Convent• Christian community under monastic vows, especially one of nuns

Monastic• Monks, nuns, or others living under religious vows, or the buildings in

which they live

Papacy/Papal• The office or authority of the pope

John Calvin• Led a powerful Protestant group whose doctrine stated God had

predetermined an ultimate destiny for all people

Counter-Reformation• Another name for the Catholic Reformation, church reforming its

doctrine in an attempt to sway back supporters of the Protestant Reformation

Society of Jesuits• Founded by Ignatius Loyola, practices self-control and moderation,

prayer and good works led to salvation

Martin Luther• Started the Protestant Reformation, believed salvation was given

through grace directly by God

Protestant Reformation• A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to

reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches

Council of Trent• Series of meetings held by church officials to clarify the Church's

position on important religious questions

The Index• A list of banned heretical works

Indulgences• A piece of paper that the faithful could purchase reduce time in

purgatory (there they would expiate their sins and then be allowed into heaven).

The Vatican• The residence of the Catholic Pope in the Vatican City