Federal AviationAdministration
Aeronautical Mobile Airport Communications System
(AeroMACS) Status Briefing
Presentation to WG-W/4Montreal, Canada
Presented by: Brent Phillips; FAA Date: Sept 14 - 16, 2011
2
Background
• Future Communications Study (AP-17), ICAO Aeronautical Communications Panel, Recommendation #1:
– Develop a new system based on the IEEE 802.16e standard operating in the C-band and supporting the airport surface environment.
• NextGen Implementation Plan (FY09, FY10 & FY11) to improve collaborative Air Traffic Management includes “New ATM Requirements: Future Communications”
– Concepts of use, preliminary requirements, and architecture for C-band airport surface wireless communication system
– Test bed infrastructure to enable validation of aviation profile
2
AMACS-002rev1
CY 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Communication Roadmap (1 of 4)
LDRCL
RCL
BWM
DMN
NADIN PSN
FTI-1
ANICS
NADIN MSN
SW
IMT
elec
om
Su
pp
ort
ing
Act
ivit
ies
SWIM-Core Services
ASTI
NMR
FID74
FID129
CRDR217JARD
496
IID497
Note: Fixed User Ground Communications as a component of a Mobile User Communications Network
NASA R&D onairport vehicles(with ADS-B out)surface location
Inventory NavigationTime and Frequency
Requirements and Assess GPS Outage Impact
345
Approved
FTI-2
X
X
X
X
X
X214
215
SWIM Segmt. 3SWIM Segmt. 2SWIM Segmt. 1
X25 Service DiscontinuedUsers transferred to FTI IP
102
130
AirportWireless
CommunicationSystem
FID498
216
Airport WirelessCommunications
System (R&D Effort)
344
AMACS-002rev1
CY 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Communication Roadmap (1 of 4)
LDRCL
RCL
BWM
DMN
NADIN PSN
FTI-1
ANICS
NADIN MSN
SW
IMT
elec
om
Su
pp
ort
ing
Act
ivit
ies
SWIM-Core Services
ASTI
NMR
FID74
FID129
CRDR217JARD
496
IID497
Note: Fixed User Ground Communications as a component of a Mobile User Communications Network
NASA R&D onairport vehicles(with ADS-B out)surface location
Inventory NavigationTime and Frequency
Requirements and Assess GPS Outage Impact
345
Approved
FTI-2
X
X
X
X
X
X214
215
SWIM Segmt. 3SWIM Segmt. 2SWIM Segmt. 1
X25 Service DiscontinuedUsers transferred to FTI IP
102
130
AirportWireless
CommunicationSystem
FID498
216
Airport WirelessCommunications
System (R&D Effort)
344
Common Shortlist
Continental
B-AMCP34/TIA-902LDL AMACS
B-AMCP34/TIA-902
LDLAMACS
Continental
Oceanic /Remote
Inmarsat SBBCustom Satellite
Inmarsat SBBCustom Satellite
Oceanic /Remote
Airport IEEE 802.16e IEEE 802.16e Airport
EuropeUnitedStates
CustomSatellite
AMACS-001rev1
Common Shortlist
Continental
B-AMCP34/TIA-902LDL AMACS
B-AMCP34/TIA-902
LDLAMACS
Continental
Oceanic /Remote
Inmarsat SBBCustom Satellite
Inmarsat SBBCustom Satellite
Oceanic /Remote
Airport IEEE 802.16e IEEE 802.16e Airport
EuropeUnitedStates
CustomSatellite
AMACS-001rev1
C-band Datalink Recommendations
Develop airport surface system based on IEEE 802.16e standard
[A1.1] Identify the portions of the IEEE standard best suited for airport surface wireless communications, identify and develop any missing functionality and propose an aviation specific standard to appropriate standardisation bodies;
[A1.2] Evaluate and validate the performance of the aviation specific standard to support wireless mobile communications networks operating in the relevant airport surface environments through trials and test bed development;
[A1.3] Propose a channelization methodology for allocation of safety and regularity of flight services in the band to accommodate a range of airport classes, configurations and operational requirements;
[A0.4] Complete business analysis in relation to the FCI components and implementation from the perspective of the ground infrastructure and the airlines.
A I R T R A F F I C O R G A N I Z A T I O N A I R T R A F F I C O R G A N I Z A T I O N
2007 World Radiocommunications Conference Decision
The WRC-07 approved adding an AM(R)S allocation for 5091-5150 MHz to the International Table of Frequency Allocations
Removed prior limitation in so-called MLS Extension Band for “support of navigation/surveillance functions”
AM(R)S designation for safety and regularity of flight applications
No interference allowed with other occupants in the band: non-GEO satellite feeder links and aeronautical telemetry
Protected allocation enables ICAO to develop international standards for airport mobile (i.e., wheels in contact) surface wireless communications networks that include fixed assets
Ideal for airport surface wireless network with short range (~10 km or less sector coverage) and high data throughput (10s of Mb/s)
The WRC-12 will consider adding an AM(R)S allocation in the 5000-5030 MHz band
A I R T R A F F I C O R G A N I Z A T I O N A I R T R A F F I C O R G A N I Z A T I O N
Potential AeroMACS Service Categories in U.S.
55
A ir Traffic C ontro lA dvisory Services
M obile
Surface C N SServices
Fixed
Air Traffic
A O C ServicesA A C ServicesA dvisory Services
M obile
TB D
Fixed
Airline
Port A uthority O psSafety Services
M obile
Port A uthority O psSecurity Services
Fixed
Airport
Potential AeroMACS Services
• ARINC, SITA, Airlines, Others? • Port Authority, Commercial?• FAA, FTI, Others?
AeroMACS Service Examples and Provision Options
6
C-Band Research Description – FY09
Develop ConUse, requirements, and architecture for the C-Band airport surface wireless communications system
Conduct supporting system analyses (e.g. high-level safety, interference, wireless security, risk assessment)
Develop detailed system designs based on IEEE 802.16 standards
Establish an operational capability in NextGen CNS Test Bed to characterize the performance and conduct services demos/trials
Develop test and demo plans and execute those plans to establish baseline performance as point of departure for proposed aeronautical services modifications
Develop initial recommendations for joint RTCA/EUROCAE standards activities and provide support to new RTCA SC, and propose methods to validate standards in follow-on tasks
AeroMACS FY10 Evaluations
• Measure data throughput and packet integrity for the following conditions:– 5 and 10 MHz channel bandwidths– Stationary and mobile subscriber stations at speeds of at least 40 knots– Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and Non-LOS (N-LOS) propagation links– Presence of adjacent channel activity
• Mobility tests with hand-off transition between base station coverage sectors and between base stations
• Determine minimum transmit power required to maintain a minimum level of link performance:– Single subscriber station antenna– MIMO antenna diversity
• Characterize link performance when transferring sensor data from MLAT sensors in test bed– Mixture of data traffic streams– Traffic priority setting with Quality of Service (QoS) settings
AeroMACS NASA-CLE CNS Test Bed
• ITT’s AeroMACS prototype implements features required to support mobile and stationary wideband communications for safety and regularity of flight services in an operational airport environment
• Full prototype network has been installed, including user verification and security with Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) server function
• AeroMACS hardware and network installation completed in October 2009 with two multi-sector base stations providing wide area coverage and redundancy (one on Glenn property, one on CLE) and eight subscriber stations (two on Glenn, six on CLE)
• AeroMACS operational capability established in March 2010
9
NASA-Cleveland Test Bed AeroMACS Network Layout
10
AZ = 55° °
AZ = 200°
AZ = 295° AZ = 45°
AZ = 185°
Cleveland-Hopkins International Airport
NASA GlennResearch Center
SubscriberStations
Base Stations
CoreServer
11
Two-Sector Base Station Located at NASA Glenn Hangar Building 4
BTS 1-1 ODU BTS 1-2 ODU
GPS ODU GPS ODU
11 GHz Backhaul ODU
12
Three-Sector Base Station Located at CLE Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting (ARFF) Building
ARFF Building and Observation Deck
GPS ODUs
BS ODUs (3)
11 GHz Data Backhaulto B110
Subscriber Station Installation Example on Sensis MLAT Equipment at NASA Glenn Building 500
13
ITT AeroMACSSubscriber Station
ODU
ITT AeroMACSSubscriber Station
Electronics Enclosure
Sensis Multilateration
MLAT Remote UnitEquipment
Funded Research Activities in FY11
• Evaluate selected ATC mobile applications on the aeronautical mobile airport communications system (AeroMACS)
• Investigate and resolve remaining issues affecting the final AeroMACS profile inputs to the MOPS process
Evaluate and recommend mobile Source Station (SS) MIMO antenna configurations for mobile SSs
Optimize AeroMACS system-level performance (QoS, data throughput, latency, error rate) within ITU limitations on radiated power
Resolve channel BW and center frequency spacing plans to satisfy US and European objectives while preserving Spectrum Office flexibility and compatibility with WiMAX Forum practices
Validate that the proposed AeroMACS complies with interference requirements for the US proposed allocation at World Radiocommunications Conference in 2012.
14
RTCA SC-223
• RTCA Program Management Council approved SC-223 in July 2009 for Airport Surface Wireless Communications standard development
– Aeronautical Mobile Airport Communications System (AeroMACS) profile is based on IEEE 802.16-2009 standard
– Working in close collaboration with EUROCAE WG-82 to develop joint profile and MOPS documents.
– Engaged industry participation for their perspectives:
Honeywell (Co-Lead) and Rockwell Collins, avionics providers
ITT (Co-Lead) and Harris, service providers
Boeing, aircraft manufacturer
– Draft AeroMACS profile complete. Document through Final Recommendations and Comments (FRAC). Presented to PMC 28 Sept. 2011 for formal approval.
– Minimum Operational Performance Standard (MOPS) process began in February 2011.
– Next RTCA SC-223/EUROCAE WG-82 Meeting:
– 11-13 October in Langen, Germany
15
16
Approach for Technical Parameter Profile
• System profile define AeroMACS operation in the unique airport surface environment
• Profile based on IEEE 802.16-2009 broadband mobility standard
• Leverages commercial mobile Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) for profiles, hardware, software, and network architecture
• Testing, analyses, and demos will validate that application needs are met
• RTCA SC-223 is developing FAA profile recommendations; EUROCAE WG-82 is developing common profile for EUROCONTROL in parallel
Profile Area Key Parameter Selections
RF/Radio parametersFrequency bandChannel BWsChannel center
frequencies
5091 to 5150 MHz
5, 10 MHz
Center frequencies at 5 MHz
increments
Power classMax DL TX powerMax UL TX power
Unchanged from IEEE
802.16e
Duplex ModeTDD/FDD TDD
Physical LayerM-ary QAM rangeCoding options MIMO
Performance profiles – Min.
performance defined in
802.16e and sensitivity
values scaled for frequency
MAC LayerARQSecurity protocolsMobile protocols QoS options
Unchanged from IEEE
802.16e
Pending FAA/SJU Coordination Plan
Coordination Plan 4.4: Data-Link Technology
– The U.S/FAA and EU/SESAR Joint Undertaking (SJU) have established a Memorandum of Cooperations for Civil Aviation R&D.
• Annex 1 is for NextGen-SESAR Harmonization
– “Eurocontrol/Nikos Fistas and FAA/Brent Phillips are the leads for the Data Link Technology Plan under the Communications, Navigation, Surveillance (CNS) & Airborne Interoperability Portfolio.
• CP 4.4 actions include agreement on:
– LDACS Technology at the ICAO Level
– Updated AMSRS SARPs at the ICAO Level
– AeroMACS Standards including ICAO SARPs
– AeroMACS Cockpit Architecture
– Authentication and Authorizaton functionalities to ensure Global Hramonization
– Functionalities of a flexible Airborne Architiecture
– Conduct the research and technology development based on the ICAO endorsed findings and recommendations of AP-17: Future Communications Study (FCS)
17
C-Band Research Description – FY12
Assess requirements for data service segregation and reliable delivery of ATC and AOC AeroMACS applications identified by the RCTA SC-223 Ad Hoc User Services and Applications Survey working group.
Investigate secure and reliable methods for Private Key Management and synchronization across all AAA AeroMACS sites, including the responsibility for generating initial PKM certificates and dissemination across the AeroMACS system
Support the development of the AeroMACS Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPS) document in ICAO ACP Working Group S through validation and analysis.
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