Privacy and Education in the Internet Age
Cliff LandisHonors Freshman Seminar
Fall 2013
Cliff gets a phone call…
FERPA to the rescue!
http://www.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/index.html
You only have the rights that you know you have and that you know how to use and enforce.
Who is this guy?
• Web Services Librarian @ Georgia State University
• Author, A Social Networking Primer for Librarians (2010)
• Researcher on the intersection of human culture and technology
THE SLIDING SCALE: PRIVACY VS CONVENIENCE
PRIVACY
What do we mean by privacy?
http://thosecrazyliberals.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/fourthamendment.jpg
Mr. Otis regrets… general warrants
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:James_Otis.jpg
Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis
“the right to be let alone”Harvard Law Review Dec. 15, 1890, on "The Right to Privacy."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brandeisl.jpg
USA PATRIOT Act• Uniting (and) Strengthening America (by) Providing Appropriate
Tools Required (to) Intercept (and) Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001.• Includes:
– Title I: Enhancing domestic security against terrorism– Title II: Surveillance procedures– Title III: Anti-money-laundering to prevent terrorism– Title IV: Border security– Title V: Removing obstacles to investigating terrorism– Title VI: Victims and families of victims of terrorism– Title VII: Increased information sharing for critical infrastructure
protection– Title VIII: Terrorism criminal law– Title IX: Improved Intelligence– Title X: Miscellaneous
USA PATRIOT Act• Criticisms Include:
– authorization of indefinite detentions of immigrants; – the permission given law enforcement officers to search a home or
business without the owner’s or the occupant’s consent or knowledge; – the expanded use of National Security Letters, which allows the Federal
Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to search telephone, e-mail, and financial records without a court order; and
– the expanded access of law enforcement agencies to business records, including library and financial records
• On May 26, 2011, President Barack Obama signed the PATRIOT Sunsets Extension Act of 2011, a four-year extension of three key provisions in the USA PATRIOT Act: roving wiretaps, searches of business records (the "library records provision"), and conducting surveillance of "lone wolves"—individuals suspected of terrorist-related activities not linked to terrorist groups
BIG DATA
The Stacks
• “In 2012 it made less and less sense to talk about “the Internet,” “the PC business,” “telephones,” “Silicon Valley,” or “the media,” and much more sense to just study Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft. These big five American vertically organized silos are re-making the world in their image.”
-- Bruce Sterling
http://images.smh.com.au/2010/05/14/1450513/zuckerberg420-420x0.jpg
http://i.huffpost.com/gen/161782/FACEBOOK-PRIVACY.jpg
http://allfacebook.com/infographic-the-history-of-facebooks-privacy-changes_b116292
http://allfacebook.com/infographic-the-history-of-facebooks-privacy-changes_b116292
http://i.i.cbsi.com/cnwk.1d/i/tim/2012/07/19/Harris_III_privacy_charts__final_7.17.12_Slide_1_Grocery,_Amazon,_more_trusted_than_FB_610x452.jpg
How many of you own an e-book that you purchased from Amazon.com?
BIG EDUCATION
Learning Analytics
http://public.tableausoftware.com/static/images/Te/TestScoresOverTime/School-LevelEvaluation/1_rss.png
Who enforces privacy?
WASHINGTON - February 1, 2010 -- The U.S. Education Department has fired the top federal official charged with protecting student privacy, in what the dismissed official says was a conflict with the agency's political leaders over their zeal to encourage the collection of data about students' academic performance.
http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2010/02/01/ferpa
Risky cloud computing• Unsuitable Privacy Policies: "Cloud providers may deliberately or
inadvertently force schools to accept policies or terms of service that authorize user profiling and online behavioral advertising."
• Poor Consent Policies: "Some cloud privacy policies...stipulate that individual data subjects (students) are also bound by these policies, even when these subjects have not had the opportunity to grant or withhold their consent."
• Commercial Data Mining: "It may be difficult for the cloud provider to turn off [ad-supported user profiling features and tracking algorithms] even when ads are not being served."
• Shady Contracts: "Some cloud providers leave the door open to future imposition of online advertising as a condition for allowing schools to continue receiving cloud services for free."
http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/DigitalEducation/2013/09/cloud_computing_jeopardizes_st.html
All it takes is one person
http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2013/6/23/1372015020195/Edward-Snowden-008.jpg
SURVEILLANCE
Surveillance
monitoring of the behavior, activities, or other changing information, usually of people for the purpose of influencing, managing, directing, or protecting them
Lyon, David. 2007. Surveillance Studies: An Overview. Cambridge: Polity Press.
http://crapaganda.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/surveillance_big.gif
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QGxNyaXfJsA
Robbins v. Lower Merion School District
http://media.nbcphiladelphia.com/images/722*542/Webcamgate-photo.jpg
Sousveillance
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SurveillanceSousveillanceLifeGloggingMannSensecamMemoto.jpg
THE INTERNET
Privacy concerns are growing• The study reported that privacy concerns among Americans are
on the rise, with 50 per cent of internet users saying they are worried about the information available about them online, up from 33 per cent in 2009.
• Meanwhile, 86 per cent of people surveyed have tried at least one technique to hide their activity online or avoid being tracked, such as clearing cookies or their browser history or using encryption.
• While trying to avoid snooping - at least in some circumstances - is now commonplace, people cite varying reasons for doing so. About one-third said they had tried to conceal their activity from hackers or criminals, while 28 per cent have tried to block advertisers. Others said they wanted to keep information private from family members or spouses, employers or the government.
http://www.theaustralian.com.au/higher-education/us-study-exposes-internet-privacy-fears/story-e6frgcjx-1226712002951
http://xkcd.com/1269/
Anonymity Online
http://peterblogs.de/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/VPN-Lock.png
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Tor-logo-2011-flat.svg/306px-Tor-logo-2011-flat.svg.png
https://drupal.org/files/project-images/proxy.png
THE SLIDING SCALE: PRIVACY VS CONVENIENCE
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Z9ZRKB-gihM/TXv0-_EsIGI/AAAAAAAAAPI/yRfPpubDBWE/s1600/convenience_vs_privacy_tension.jpg
CONTROLLING YOUR PRIVACY
Chose what you show the world
http://www.flickr.com/photos/95572727@N00/216941152
Multiple accounts
http://www.iatsmartdial.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Clones.jpg
Know your audience
http://www.flickr.com/photos/71214885@N00/2093047797
If you tell it to one other person, it is no longer private
http://www.flickr.com/photos/20722444@N00/224674200
Manage your privacy settings
http://www.flickr.com/photos/47691521@N07/4638981545
Watch out for changes to the TOShttp://www.tosback.org/timeline.php
http://tosdr.org/
Stalk yourself
For the truly paranoid…
http://www.magnet.fsu.edu/education/tutorials/tools/images/faradaycage.gif