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Workshop on Internet Technologies
NAPOLEON S.Team Lead Tech Support / QA
FatPipe Networks India Ltd
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Country skill Rankings (NASSCOM)
IT DatabaseIT DatabaseDevelopmentDevelopmentandand
AdministrationAdministration
RDBMSRDBMSConceptsConcepts
SQL (ANSI)SQL (ANSI)FundamentalsFundamentals
MS SQL ServerMS SQL Server20002000ProgrammingProgramming
DB2DB2ProgrammingProgramming
Oracle PL/SQLOracle PL/SQL
India 48%India 48%
USA 22%USA 22%
Romania 4%Romania 4%
RussianRussian
Federation 3%Federation 3%
Ukraine 3%Ukraine 3%
India 60%India 60%
USA 14%USA 14%
RussianRussian
Federation 5%Federation 5%
Ukraine 5%Ukraine 5%
Romania 3%Romania 3%
India 33%India 33%
USA 32%USA 32%
Romania 7%Romania 7%
RussianRussian
Federation 5%Federation 5%
Ukraine 4%Ukraine 4%
India 71%India 71%
USA 18%USA 18%
Philippines 1%Philippines 1%
Romania 1%Romania 1%
United KingdomUnited Kingdom
(Great Britain)(Great Britain)
1%1%
India 50%India 50%
USA 20%USA 20%
RussianRussian
Federation 5%Federation 5%
Romania 3%Romania 3%
United KingdomUnited Kingdom
(Great Britain) 3%(Great Britain) 3%
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Country skill Rankings (NASSCOM)
ITITprogrammingprogrammingandand
DevelopmentDevelopment
C#C# Software TestingSoftware Testing C++C++ Java 2Java 2FundamentalsFundamentals
.Net Framework.Net Framework
USA 29%USA 29%
India 22%India 22%RussianRussianFederationFederation9%9%Ukraine 8%Ukraine 8%UnitedUnitedKingdomKingdom
(Great(GreatBritain) 6%Britain) 6%
India 71%India 71%
USA 11%USA 11%Ukraine 4%Ukraine 4%Belarus 2%Belarus 2%Pakistan 1%Pakistan 1%
India 22%India 22%
USA 20%USA 20%RussianRussianFederation 17%Federation 17%Ukraine 10%Ukraine 10%United KingdomUnited Kingdom(Great Britain) 6%(Great Britain) 6%
India 58%India 58%
USA 14%USA 14%RussianRussianFederation 5%Federation 5%Ukraine 4%Ukraine 4%Romania 3%Romania 3%
India 47%India 47%
USA 19%USA 19%RussianRussianFederation 6%Federation 6%Ukraine 6%Ukraine 6%Romania 5%Romania 5%
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Country skill Rankings (NASSCOM)
IT systems andIT systems andNetworkNetworkAdministrationAdministration
LinuxLinuxAdministrationAdministration(General)(General)
MS WindowsMS WindowsServer 2003Server 2003AdministrationAdministration
NetworkingNetworkingConceptsConcepts
UnixUnixAdministrationAdministration(Solaris 9)(Solaris 9)
InformationInformationTechnologyTechnologySecuritySecurity
FundamentalsFundamentals
USA 22%USA 22%
India 16%India 16%RussianRussianFederation 9%Federation 9%Ukraine 7%Ukraine 7%Romania 6%Romania 6%
USA 37%USA 37%
India 19%India 19%RussianRussianFederation 6%Federation 6%Ukraine 4%Ukraine 4%Romania 3%Romania 3%
USA 34%USA 34%
India 17%India 17%Ukraine 6%Ukraine 6%RussianRussianFederation 5%Federation 5%United KingdomUnited Kingdom(Great Britain)(Great Britain)
4%4%
India 37%India 37%
USA 27%USA 27%RussianRussianFederation 5%Federation 5%Canada 3%Canada 3%United KingdomUnited Kingdom(Great Britain)(Great Britain)
3%3%
USA 33%USA 33%
India 12%India 12%Ukraine 6%Ukraine 6%Poland 5%Poland 5%RussianRussianFederation 4%Federation 4%
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Computer Networking -What?
A group of computers and devices
interconnected by communications channelsthat facilitate communications among users
and allows users to share resources.
Wired Networks
Wireless Networks
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ComputerCommunication -How?
Channel
Protocol Connection
method
Address
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Communication Types
Unicast
Multicast
Broadcast
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Wired Networks (Ethernet Basics)
Intended RecipientSender
Intended RecipientSender
Intended RecipientSender
Intended RecipientSender
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Ethernet
CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access
Collision Detection
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Enterprise Redundant Network
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Data Centre Structured cabling
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Wireless Networks (Wi Fi)
CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access
Collision Avoidance
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Typical wireless Campus Network
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Wired Vs Wireless
Installation Moderate difficulty easier, but beware
interferenceCost Less High
Reliability High Un-reliable
Performance Very High Limited
Mobility Limited Outstanding
Security Secured Signals can be
easily intercepted
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IPv4: -192.168.0.1/24(xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxxx)
IPv4 uses 32-bit (4-byte) addresses, which limitsthe address space to 429,49,67,296 (2^32)possible unique addresses.
Private IP Addresses, Public IP Addresses.
IPv4 Address Shortage News:http://www.networkworld.com/news/2010/061710-ipv4-addresses.html
[ The remaining pool of unallocated IPv4 addresses could be depleted early asDecember due to unprecedented levels of broadband and wireless adoption intheAsia Pacific region, experts say. ]
IP Addressing
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IPv4 Address
Class First Octet
Bits
First Octet
Range
Usage Private IP Address
Range
A 0xxxxxxx 1 - 127 Global 10.0.0.0-
10.255.255.255 (/8)
B 10xxxxxx 128 - 191 Global 172.16.0.0-
172.31.255.255 (/16)
C 110xxxxx 192 223 Global 192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255 (/24)
D 1110xxxx 224 239 Multicast
E 1111xxxx 240 255 Research
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IPv6 Addressing:
IPv6: -3ffe:0501:0000:0000:0260:0000:fe40:efab/64.
3ffe:0501::0260:0000:fe40:efab/64 3ffe:0501::0260:0:fe40:efab/64
3ffe:501:260:0:fe40:efab/64
The address size is increased from 32 to 128
bits.
340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,76
8,211,456 Address space.
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ARP Address Resolution Protocol
ARP is a protocol used by the Internet protocol,
to map IP address to the hardware addressesused by a data link protocol.
ARP Table:
Internet Address Physical Address Type
10.2.0.1 00-1b-21-5b-e5-be dynamic
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LAB:1 (IP Addressing / ARP)
Configure a PC with IP Address. Verify the Communication between PCs using
PING Command.
Verify the ARP table
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DHCP: Dynamic Host ConfigurationProtocol
The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
(DHCP) is an Internet protocol for automatingthe configuration of computers that use
TCP/IP. DHCP can be used to automatically
assign IP addresses.
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Message Description
Discover A client broadcasts to recognize servers.Offer Server responds with proposal of parameters.
Request The client broadcasts to the preferable server.
An implicit deny to others.
Ack The server assigns an IP Address.
Nak The server rejects the request from the client.
Decline The client found a problem with assigned IP
Address.
Release The client returns the assigned address before
its lease expires.
DHCP Message Type
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LAB:2 (DHCP)
Configure a DHCP server on the firewall.
Connect clients to obtain IP Address fromDHCP Server.
Use ipconfig /release, ipconfig /renew
command to see if the clients are able to
release their lease and renew.
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IP Routing:
IP Routing is used to determine the path that
data follows in order to travel across multiplenetworks from its source to its destination.
Routes packets from one Network to another
Network.
Static or Dynamic.
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Routing -Multiple Hops
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LAB 3: IP Routing
Trace route to www.google.com to see multiple
hops. Configure a linux system as a router, and verify
how routing works.
Enable and Disable the routing and verify the
Routing Operations. Do tcpdump and see how packet is routed.
Verify the routing tables.
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NAT: Network Address Translation
Mapping one set of IP Addresses for internal
traffic to a second set of addresses for externaltraffic.
Shortage of Public IP Addresses.
Private IP Addresses are not routable over
internet.
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NAT - PAT
Source NAT: Translation of the source IP
address and/or source port is called source NATorSNAT
Destination NAT: Translation of the destination
IP address and/or destination port number is calleddestination NAT orDNAT
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LAB 4: (NAT - PAT)
Configure a Firewall with Private IP address on
LAN and Public IP Address on WAN and checkhow the traffic from LAN network is NAT ed by
Default on WAN.
Policy based NAT: Configure an Inbound orOutbound policy and see how SNAT and
DNAT works.
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OSI Layers: Open System
Interconnection
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OSI Layers
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LAB 5: (OSI Layers Explained)
Connect to www.news.google.com
Explain how OSI model integration occurswhile browsing a web site.
Use Netstat, ipconfig, sessiontab to
demonstrate the OSI integration.
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DNS: Domain Name Service
An Internet service that translates Domain
names into IP addresses. Because domainnames are alphabetic, they're easier to
remember while IP addresses are numeric.
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LAB 6: DNS Cache on Local system
ipconfig /displaydns, ipconfig /flushdns.
Hosts file lookup Lookup to a DNS Server, nslookup for
www.google.com and www.rediff.com
Explain the purpose of multiple IP Address for
a single domain.
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LAB 7: DNS Record Creation
Configure DNS Records for a Domain.
do nslookup and explain how DNS lookup andload Balancing works.
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LAB 8: Web ServerConfiguration
Configure an web server using IIS and build a
sample web site and download some samplefiles. (http://www.weightlossforall.com/). Do
tcpdump and see how HTTP transfer works.
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LAB 9: FTP serverConfiguration
Configure an FTP server using IIS and build a
sample FTP site. ftp.weightlossforall.com
Explain Active FTP, Passive FTP file transfer.
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VPN: Virtual Private Network
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VPN:
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VPN: A typical Network Setup
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VPN : A typical VPN Setup
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VPN: What is VPN?
A virtual private network (VPN) is a networkthat uses a public telecommunicationinfrastructure, such as the Internet, to provideremote offices or individual users with secureaccess to their organization's network.
Adds security to the communication byencrypting the actual data traffic at the sendingside and decrypting at the receiving end.
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VPN: How VPN(IPSec) Works?
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LAB 10: VPN(IPSec) Configuration
Configure a VPN tunnel and explain how
phase1 and phase2 is established.
Use tcpdump to verify the encapsulated secure
payload(ESP) added to the traffic.
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Summary: Workshop on Network
Technologies
Network Types.
IP Addressing, ARP. IP Routing, NAT - PAT.
DHCP, DNS.
OSI Layers. Web Server, FTP Server.
VPN Encryption.
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Workshop on Internet Technologies
Questions
??
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Thank You!