the queerest objection. K.No(69)
Talks- one subject . K.No.(87)
Undertakes- nothing, lest he fails.K.no(91)
Delusions- succeed, that he cannot does everything wrong. K.No.(33)
Fear- undertaking anything. K.No(47)
ARG.NIT.
94
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95
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96
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97
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98
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112
113
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114
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115
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116
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117
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118
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119
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Do not confuse the instrument with
the user of the instrument. The
instrument is the brain; the user
of the instrument is the infinite
Being expressing itself in different
disguises.
Thank You
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