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PHILIPPINE EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
26 May 2010
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HISTORY
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Pre-Spanish
Reading, (W)riting, (A)rithmetic
Rituals and ceremonies
Apprenticeship at home, or incommunity centers
Supervised by parents, elders, Babaylan
and Katalonan Alibata as the alphabet
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ALIBATA is a segmental writing system
that uses consonant-vowel
combinations. Each letter represents a
consonant accompanied by a specificvowel. Each character, written in its
basic form, is a consonant ending with avowel A. For producing consonants
that ends with the other vowel sound, a
mark is placed either above the
consonant (to produce an E or I
sound) or below the consonant (to
produce an O or U sound). Thissystem originated from India.
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SPANISH COLONIZATION (1521-
1898) Elementary, secondary and collegiate level
Priests as teachers
Dissemination of information aboutCatholicism
Primary instruction: free and compulsory.
Education inadequate, suppressed, andcontrolled
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American colonization
(1898-1940s) Public school system
English language as medium of instruction
Reading, writing, arithmetic, language, goodmanners and right conduct, civics, hygiene
and sanitation, gardening, domestic science,
American History and Philippine History
American textbooks and reading materialswere the only educational materials used
Technical/ vocational skills wereemphasized
and Grade seven was included.
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Japanese occupation(1941-
1945) Nothing much was changed
Use of Japanese language in the schools
Filipino children went to school to learnJapanese songs & games
Institutions of higher learning giving courses
in agriculture, medicine, fisheries andengineering wereestablished.
Tagalog, Philippine History, and Character
Education was reserved for Filipinos.
Love for work and dignity of labor was
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Japanese occupation(1941-
1945) Nothing much was changed
Use of Japanese language in the schools
Filipino children went to school to learnJapanese songs & games
Institutions of higher learning giving courses
in agriculture, medicine, fisheries andengineering wereestablished.
Tagalog, Philippine History, and Character
Education was reserved for Filipinos.
Love for work and dignity of labor was
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STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION
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EDUCATION
Formal Education (Public or Private)
Basic education of 10 years
Collegeeducation usually 4 years Non-Formal Education
organized school-based educational activitiesaimed at attaining specific learning objectives for
a particular clientele, especially the illiterateadults and out-of-school youths
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Classes in Philippine schools start in June and
end in March.
Colleges and universities follow the semestralcalendar from June-October and November-March.
Some private schools in the tertiary leveloffer tri-semesters.
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FORMAL EDUCATION
13-16
7-12
3-6
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PRE-SCHOOL
Optional
curriculum focuses on
Physical development Personal-social development
Affective development
Cognitive development
Creative-aesthetic development
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Area of development Activities No. of minutes
Communication skills and socio-emotional development
Sharing period (experiences,songs, poems, news and
informal conversation
10
Cognitive development, socio-
emotional development, physical
development, creative development
Self-selected activities 20
Cognitive development, socio-
emotional development
Working period, including
more structured activities
45-60
Physical development, creative
development, socio-emotional
development
Supervised outdoor paly 30
Personal-social development, health
care
Clean up and snack 30
Physical development Rest 15
Any of the areas of development Story time or indoor activities 15
Total minutes 165-180
Sampleprogrammeofpre-schoolactivities
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ELEMENTARY
compulsory ; pupils aged 7-12
6 years of study except in a few schools
mainly privateoffering a seven-year course two levels: primary (Grades I-IV) and
intermediate (Grades V and VI (or VII))
Mission ofelementary education : to enablepupils to acquire a basic preparation that willmake them an enlightened, disciplined, self-
reliant, God-loving, creative, versatile and
productive citizens in a national community.
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Learning area Weekly time allocated to each subject (in minutes)
I II III IV VI VII
Filipino 400 400 400 300 300 300
English 500 500 500 400 400 400
Science (1) - - 200 300 300 300
Mathematics 400 400 400 300 300 300
Makabayan: (2) 300 300 300 500 600 600 Civics and culture 300 300 300 - - -
Social studies (3) - - - 200 200 200
Home economics
and livelihood
- - - 200 200 200
Values education, good
manners and right conduct(5)
Total weekly minutes 1,600 1,600 1,800 1,800 1,900 1,900
Elementaryeducation:sampleweeklylessontimetable
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TheNational Elementary Achievement Test(NEAT) is an achievement test given to Grade
VI pupils completing theelementaryeducation course.
Students at theelementary level are annually
promoted from one grade to the nextprovided that they meet the achievement
standards set for the grade.
In Grades I-VI, students are rated in every
subject four times during the year. Acumulative rating system is used as the basis
for promotion. The pass grade is 75 percent.
The periodic ratings are reported to the
students and their arents throu h an
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SECONDARY
Continuation of the basic education providedat the first level
Expanded to include learning (general
education) and training in basic employableskills (vocational/technical education)
Four years of formal schooling and is
addressed to students aged 13-16 Prerequisite is completion ofelementary
education.
The major subject areas are science,
mathematics, technology, Filipino, English,
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I II III IV
Filipino language 300 300 300 300
English language 300 300 300 300
Science and technology (1) 300 300 300 300
Mathematics 300 300 300 300
Makabayan: (2) 780 780 780 780
Social studies (3) 240 240 240 240
Home economics,
agriculture & fisheries,
industrial arts, and
entrepreneurship
240 240 240 240
Music, arts, physical
education and health
240 240 240 240
Values education (4) 60 60 60 60
Total weekly minutes 1,980 1,980 1,980 1,980
Subject Weekly time allocated to each subject(in minutes)
Secondaryeducation:sampleweeklylessontimetable
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Secondary school students are rated four
times a year. If a student fails in a particularsubject, he or she repeats the subject the nextyear, but is, nevertheless, promoted to the
next higher year.
A certificate is issued to secondary schoolgraduates.
All high school graduates seeking admission
to post-secondary programmes requiring aminimum of four years study are required toqualify in theNational College Entrance
Examination (NCEE) administered by the
National Educational Testing and Research
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TERTIARY
A student enters at age 16
Higher education consists of collegiate,
masters and doctorate degree programs invarious fields or disciplines including the post-secondary schooling leading to one-, two- or
three-year non-degree technical or
vocational courses.
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Degrees and Diplomas for
Undergraduate Level Certificate, Diploma and Associate Programs
These titles are awarded upon completion ofprograms requiring 3 months to 3 years of study.
These are non-degree technical or vocationaleducation programs leading to skills proficiencywhich are mostly terminal in nature. Some one-,two-, and three-year courses are components ofladder-typebachelors degree programs.
Bachelors Degree (Bachelor (B.), Bachelor of
Arts (A.B.), Bachelor of Science (B.S.))
These titles are awarded upon completion of a
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Degrees and Diplomas for
Graduate Level Certificate and Diploma Programs
These titles are awarded upon completion of one
or two years of study beyond the bachelorsdegreewhich are not equivalent to a mastersdegree.
Masters degree (Master (M.), Master of Arts
(M.A.), Master of Science (M.S.), Master ofProfessional Studies (M.P.S.)
These titles normally requires completion of foursemesters of course work, about two years induration. Some masters programs require a
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Fields of Study
Agriculture Education
Business and Management Education
Engineering and Architecture Health Profession Education
Humanities, Social Sciences and
Communication Information Technology
Maritime Education
Science and Mathematics
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Study Programs
The minimum required total number ofcredits units for four-year bachelors degree
programs ranges from 120 to about 190 units.
For graduate programs, the minimumnumber of credit units are as follows:
Masters program = 30 - 36 units (24 to 30 units ofcoursework, inclusive of required common core
subjects of about 12 units, plus additional 6 unitsfor thesis)
Doctoral program = 45 - 60 units (inclusive ofrequired common core subjects of 12 units or
more and 12 units of doctoral dissertation)
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Duration
of Study
Course programs Minimum number of
years
Undergraduate
Science and Mathematics 4
Humanities, Social Sciences andCommunication
4
Information Technology 4
Health-Related 4-5
Medicine (4 yrs. baccalaureate + 4 yrs proper) 8
Veterinary Medicine 6
Dentistry (2 years pre-dental plus 4 years
proper)
6
Engineering and Architecture 5
Marine Engineering 4
Business and Management 4
Agriculture Education 4
Teacher Education 4
Law (4 yrs. baccalaureate + 4 yrs. proper) 8
Criminology 4
Graduate
Masters program 2
Doctoral program 3
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Grading SystemLetter Meaning Grade Point Percentage
A Excellent 1.00 97-100
1.25 94-96
A- Very good 1.50 91-93
1.75 88-90
B+ Good/aboveaverage 2.00 85-87
2.25 82-84
B- Passed 3.00 75
C Conditional Failure 4.00
F Failure 5.00 Below 75
W WithdrawnUW Unauthorized
Withdrawal
INC Incomplete
NC No Credit
DRP Dropped
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Admission Requirements
Generally, each higher education institution
adopts a certain admission policy.
Some institutions require passing theentranceexamination and medical examination.
Some adopt open admission but selectiveretention.
As part of the academic freedom being enjoyed by thehigher education institutions, it is their right todeterminewho shall be admitted to study.
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SPECIAL EDUCATION
Special education develops the capabilities of
children who are physically, mentally,
emotionally, socially or culturally disabled aswell as gifted children.
Children with special needs are being
attended to through modified curricula,
special services and physical facilities for themaximum development of theirpotential.
Educational patterns for these children-
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HOMESCHOOLING
They permit study at the students own pace
and allow a more flexible schedule that
enables the student to pursue work or other
interests while studying. Homeschooling involves the teaching of
children at home, usually by their parents.
the parent-teacher is a college graduate and is
able to provide at least 4 hours of instruction forkindergarten to 7th grade
Parent-teachers may avail of school curricula,lesson plans, teacher-training, and instructional
materials through DepEd accredited
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NON-FORMAL EDUCATION
Non-formal education is an organized
learning activity aimed at attaining a set of
objectives outside theestablished formalsystem intended for a particular clientele,
especially the out-of-school youth or adult
illiterates who cannot avail themselves of
formal education. Courses are skills-oriented and range from 6
to 10 months.
N
on-formal education objectives cater
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NON-FORMAL EDUCATION
The BALS implements two major programs :the BASIC LITERACY PROGRAM (BLP) for
illiterates and ACCREDITATION and
EQUIVALENCY (A&E) PROGRAM forelementary and secondary level drop-outs.
The age limit is 13 years old and above for theelementary drop-out and 15 years old and
above for the high school drop-out. It also
implements a wide array of other related
programs and projects in partnership with
local and international organizations.
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ADMINISTRATION & MANAGEMENT
DepartmentofEducation (DepEd)
principal government agencyresponsible for education and
manpower development responsible for the formulation,
planning, implementation and co-ordination of the policies, standards,
regulations, plans, programmes andprojects in areas of formal and non-formal education
supervises all basic education
institutions, both public and private,
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BureauofElementaryEducation (BEE)
responsible for providing access and qualityelementary education for all
BureauofSecondaryEducation (BSE)
responsible for providing access and qualitysecondary education
improves access to secondary education byestablishing schools in municipalities where thereare none and reviews the overall structure of
secondary education as regards curriculum,facilities, and teachers in-service training
BureauofAlternative LearningSystems
(BALS)
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TechnicalEducationandSkills
DevelopmentAuthority(TESDA)
encourages the full participation of and mobilizethe industry, labour, local government units andtechnical-vocational education and training(TVET) institutions in the skills development of thecountry's human resources
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CommissiononHigher
Education(CHED)
independent and separate from theDepEd
responsible for formulating andimplementing policies, plans andprogrammes for the developmentand efficient operation of thesystem of higher education in thecountry
coverage is both public and privatehigher education institutions as wellas degree-granting programmes inall post-secondary educational
institutions
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FINANCING
Public elementary schools, national
secondary schools, vocational and technical
schools, other special schools, and charteredand non-chartered tertiary educational
institutions are funded primarily from
national funds.
Local governments areencouraged toassume the operation of non-national publicschools, while the national government
provides funds and adequate sources of
revenue. Government educational
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-end-
-thank you-
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