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Practical Wireless, Ethernet & TCP/IP Networking


Types of Computer Networks• LANs (Local Area Networks)

Network interconnecting computers located in a small geographical area Example: Ethernet network in office

• MANs (Metropolitan Area Networks) Network interconnecting computers located at medium distances from each other Example: FDDI around perimeter of city

• WANs (Wide Area Networks) Network interconnecting computers located at large distances from each other Example: LANs via T1/ ATM/ X.25/ Frame Relay

• WLANs (Wireless LANs) Wireless networks supporting LAN, MAN and WAN infrastructures Example: Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11b, a, g)

• PANs (Personal Area Networks) Network covering a very small area Example: Bluetooth devices in a room


OSI Layering Concept


Relationship between Layers, Entities, Functions and SAPs


Principles to Determine Layers OSI Model Should Encompass

• A layer should be created where a different level of abstraction is required

• Each layer should perform a well-defined function• The function of each layer should be chosen with thought

given to defining internationally standardized protocols• The layer boundaries should be chosen to minimize the

information flow across the boundaries• The number of layers should be large enough that distinct

functions need not be thrown together in the same layer out of necessity and small enough that the architecture does not become unwieldy


OSI Reference Model


Service Primitive


Peer Layer Interaction in the OSI Model


OSI Message Passing


OSI Layer Services

• Application layer• Presentation layer• Session layer• Transport layer• Network layer• Data link layer• Physical layer


Ethernet • Presently the dominant LAN technology

• Provides: a set of physical media definitions a scheme for sharing that physical media a simple frame format and hardware source/destination

addressing scheme


TCP/IP Protocol Suite • Consists of several protocols that provide routing services, end-

to-end verification of transmitted data, and interfacing services

to the stack for clients and servers • Some of the protocols in the suite are:

TCP – A connection-oriented transport protocol UDP – A connectionless transport protocol


Wireless LAN’s

• Some wireless technologies are: Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11b, a, g) IEEE 802.16 (WiMax) Small dish satellite (VSAT) Mobile wireless Wireless PANs (Bluetooth, wireless USB and ZigBee)


Advantages of Wireless Technology

• Mobility• High degree of accessibility • Reduced installation costs


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