Proposal for Post-2015 Sanitation Water and Hygiene Goal
Eddy Perez, JMP sanitation working group
Slide 2
The Post 2015 Targets:Fundamental considerations
The Post 2015 Targets: Core principles
Progressively reducing inequalities between:– Rich and poor; urban and rural; slums and formal settlements; disadvantaged
groups and the general population
Levels of service– Not just gaining access but moving ‘up the service ladder’
Settings beyond the household– Schools and Health Centers
Sustainability– Affordability, accountability, and financial and environmental sustainability
MDG Post-2015
Halve proportion without Universal basic access
Households HouseholdsSchoolsHealth facilities
- Halve proportion without safely managed
- Progressively eliminate inequalities in access between-Poor and rich-Rural and urban-Slums and formal urban settlements-Disadvantaged groups and general pop
Post-2015 WASH Targets and Indicators: recommendations from international consultations
What is new for Water Supply for Post 2015
MDG Post-2015
% pop using ‘improved source’
% pop using improved source with total collection 30mins or less for roundtrip including queuing
% pop using improved source on premises which delivers sufficient water to meet domestic needs, meets WHO guideline values for E.coli, fluoride and arsenic,
Post-2015 WASH Targets and Indicators: recommendations from international consultations
Target IndicatorsWhat is new for Water Supply for Post 2015
Slide 5
Overall Sanitation Goal
• Everyone uses improved sanitation at home
• 50% of fecal sludge from households, schools and health facilities are safely managed
• Inequalties in access have been progressively reduced
Slide 6
What is New about Post 2015 Sanitation Goal?
An equal partner with Water!
Explicit focus on the poor
Explicit focus on Stopping Open Defecation
Shared sanitation will count
Safe Management of Fecal Sludge – especially for urban poor
Sustainability of sanitation services, facilities and behaviors
Going beyond households to schools and health facilities
Slide 7
What does this mean for how sanitation programs are designed and implemented?
Slide 8
19901992
19941996
19982000
20022004
20062008
20102012
20142016
20182020
20222024
20262028
20302032
20342036
20382040
20422044
20462048
20502052
20542056
20582060
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%2.0%/year
216 million people per year needs to gain access to improved sanitation in order to reach universal access by 2030
Source: WSP analysis based on JMP 2013 estimates
0.72%/year
Universal Access Goal
Globally JMP says that on average, 89 million additional people gain access per year
At this rate based on historical trends, universal access will not be reached until 2063
Target 1: By 2025 no one practices open defecationChanging Community-Wide Behaviors and Social Norms
India
Community-Led Total Sanitation
Behavior Change Communications
+
•Facilitator triggering•Community Ignition
•Formative Research•Mass Media•Community Events•Household visits
An integrated programmatic approach to change community and household behaviors and
increase access and use of sanitation facilities
Slide 11
Target 2: By 2030 all schools and health centres provide all users with adequate sanitation facilities
Slide 12
Target 3: By 2030*, everyone uses adequate sanitation at home
If Business as Usual Continues
WC tosewer
On-site facility
Open defecation
Left to overflow
or abandoned
Safely emptied
Unsafely emptied
Leakage
Effectively treated
Illegally dumped
Not effectively
treated
9%69% 9% 9%
2%
1%
98%
TreatmentReuse/
disposalTransportEmptyingContainment
2%
Residential environment
Drainage system
Receiving waters
1%
Target 4: By 2030*, unsafe excreta management is improved by 50%
Dhaka: population of 7 million = 3.2 million kilos of feces/day
Slide 15
Target 5: All sanitation services are delivered in a progressively affordable, accountable, financially and environmentally sustainable manner.
Slide 16
Hygienic disposal of the stools of children under 5
Lao PDR* Cambodia Timor-Leste Philippines Vietnam* Indonesia0
20
40
60
80
100
UnsafeSafe
Feces Disposal of Rural Children Under Five*Source: Loas MICS/DHS11-12, Cambodia DHS10, Timor-Leste DHS09-10, Philippines DHS08, Vietnam MICS10-11, Indonesia DHS12.Notes: Data not available for Papua New Guinea, and Myanmar *Data for Vietnam and Laos refers to children aged 0-2 years.
Slide 17
Slide 18
75 million rural individuals in EAP were defecating in the Open in 2011
241 227 308 794 1,860
2,671
3,076
5,735
7,904
10,103
41,694
Other EAP countriesMongoliaTimor-LestePapua New GuineaLao People's Democratic RepublicMyanmarViet NamPhilippinesCambodiaChinaIndonesia
Target 1: By 2025 no one practices open defecation
Slide 19
Population Access to Sanitation in CambodiaAlmost 10 million people do not have improved sanitation
10 millionwith out Access to improvedSanitation
Slide 20
Improved Sanitation in Cambodia – NATIONALAn average of 660 thousand people need to gain access
every year to sanitation to reach target by 2030
Source: WSP analysis based on JMP2014 //www.wssinfo.org/data-estimates/table/
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
2024
2026
2028
2030
2032
2034
2036
2038
2040
2042
2044
2046
2048
2050
2052
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Current Rate of Sanitation Improvement(1.55%)
Rate of Sanitation Improvement if Accelerated an Additional 2% (3.55%)
Sanitation MDG Target for 2015
Universal Coverage Target for 2030
Through systemic strengthening of the policy and sector enabling environment and improving service deliv-ery, rates of access for improved sanitation can be accelerated.
1.55%/year will reach 100% by 2060(business as usual)
3.55%/year to reach by 2030
Slide 21
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
2024
2026
2028
2030
2032
2034
2036
2038
2040
2042
2044
2046
2048
2050
2052
2054
2056
2058
2060
2062
2064
2066
2068
2070
2072
2074
2076
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Current Rate of Sanitation Improvement(1.16%)Rate of Sanitation Improvement if Accelerated an Additional 3%(4.16%)Universal Coverage
Through systemic strengthening of the policy and sector enabling environment and improving service deliv-ery, rates of access for improved sanitation can be accelerated.
1.6%per/year to reach 1005 by 2075Business as usual
Improved Sanitation in Cambodia – RURAL
Source: WSP analysis based on JMP2014 //www.wssinfo.org/data-estimates/table/
4.16%/year to reach by 2030
Sanitation in Cambodia
Source: analysis of Cambodia DHS10
Poorest 2nd 3rd 4th Richest0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1 11
30
73
97
1
2
3
3
1
98 87
67
24
1
Sanitation coverage, Cambodia 2010
Open Defecation Unimproved
Improved
% o
f the
pop
ulati
on
2%
98%
Among poorest 40%
Urban
Rural
5.6 million people
Extreme poverty data (as of 2010) and linkage with shared prosperity
Boliv
ia
Haiti
Hond
uras
Nica
ragu
a
Peru
Cam
bodi
a
Indo
nesia
LaoP
DR
Mya
nmar
Papu
a Ne
w G
uine
a
Phili
ppin
es
Tim
or-L
este
Viet
nam
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
EAP and LAC
Benin
Burkina F
aso
Congo Braz
aville DRC
Ethiopia
Kenya
Liberi
aNige
r
Seneg
al
Sierra
Leone
Somali
a
South Su
dan
Tanzan
ia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbab
we
Bangla
desh India
Pakist
an0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
SSA & SAR
Slide 24
Trends in coverage and equality in rural sanitation – East Asia
-10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
-60%
-50%
-40%
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
Philippines
Indonesia
Vietnam
Laos
Cambodia
equality
Increasing coverage Increasing equality
Increasing coverage Decreasing equalityRe
ducti
on in
B40
% v
s T60
% in
equa
lity
(per
cent
age
poin
ts)
Change in coverage with improved sanitation (percentage points)
Rural sanitation
%P increase in coverage*
%P reduction in inequity#
Philippines 24% 4%Indonesia 22% 0%Vietnam 36% -16%Laos 38% -50%
Cambodia 25% -16%Timor-Leste -6% insufficient dataMyanmar 29% insufficient data
*Source: Cambodia DHS05&10; Indonesia DHS02-3,07,12; Laos MICS00,06,12; Philippines DHS03&08; Vietnam MICS00,06,11; #Source: JMP2014
coverage
Annual growth in access to rural sanitation at B40:
Cambodia
2% of people at the B40 had access to rural sanitation in 2014
currently
To reach target need:
0%/year
6.1%/year
20052010
20112012
20132014
20152016
20172018
20192020
20212022
20232024
20252026
20272028
20292030
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
5.6 million people who are in the poorest 40% need to gain access by 2030
Slide 26
New World Bank Dashboard: Visualize Inequality
Picture
Slide 27
Cambodia – management of children’s feces
Slide 28
Slide 29
Stopping Business As Usual Through systemic strengthening of the policy and sector enabling environment and
improving service delivery, rates of access for improved sanitation can be accelerated.
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