The National Multi-island Smart Energy System in Philippines
By:
Zheng Ma, Joy Billanes, Bo Nørregaard Jørgensen
Center for Energy Informatics
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Agenda
Introduction
• Purpose of the research• Research methods
Research and Analysis
• Island Smart Energy Systems Development• Philippines (Case Study)
Presentation of Result
• Smart Energy System Development framework• Conclusion
Purpose of the Research• Global island energy issues: 10%, energy supply
and consumption• Energy Inefficiency in remote islands
Research Methods• Evaluate the differences between single island and
multi-island energy system development• Investigate the multi-island energy system
integration in Philippines• Identify the influential factors in the smart energy
system development• Provide an island smart energy system
development framework
1. Literature Analysis• Database: IEEE iexplore, EBSCO, Jstor,
Scopus, Springer, Web of Science and Google Scholar
• Keywords: energy system, smart grid, single-island, multi-island energy system, energy system integration
• Result: 12 articles2. Case Study (Philippines)
• 7100 islands, 2800 islands are populated• Resources: web pages, government report
Research Objectives
Island Smart Energy System Development
Pangan-an island,Philippines
Hainan island, ChinaFaroe islands,Denmark
Samsoe island,Denmark
Aran islands,Ireland Shanghai, China
Jeju island,South Korea
Pulau Ubin,Singapore
8 islands Europe and Asia
Analysis on Island CharacteristicsCountry Area /size Industry Population Climate Economy Smart Grid Technology
Jeju island,South Korea
1,849 km2
(714 sq mi)Tourism,AgricultureFisheries
583,284 Continental Good both local economy andNational economy
HDVCWind Turbines
Aran Islands,Ireland
46 km2 Tourism,FisheriesCraft work
1,225 Temperate(too cold and windy)
Local economy depends on fishing and tourism industry
Wind turbineElectric vehicles and smart meters
(pilot trial)3MW subsea cable
Hainan Island,China
34,000 km2 Tourism,AgricultureRubberFisheries
8,900,000 (2012) Tropical Improved economy through tourism, agriculture and manufacturing
Wind farms, photovoltaic power plantsWeak-tie power grid500 KV submarine cable
Pulau Ubin,Singapore
10.19 km2
(3.93 sq mi)AgricultureFisheriesPoultry
38 (2012) Tropical rainforest Local- Less developed economy PV systemgrid-connected inverterAC gridMicro gridBio-diesel plants
Shanghai ecological island,China
1,200km² Electronics,Textiles,Steels
24,000,000(2014)
Humid sub-tropical climate
Highly urbanized island Off shore and onshore Wind farms, biomass, solar and ocean power system
Faroe islands,Denmark
1,399 km² Fisheries,AgricultureTourism
48,228 (2016) Temperateclimate
Developed economy Wind turbines,Photovoltaic, Biogas power plant,Biomass plant
Samsoe island,Denmark
112 km² (43 sq mi)
AgricultureTourism
3,806 (2013) Temperate climate Growing economy Wind turbines
Pangan-an Island,Philippines
No data FisheriesTourism
2,800 Tropical Less developed local and national economy
Centralized Solar PV system LED lamps
Isolated and Integrated Smart Energy System Development
Isolated Energy system Integrated Energy systemName of Islands Pulau Ubin (Singapore), Samsoe (Denmark),
Shanghai (China), Faroe islands (Denmark), Pangan-an (Philippines)
Aran islands (Ireland), Jeju (South Korea), Hainan (China)
Factors • Demand for 100% RE• Huge investment for HDVC /submarine cables• Preservation of the island charm• Long distance from the mainland
• Economic development• Protected by NHA or SACs• Sharing electricity between
islands
Multi-island Smart Energy system in the Philippines
Island Population Area Size (Sq. Km) Main Industry
Luzon 57,470,097 147,947,63 Manufacturing, electronics, mining, tourism, agriculture
Visayas 19,373,431 59,873,84 Tourism, manufacturing, food processing, fishing, agriculture, mining
Mindanao 24,135,775 135,626,85 Tourism, fishing, food processing, agriculture, mining
Total 100,979.303 343,448.32
Pre-reform Period (1972-1986)
Main Goals• Promote the economic welfare of the country
especially the rural areas under P.D No. 40(1972)
• Total electrification of the country under E.O269 (1973)
Highlights• Power generation and transmission
monopoly• Electric cooperatives are allowed to
generate and distribute electricity in ruralareas
Reform Period (1987- 2000)
Main Goals• Abolish P.D. No. 40 un E.O 215 (1987)• Enacted R.A 6957 or BOT Law (1990)
Highlights• Stopped the monopoly of NPC in
generation and transmission sector andpermits IPP’s to generate electricity(1987)
• Issued permits to IPPs to construct andmaintain power plants (1990)
EPIRA Period (2001-Present)Main Goals
• Creation of R.A 9136 or EPIRA (2001)• Creation R.A 9513 (2008)
Highlights• Privatization of NPC assets and
restructuring of power industry• Exploration, development and utilization
of renewable energy resources
EarlyDevelopm
entStructure
Reform
ingR
estructuring
Historical Development of the Energy system in Philippines (1972-present)
Energy System Stakeholders
Value chain Generation Transmission Distribution ConsumptionStakeholders Producers
prosumersTransmission companies
Distribution companies Consumer(Contestable and captive)
Stakeholder Types
Renewable and non-renewable energy producers
Private Transmission Company
State owned and private distribution companies
Residential,Industrial,Commercial
Stakeholder’s name list
IPPsGENCOs (San Miguel Corporation AboitizLopez Group)Prosumers
NGCP PDUs (Meralco,VECO,Davao Electric & Co)ECs
BuildingsHouseholds
Technology Provided
Smart Grid(SCADA, ODCC, EMS)
Smart gridNet metersSmart Phone apps
Photovoltaic Solar panels
Government
Energy System
Energy Regulatory
Commission (ERC)
Joint Congressional
Power Commission
(JCPC)
Private Sector Assets and Liabilities(PSALM)
Department of Energy(DOE)
Government organizations involved in the energy system development of Philippines
Producers120 generation companies in Philippines in 2009
Government Private
NPC-SPUG (Small Power Utilities Group)
Generation companies (GENCOs), Independent Power Producers (IPPs)
• Supply electricity to off grid areas
• Supply power to NPC and other distribution utilities
• Top generation companies are Aboitiz, Lopez Group and San Miguel Corp
111,586; 73%
22,114; 15%
18,828; 12%
Energy Generation by Areas (2013-2014)
Luzon Visayas Mindanao
Energy Resources
Energy Resources (2013-2014)Non-Renewable Energy
Oil-based energy
Thermal 901Diesel 8,535Gas Turbines 762Total 10,199
Natural gas 37,481Coal 65,135Non-RE total 112,815 (Gwh)
Renewable EnergyHydro 19,156Geothermal 19,913Other RE (wind, solar, Biomass)
643
RE total 39,712 (Gwh)Total 152,527 (Gwh)
9%
33%58%
Non-renewable energy (2013-2014)
Oil Natural gas Coal
48%50%
2%
Renewable Energy (2013-2014)
Hydro Geothermal Others(wind, solar, biomass)
Transmission
Transmission lines capacity Luzon-Visayas HDVC link
• National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) is the official transmission company since 2009
• transmission lines of over 19,490 circuit- kilometers • sub-station capacity of 27,726 MV
Utilities by Area
Luzon Visayas Mindanao Others Total
Private utilities
13 4 4 21
Electric Cooperative
52 32 27 24 135
Distribution
Distribution utilities in Philippines
• 156 Distribution companies• Meralco, VECO and Davao Light &
Power Co., Inc. are the top 3 private utilities in Philippines
Consumers
74%
14%
12%
Energy Consumption by area (2013-2014)
Luzon Visayas Mindanao
27%
24%28%
3%8%
10%
Energy Consumption by sector(2013-2014)
Residential Commercial Industrial
Others Utilities own-use Power Losses
Two types of electricity consumers • contestable consumers (at least
1MW per month)• captive consumers (less than 1
MW per month)
Retail Market
Residential Commercial Industrial Average Top Private Distribution Utilities (PDUs)
Luzon P 10.64 P9.33 P7.50 P9.15 Meralco
Visayas P8.95 P8.87 P7.43 P8.41 VECO
Mindanao P6.56 P9.23 P5.68 P7.15 Davao Light and Power Co., Inc
Ave. rate in Philippines
P8.72 P9.14 P6.87 P8.23
Private Distribution Utilities Average electricity Price in September 2012
Wholesale Spot Market
Participants Expected Participants
Registered Participants
Generation Companies
54 47
Customer Trading Participants
PDUs and LGUs
16 6
ECs 72 51Bulk users 102 13Wholesale aggregators
7 7
Total participants
251 124
• Wholesale Spot Market (WESM) started its operation on 2006 in Luzon and 2010
• 124 WESM registered participants (47 generating companies and 77 customer-trading utilities) in 2012
Conclusion of the Philippines case study
• Developing economics (consumption, traditional energy generation)• Imbalanced situation (population, market price)• Different market blocs: players, price• Incomplete energy polices and regulation
Influential island factors in the Energy System development
Industry EconomyPopulation
Area/Size
Climate
RE power plantsSubmarine cable /HDVC,
Micro Grid,Smart metersLED lamps,
Battery Storage system
Technology
Island Smart Energy System FrameworkDevelopment Solution
Single Island
Multi-island
Isolated smart energy system
Integrated smart energy system
Island Factors TechnologyRE power plantsSubmarine cable
/HDVC,Micro Grid,
Smart metersLED lamps,
Battery Storage system
Area/Size
Population Economy
Climate
Industry
National Factors
EconomicsEnergy developmentNational energy polices and regulationMarket and market players
Research Conclusion
Contribution• Island smart energy system development framework
• Influential Factors in the energy system development
Limitation• Literature Review
Future ResearchThe inter-influence among the three levels:
• International factors (global climate agreement, technology development)
• National factors
• Local factors
THANK YOU
Top Related