Project Management Tools
MHA 6350
Dr. Burton
How Hillary looks upon a crook vs. how Hillary looks upon an American hero:
Tools
• GANTT Charts
• PERT/CPM
GANTT CHARTS
• Developed by Charles Gantt in 1917.• The layout of a Gantt Chart uses
information in columns on the left of a matrix to identify tasks, task managers, duration and in some cases cost.
• To the right of each task in the matrix is a bar that denotes to duration of the task.
• Project management software employs Gantt charts.
Project: Constructing a Home
Task (Activity)
(a) Excavating
(b) Pour Foundation
c) Outside Plumbing
(d) Framing
(e) Inside Plumbing
(f) Wiring
(g) Roofing
(h) Brickwork
(i) Plumbing Inspection
(j) Shingling
(k) Cover Walls
(l) Interior Finishing
(m) Exterior Finishing
(n) Landscaping
Project: Constructing a HomeTask (Activity) Preceding
ActivityExpected time to complete
(a) Excavating -- 5 days
(b) Pour Foundation a 2
c) Outside Plumbing a 6
(d) Framing b 12
(e) Inside Plumbing d 10
(f) Wiring d 9
(g) Roofing d 5
(h) Brickwork b 9
(i) Plumbing Inspection c, e 1
(j) Shingling g 2
(k) Cover Walls f, i, j 3
(l) Interior Finishing k 9
(m) Exterior Finishing h, g 7
(n) Landscaping m 8
Project: Constructing a HomeTask (Activity)
(a) Excavating
(b) Pour Foundation
c) Outside Plumbing
(d) Framing
(e) Inside Plumbing
(f) Wiring
(g) Roofing
(h) Brickwork
(i) Plumbing Inspection
(j) Shingling
(k) Cover Walls
(l) Interior Finishing
(m) Exterior Finishing
(n) Landscaping
10/5 10/10 10/15 10/20 10/25 10/30 11/4 11/9 11/14 11/19 11/24 11/29
Examples Linkshttp://www.smartdraw.com/examples/view/index.aspx?catID=.Examples.SmartDraw.Gantt_Charts%2c_Project_Charts_%26_Timelines.Gantt_Charts
http://www.ganttchart.com/
13-28
1
3
4
5
6
2
12
3
4
5
7
1110
8
9
6
7
8 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Program Evaluation and Review Technique(PERT)
May also be referred to as:
Critical Path Method (CPM)
Developed in the late 50s by the Navy.Was used the Polaris program for submarined launched ballistic missiles.Originally adopted by the Department of Defense for large projects.Later was adopted by construction industry.
PERT uses work groupings called activities.Activities are measured in time.Each activity is represented by an arrow.
Project: Constructing a Home
Task (Activity) Preceding Activity Expected time to complete
(a) Excavating -- 5 days
(b) Pour Foundation a 2
c) Outside Plumbing a 6
(d) Framing b 12
(e) Inside Plumbing d 10
(f) Wiring d 9
(g) Roofing d 5
(h) Brickwork b 9
(i) Plumbing Inspection c, e 1
(j) Shingling g 2
(k) Cover Walls f, i, j 3
(l) Interior Finishing k 9
(m) Exterior Finishing h, g 7
(n) Landscaping m 8
3 4
5
6
2 8
7
1
9
10 11
Outside plumbing
Source: Lapin, 1994
Start
aExcavating
A PERT network for constructing a home.
Inside plumbing
Plumbing inspection
FINISH
bFoundation
dFraming
fWiring
kWalls
lInteriorFinish
h 9
Brickwork
Roof- ing
Landscaping
ExteriorFinishing 7 m
0
j 2
Shingling
n 8
5 2 12 9 3 9
c 6
e 10
i 1
g 5
3 4
5
6
2 8
7
1
9
10 11
Outside plumbing
Source: Lapin, 1994
Start
aExcavating
A PERT network for constructing a home.
Inside plumbing
Plumbing inspection
FINISH
bFoundation
dFraming
fWiring
kWalls
lInteriorFinish
h 9
Brickwork
Roof- ing
Landscaping
ExteriorFinishing 7 m
0
j 2
Shingling
n 8
5 2 12 9 3 9
c 6
e 10
i 1
g 5
Dummy Activity
3 4
5
6
2 8
7
1
9
10 11
Outside plumbing
Source: Lapin, 1994
Start
aExcavating
A PERT network for constructing a home.
Inside plumbing
Plumbing inspection
FINISH
bFoundation
dFraming
fWiring
kWalls
lInteriorFinish
h 9
Brickwork
Roof- ing
Landscaping
ExteriorFinishing 7 m
0
j 2
Shingling
n 8
5 2 12 9 3 9
c 6
e 10
i 1
g 5
0
5
29
7 19
11TE Earliest Possible Event Time
3 4
5
6
2 8
7
1
9
10 11
Outside plumbing
Source: Lapin, 1994
Start
aExcavating
A PERT network for constructing a home.
Inside plumbing
Plumbing inspection
FINISH
bFoundation
dFraming
fWiring
kWalls
lInteriorFinish
h 9
Brickwork
Roof- ing
Landscaping
ExteriorFinishing 7 m
0
j 2
Shingling
n 8
5 2 12 9 3 9
c 6
e 10
i 1
g 5
0
5
29
7 19 30
24
2826
3 4
5
6
2 8
7
1
9
10 11
Outside plumbing
Source: Lapin, 1994
Start
aExcavating
A PERT network for constructing a home.
Inside plumbing
Plumbing inspection
FINISH
bFoundation
dFraming
fWiring
kWalls
lInteriorFinish
h 9
Brickwork
Roof- ing
Landscaping
ExteriorFinishing 7 m
0
j 2
Shingling
n 8
5 2 12 9 3 9
c 6
e 10
i 1
g 5
0
5
42
7 19 30
24
1624
31
33
39
Project: Constructing a HomeTask (Activity) Preceding Activity Expected time to complete
(a) Excavating -- 5 days
(b) Pour Foundation a 2
c) Outside Plumbing a 6
(d) Framing b 12
(e) Inside Plumbing d 10
(f) Wiring d 9
(g) Roofing d 5
(h) Brickwork b 9
(i) Plumbing Inspection c, e 1
(j) Shingling g 2
(k) Cover Walls f, i, j 3
(l) Interior Finishing k 9
(m) Exterior Finishing h, g 7
(n) Landscaping m 8
FINISH TOTAL 42 days
3 4
5
6
2 8
7
1
9
10 11
Outside plumbing
Source: Lapin, 1994
Start
aExcavating
A PERT network for constructing a home.
Inside plumbing
Plumbing inspection
FINISH
bFoundation
dFraming
fWiring
kWalls
lInteriorFinish
h 9
BrickworkRoof- ing
Landscaping
ExteriorFinishing 7 m
0
j 2 Shingling
n 8
5 2 12 9 3 9
c 6
e 10
i 1
g 5
0
5
29
7 19
24
24
31
30 33
42
CRITICAL PATH 29
TL Latest Allowable Event Times
42
Backwards PassSubtract each activity from succeeding TLWhere event is beginning pointfor more than one activity use the smallest difference.
33301975
0
34
27
27
3 4
5
6
2 8
7
1
9
10 11
Outside plumbing
Source: Lapin, 1994
Start
aExcavating
A PERT network for constructing a home.
Inside plumbing
Plumbing inspection
FINISH
bFoundation
dFraming
fWiring
kWalls
lInteriorFinish
h 9
BrickworkRoof- ing
Landscaping
ExteriorFinishing 7 m
0
j 2 Shingling
n 8
5 2 12 9 3 9
c 6
e 10
i 1
g 5
0
5
29
719
24
24
31
30 3342
CRITICAL PATH29
Event Slack Times = TL - TE
423330
197
5
0
34
27
27TL
3
TE
3
3
000
0
0
00
0
Planning and ControlActivity Scheduling
• ES=Early Start Time = TE for preceding event.
• EF=Early Finishing Time = ES + t
• LF=Late Finishing Time = TL for succeeding event.
• LS=Late Start Time = LF - t
Limits for Scheduling
(a) Excavating 5 0 0 5 5
(b) Pour Foundation 2 5 5 7 7
c) Outside Plumbing 6 5 23 11 29
(d) Framing 12 7 7 19 19
(e) Inside Plumbing 10 19 19 29 29
(f) Wiring 9 19 21 28 30
(g) Roofing 5 19 22 24 27
(h) Brickwork 9 7 18 16 27
(i) Plumbing Inspection 1 29 29 30 30
(j) Shingling 2 24 28 26 30
(k) Cover Walls 3 30 30 33 33
(l) Interior Finishing 9 33 33 42 42
(m) Exterior Finishing 7 24 27 31 34
(n) Landscaping 8 31 34 39 42
Activity t
Starting Times Finishing Times ES LS EF LF Preceding TE LF – t ES + t Succeeding TL
Activity Slack time = LF - EF.
(a) Excavating 5 5 0
(b) Pour Foundation 7 7 0
c) Outside Plumbing 29 11 18
(d) Framing 19 19 0
(e) Inside Plumbing 29 29 0
(f) Wiring 30 28 2
(g) Roofing 27 24 3
(h) Brickwork 27 16 11
(i) Plumbing Inspection 30 30 0
(j) Shingling 30 26 4
(k) Cover Walls 33 33 0
(l) Interior Finishing 42 42 0
(m) Exterior Finishing 34 31 3
(n) Landscaping 42 39 3
Activity
Finishing Time
Activity Slack TimeLF EF
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